Question 1

Why is it impossible to develop the perfect classification system?

Accepted Answer

In the perfect system,disorders would be

Question 2

Rosenhan's (1973)study of pseudo-patients in psychiatric hospitals illustrates

Accepted Answer

A) that diagnosis can be influenced,if not determined by choice of assessment measures. 
B) that behaviour is misinterpreted when seen through the lens of a psychiatric diagnosis. 
C) that hallucinations can be shaped by the questions of the interviewing clinician. 
D) why structured interviews are preferred over unstructured ones. 
E) that failure to make a diagnosis can have serious consequences. 
A) that diagnosis can be influenced,if not determined by choice of assessment measures. 
B) that behaviour is misinterpreted when seen through the lens of a psychiatric diagnosis. 
C) that hallucinations can be shaped by the questions of the interviewing clinician. 
D) why structured interviews are preferred over unstructured ones. 
E) that failure to make a diagnosis can have serious consequences.

Question 3

The DSM-III-R presented significant differences compared to its predecessors.Perhaps the MOST important change was

Accepted Answer

A) the fact that it included the number of symptoms required to meet the criterion. 
B) the fact that is became more empirically-based. 
C) that it required clinicians to consider five different areas of patient functioning. 
D) that field trials were carried out to improve reliability. 
E) the fact that it did not advocate any particular theory. 
A) the fact that it included the number of symptoms required to meet the criterion. 
B) the fact that is became more empirically-based. 
C) that it required clinicians to consider five different areas of patient functioning. 
D) that field trials were carried out to improve reliability. 
E) the fact that it did not advocate any particular theory.

Question 4

It is important that clinicians be more aware of cultural issues for all of the following reasons except

Accepted Answer

A) different cultural issues may influence the diagnosis. 
B) North America is relatively multi-cultural. 
C) certain syndromes appear only within a particular culture. 
D) different cultural practices may be unusual to white North Americans,but are normal in the society in which they are found. 
E) many clinicians now visit and diagnose patients in many different countries. 
A) different cultural issues may influence the diagnosis. 
B) North America is relatively multi-cultural. 
C) certain syndromes appear only within a particular culture. 
D) different cultural practices may be unusual to white North Americans,but are normal in the society in which they are found. 
E) many clinicians now visit and diagnose patients in many different countries.

Question 5

The DSM-5 is an example of a very strong diagnostic system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

If the diagnostic category Autism Spectrum Disorder included information about the IQ or mental ability profiles commonly observed in persons with the diagnosis,then the diagnostic category would be said to have __________.

Accepted Answer

A) predictive validity 
B) concurrent validity 
C) culture bias 
D) test-retest reliability 
E) inter-rater reliability 
A) predictive validity 
B) concurrent validity 
C) culture bias 
D) test-retest reliability 
E) inter-rater reliability

Question 7

Why has it been so difficult to develop the ideal system for classifying mental disorders?

Accepted Answer

A) treatments tend to be different for different disorders. 
B) clinical psychologists tend not to use diagnostic systems for classification purposes. 
C) it was easier to conduct scientific research in the past than it is now. 
D) it is difficult to determine which aspects of behaviour are most important. 
E) psychologists find it difficult to conduct structured interviews with patients. 
A) treatments tend to be different for different disorders. 
B) clinical psychologists tend not to use diagnostic systems for classification purposes. 
C) it was easier to conduct scientific research in the past than it is now. 
D) it is difficult to determine which aspects of behaviour are most important. 
E) psychologists find it difficult to conduct structured interviews with patients.

Question 8

DSM-III was a better attempt at classification than were earlier systems because it

Accepted Answer

A) took on a dimensional as opposed to a categorical approach. 
B) it focused more strongly on the theoretical causes of various mental disorders. 
C) was less rigid than previous approaches. 
D) was informed by field trials. 
E) it promoted a behavioural rather than a psychodynamic theoretical orientation. 
A) took on a dimensional as opposed to a categorical approach. 
B) it focused more strongly on the theoretical causes of various mental disorders. 
C) was less rigid than previous approaches. 
D) was informed by field trials. 
E) it promoted a behavioural rather than a psychodynamic theoretical orientation.

Question 9

According to Szasz (1961),diagnosis of mental illness has no physical basis and therefore no objective basis and is merely a means of social control.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

It is estimated that about one third of the global population has a mental disorder and that two thirds of those people receive no treatment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The 2002 Health Canada Report on Mental Illness concludes that

Accepted Answer

A) approximately one in five Canadians will experience a mental illness in their lifetime. 
B) approximately one in ten Canadians will experience a mental illness in their lifetime. 
C) approximately 5 percent of the population will experience a mental illness in their lifetime. 
D) approximately 5 percent of the population will experience a mental disorder in a one-year period. 
E) mental illness is the leading cause of disability and premature death in Canada. 
A) approximately one in five Canadians will experience a mental illness in their lifetime. 
B) approximately one in ten Canadians will experience a mental illness in their lifetime. 
C) approximately 5 percent of the population will experience a mental illness in their lifetime. 
D) approximately 5 percent of the population will experience a mental disorder in a one-year period. 
E) mental illness is the leading cause of disability and premature death in Canada.

Question 12

Describe the reasons why there is controversy surrounding the classification of mental disorders.

Accepted Answer

Three main criticisms of classification

Question 13

If the diagnostic category conduct disorder were to have subtypes that predict meeting vs.not meeting criteria for Antisocial Personality Disorder in adulthood,then this would be evidence for __________ of the subtypes.

Accepted Answer

A) sensitivity 
B) predictive validity 
C) concurrent validity 
D) interrater reliability 
E) test-retest reliability 
A) sensitivity 
B) predictive validity 
C) concurrent validity 
D) interrater reliability 
E) test-retest reliability

Question 14

Taijin kyofusho is a syndrome found only in Japan.This condition:

Accepted Answer

A) features concerns about being embarrassed. 
B) is often mistaken for social anxiety disorder. 
C) features a fear of embarrassing others. 
D) affects mainly Japanese women. 
E) is usually caused by poor diet. 
A) features concerns about being embarrassed. 
B) is often mistaken for social anxiety disorder. 
C) features a fear of embarrassing others. 
D) affects mainly Japanese women. 
E) is usually caused by poor diet.

Question 15

A defense of retaining some aspects of the medical model is provided by Wakefield (1992),who states:

Accepted Answer

A) some physical illnesses are diagnosed on the basis of associated dysfunction alone;in the future we will acquire more knowledge about physical correlates of mental disorders. 
B) psychological symptoms invariably have physical processes which are causal. 
C) decisions to intervene or not must be made on a categorical basis;serious mental illness requires professionals to think like doctors. 
D) reliability will be improved by focusing on the underlying physical processes responsible for mental disorders. 
E) at this point the most effective interventions are pharmacological. 
A) some physical illnesses are diagnosed on the basis of associated dysfunction alone;in the future we will acquire more knowledge about physical correlates of mental disorders. 
B) psychological symptoms invariably have physical processes which are causal. 
C) decisions to intervene or not must be made on a categorical basis;serious mental illness requires professionals to think like doctors. 
D) reliability will be improved by focusing on the underlying physical processes responsible for mental disorders. 
E) at this point the most effective interventions are pharmacological.

Question 16

Define reliability and validity and describe the concepts of interrater reliability and concurrent and predictive validity in measuring psychopathology.

Accepted Answer

If a measurement tool is reliable,it wil

Question 17

The study in which Beck et al.(1962)examined the reliability of psychiatrists' diagnoses using the DSM-I indicated that

Accepted Answer

A) the validity of the study itself was quite low 
B) most of the time,the psychiatrists agreed on diagnoses 
C) inter-rater agreement was quite high for some disorders and lower for others 
D) inter-rater agreement was lower than expected 
E) it is pointless to have more than one psychiatrist examine the same patient 
A) the validity of the study itself was quite low 
B) most of the time,the psychiatrists agreed on diagnoses 
C) inter-rater agreement was quite high for some disorders and lower for others 
D) inter-rater agreement was lower than expected 
E) it is pointless to have more than one psychiatrist examine the same patient

Question 18

Diagnosis can lead clinicians to make assumptions about an individual that are not valid.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

A __________ approach to classification recognizes that a disorder may be mild or severe,while with a __________ approach,the disorder is either present or not.

Accepted Answer

A) categorical;dimensional 
B) dimensional;categorical 
C) discrete;continuous 
D) reliable;valid 
E) valid;reliable 
A) categorical;dimensional 
B) dimensional;categorical 
C) discrete;continuous 
D) reliable;valid 
E) valid;reliable

Question 20

"Loss of information" as it pertains to diagnosis and as described in the text refers to

Accepted Answer

A) loss of information about unique individuals when diagnostic labels are applied. 
B) loss of information resulting from selection of one assessment tool over another. 
C) decline in relevance of a diagnosis over time. 
D) failure to include all the important symptoms in the criteria for a disorder. 
E) failure to diagnose comorbid conditions. 
A) loss of information about unique individuals when diagnostic labels are applied. 
B) loss of information resulting from selection of one assessment tool over another. 
C) decline in relevance of a diagnosis over time. 
D) failure to include all the important symptoms in the criteria for a disorder. 
E) failure to diagnose comorbid conditions.

Why is it impossible to develop the perfect classification system?

Rosenhan's (1973)study of pseudo-patients in psychiatric hospitals illustrates

The DSM-III-R presented significant differences compared to its predecessors.Perhaps the MOST important change was

It is important that clinicians be more aware of cultural issues for all of the following reasons except

The DSM-5 is an example of a very strong diagnostic system.

If the diagnostic category Autism Spectrum Disorder included information about the IQ or mental ability profiles commonly observed in persons with the diagnosis,then the diagnostic category would be said to have __________.

Why has it been so difficult to develop the ideal system for classifying mental disorders?

DSM-III was a better attempt at classification than were earlier systems because it

According to Szasz (1961),diagnosis of mental illness has no physical basis and therefore no objective basis and is merely a means of social control.

It is estimated that about one third of the global population has a mental disorder and that two thirds of those people receive no treatment.

The 2002 Health Canada Report on Mental Illness concludes that

Describe the reasons why there is controversy surrounding the classification of mental disorders.

If the diagnostic category conduct disorder were to have subtypes that predict meeting vs.not meeting criteria for Antisocial Personality Disorder in adulthood,then this would be evidence for __________ of the subtypes.

Taijin kyofusho is a syndrome found only in Japan.This condition:

A defense of retaining some aspects of the medical model is provided by Wakefield (1992),who states:

Define reliability and validity and describe the concepts of interrater reliability and concurrent and predictive validity in measuring psychopathology.

The study in which Beck et al.(1962)examined the reliability of psychiatrists' diagnoses using the DSM-I indicated that

Diagnosis can lead clinicians to make assumptions about an individual that are not valid.

A approach to classification recognizes that a disorder may be mild or severe,while with a approach,the disorder is either present or not.

"Loss of information" as it pertains to diagnosis and as described in the text refers to

Concepts of Abnormality Throughout History

Theoretical Perspectives on Abnormal Behaviour

Psychological Assessment and Research Methods

Anxiety, obsessive-Compulsive, and Trauma -Related Disorders

Dissociative Disorder and Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders

Psychological Factors Affecting Medical Conditions

Mood Disorders and Suicide

Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders

Eating Disorders

Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders

The Personality Disorders

Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders

Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Behaviour and Emotional Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence

Aging and Mental Health

Therapies

Prevention and Mental Health Promotion in the Community

Mental Disorder and the Law

Filters

Exam 3: Classification and Diagnosis

Why is it impossible to develop the perfect classification system?

Rosenhan's (1973)study of pseudo-patients in psychiatric hospitals illustrates

The DSM-III-R presented significant differences compared to its predecessors.Perhaps the MOST important change was

It is important that clinicians be more aware of cultural issues for all of the following reasons except

The DSM-5 is an example of a very strong diagnostic system.

If the diagnostic category Autism Spectrum Disorder included information about the IQ or mental ability profiles commonly observed in persons with the diagnosis,then the diagnostic category would be said to have __________.

Why has it been so difficult to develop the ideal system for classifying mental disorders?

DSM-III was a better attempt at classification than were earlier systems because it

According to Szasz (1961),diagnosis of mental illness has no physical basis and therefore no objective basis and is merely a means of social control.

It is estimated that about one third of the global population has a mental disorder and that two thirds of those people receive no treatment.

The 2002 Health Canada Report on Mental Illness concludes that

Describe the reasons why there is controversy surrounding the classification of mental disorders.

If the diagnostic category conduct disorder were to have subtypes that predict meeting vs.not meeting criteria for Antisocial Personality Disorder in adulthood,then this would be evidence for __________ of the subtypes.

Taijin kyofusho is a syndrome found only in Japan.This condition:

A defense of retaining some aspects of the medical model is provided by Wakefield (1992),who states:

Define reliability and validity and describe the concepts of interrater reliability and concurrent and predictive validity in measuring psychopathology.

The study in which Beck et al.(1962)examined the reliability of psychiatrists' diagnoses using the DSM-I indicated that

Diagnosis can lead clinicians to make assumptions about an individual that are not valid.

A __________ approach to classification recognizes that a disorder may be mild or severe,while with a __________ approach,the disorder is either present or not.

"Loss of information" as it pertains to diagnosis and as described in the text refers to

Concepts of Abnormality Throughout History

Theoretical Perspectives on Abnormal Behaviour

Psychological Assessment and Research Methods

Anxiety, obsessive-Compulsive, and Trauma -Related Disorders

Dissociative Disorder and Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders

Psychological Factors Affecting Medical Conditions

Mood Disorders and Suicide

Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders

Eating Disorders

Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders

The Personality Disorders

Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders

Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Behaviour and Emotional Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence

Aging and Mental Health

Therapies

Prevention and Mental Health Promotion in the Community

Mental Disorder and the Law

Filters

A approach to classification recognizes that a disorder may be mild or severe,while with a approach,the disorder is either present or not.