Question 1

The ________ approach focuses on moment-to-moment conscious experience, free will, and the ability to choose important aspects of one's reality.

Accepted Answer

A)  trait 
B)  cognitive 
C)  humanistic 
D)  learning 
A)  trait 
B)  cognitive 
C)  humanistic 
D)  learning C

Question 2

Francis is deciding whether to take a job in Chicago. According to the chapter, what is Francis confronting right now?

Accepted Answer

A)  a shift in social status 
B)  an opportunity cost 
C)  an environmental factor 
D)  a choice point 
A)  a shift in social status 
B)  an opportunity cost 
C)  an environmental factor 
D)  a choice point D

Question 3

According to the text, what is one difficult aspect about studying the relationship between biological structures and personality?

Accepted Answer

A)  Each biological component interacts with the other components. 
B)  There isn't sufficient technology to evaluate all structures. 
C)  There is still a lot about personality traits that we do not know. 
D)  Brain structures change dramatically over time. 
A)  Each biological component interacts with the other components. 
B)  There isn't sufficient technology to evaluate all structures. 
C)  There is still a lot about personality traits that we do not know. 
D)  Brain structures change dramatically over time. A

Question 4

Match the scientific goal with the associated approach to studying personality.
-Biological

Accepted Answer

A) Understanding the heritability and evolutionary basis of behavioral patterns 
B) Understanding the unconscious mind and the effects of motivations and conflicts of which we are not aware 
C) Understanding moment-to-moment conscious awareness and the ability to experience free will 
D) Understanding individual differences and the ways in which we are psychologically unique 
E) Understanding basic mental processes relevant to perception, memory, emotion, and motivation 
A) Understanding the heritability and evolutionary basis of behavioral patterns 
B) Understanding the unconscious mind and the effects of motivations and conflicts of which we are not aware 
C) Understanding moment-to-moment conscious awareness and the ability to experience free will 
D) Understanding individual differences and the ways in which we are psychologically unique 
E) Understanding basic mental processes relevant to perception, memory, emotion, and motivation

Question 5

According to the text, what we don't know about the biological roots of personality is ________ what we do know.

Accepted Answer

A)  far less than 
B)  equal to 
C)  incomparable to 
D)  far more than 
A)  far less than 
B)  equal to 
C)  incomparable to 
D)  far more than

Question 6

According to research on the science of well-being, one should strive to achieve a life with

Accepted Answer

A)  as little stress as possible. 
B)  reasonable and meaningful challenges. 
C)  more stressful experiences than nonstressful experiences. 
D)  many goals that are almost impossible to accomplish. 
A)  as little stress as possible. 
B)  reasonable and meaningful challenges. 
C)  more stressful experiences than nonstressful experiences. 
D)  many goals that are almost impossible to accomplish.

Question 7

Tony frequently gets into fights and is also generally described as hostile and aggressive. What conclusions can we most reasonably draw between his personality and health?

Accepted Answer

A)  His hostile personality puts him into situations that lead to dangerous confrontations. 
B)  His hostile personality would likely cause him to withdraw and fail to take care of himself. 
C)  There is probably no relationship between his personality and his physical health. 
D)  His frequent fighting causes his hostile and aggressive personality, which in turn increases his level of anxiety. 
A)  His hostile personality puts him into situations that lead to dangerous confrontations. 
B)  His hostile personality would likely cause him to withdraw and fail to take care of himself. 
C)  There is probably no relationship between his personality and his physical health. 
D)  His frequent fighting causes his hostile and aggressive personality, which in turn increases his level of anxiety.

Question 8

According to the text, research methods are useful for knowing both ________ and ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  broad research questions; how to develop One Big Theory 
B)  what research questions to ask; the best methods to answer the questions 
C)  which approaches to personality are best; research methods in other scientific disciplines 
D)  personality research methods; research methods in other disciplines 
A)  broad research questions; how to develop One Big Theory 
B)  what research questions to ask; the best methods to answer the questions 
C)  which approaches to personality are best; research methods in other scientific disciplines 
D)  personality research methods; research methods in other disciplines

Question 9

Match the scientific goal with the associated approach to studying personality.
-Cognitive

Accepted Answer

A) Understanding the heritability and evolutionary basis of behavioral patterns 
B) Understanding the unconscious mind and the effects of motivations and conflicts of which we are not aware 
C) Understanding moment-to-moment conscious awareness and the ability to experience free will 
D) Understanding individual differences and the ways in which we are psychologically unique 
E) Understanding basic mental processes relevant to perception, memory, emotion, and motivation 
A) Understanding the heritability and evolutionary basis of behavioral patterns 
B) Understanding the unconscious mind and the effects of motivations and conflicts of which we are not aware 
C) Understanding moment-to-moment conscious awareness and the ability to experience free will 
D) Understanding individual differences and the ways in which we are psychologically unique 
E) Understanding basic mental processes relevant to perception, memory, emotion, and motivation

Question 10

Match the scientific goal with the associated approach to studying personality.
-Trait

Accepted Answer

A) Understanding the heritability and evolutionary basis of behavioral patterns 
B) Understanding the unconscious mind and the effects of motivations and conflicts of which we are not aware 
C) Understanding moment-to-moment conscious awareness and the ability to experience free will 
D) Understanding individual differences and the ways in which we are psychologically unique 
E) Understanding basic mental processes relevant to perception, memory, emotion, and motivation 
A) Understanding the heritability and evolutionary basis of behavioral patterns 
B) Understanding the unconscious mind and the effects of motivations and conflicts of which we are not aware 
C) Understanding moment-to-moment conscious awareness and the ability to experience free will 
D) Understanding individual differences and the ways in which we are psychologically unique 
E) Understanding basic mental processes relevant to perception, memory, emotion, and motivation

Question 11

If a psychologist is interested in understanding how cultural construals of reality shape an individual's behavior, she should take the ________ approach to studying personality.

Accepted Answer

A)  humanistic 
B)  biological 
C)  psychoanalytic 
D)  trait 
A)  humanistic 
B)  biological 
C)  psychoanalytic 
D)  trait

Question 12

The ________ approach includes a focus on the heritability of some aspects of personality.

Accepted Answer

A)  trait 
B)  biological 
C)  humanistic 
D)  social learning 
A)  trait 
B)  biological 
C)  humanistic 
D)  social learning

Question 13

Match the scientific goal with the associated approach to studying personality.
-Psychoanalytic

Accepted Answer

A) Understanding the heritability and evolutionary basis of behavioral patterns 
B) Understanding the unconscious mind and the effects of motivations and conflicts of which we are not aware 
C) Understanding moment-to-moment conscious awareness and the ability to experience free will 
D) Understanding individual differences and the ways in which we are psychologically unique 
E) Understanding basic mental processes relevant to perception, memory, emotion, and motivation 
A) Understanding the heritability and evolutionary basis of behavioral patterns 
B) Understanding the unconscious mind and the effects of motivations and conflicts of which we are not aware 
C) Understanding moment-to-moment conscious awareness and the ability to experience free will 
D) Understanding individual differences and the ways in which we are psychologically unique 
E) Understanding basic mental processes relevant to perception, memory, emotion, and motivation

Question 14

According to the text, behavioral consistency is limited in the sense that

Accepted Answer

A)  behavior surely changes from one situation to the next. 
B)  personality is biologically determined. 
C)  behavior is always a function of the situation. 
D)  borderline personality disorder limits how well an individual can identify with any one personality. 
A)  behavior surely changes from one situation to the next. 
B)  personality is biologically determined. 
C)  behavior is always a function of the situation. 
D)  borderline personality disorder limits how well an individual can identify with any one personality.

Question 15

According to the text, which of the following is likely the MOST important influence on personality change?

Accepted Answer

A)  maturity 
B)  self-initiated changes in behavior 
C)  changing life demands 
D)  Personality does not change. 
A)  maturity 
B)  self-initiated changes in behavior 
C)  changing life demands 
D)  Personality does not change.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT one of the criteria that Funder believes is important for selecting a personality approach to use in your own work?

Accepted Answer

A)  whether the approach is right or wrong 
B)  whether the approach addresses topics you wish to understand 
C)  whether you find the approach interesting 
D)  whether you think you can use the approach to add knowledge to psychology 
A)  whether the approach is right or wrong 
B)  whether the approach addresses topics you wish to understand 
C)  whether you find the approach interesting 
D)  whether you think you can use the approach to add knowledge to psychology

Question 17

Research from the ________ paradigm has demonstrated the consistency of a pattern of thought like pessimism.

Accepted Answer

A)  trait 
B)  behavioral 
C)  cognitive 
D)  psychoanalytic 
A)  trait 
B)  behavioral 
C)  cognitive 
D)  psychoanalytic

Question 18

What are the three most important core themes you learned from the textbook and your personality class? You must clearly justify why these themes are important and why they offer critical insights into human nature. How can these themes be applied to everyday life in terms of understanding your own behavior or the behavior of those around you?

Accepted Answer

The three most important core themes I l

Question 19

The ________ approach focuses on rewards and punishment and how behavior is a function of the situation.

Accepted Answer

A)  trait 
B)  biological 
C)  humanistic 
D)  learning 
A)  trait 
B)  biological 
C)  humanistic 
D)  learning

Question 20

One of the challenges of studying the whole person and everything that is important about an individual's psychology is that it is

Accepted Answer

A)  an overwhelming and frankly impossible endeavor. 
B)  only possible in a biological sense. 
C)  only possible if you consider behavior and cognition together. 
D)  necessary for all research endeavors. 
A)  an overwhelming and frankly impossible endeavor. 
B)  only possible in a biological sense. 
C)  only possible if you consider behavior and cognition together. 
D)  necessary for all research endeavors.

The ________ approach focuses on moment-to-moment conscious experience, free will, and the ability to choose important aspects of one's reality.

Francis is deciding whether to take a job in Chicago. According to the chapter, what is Francis confronting right now?

According to the text, what is one difficult aspect about studying the relationship between biological structures and personality?

Match the scientific goal with the associated approach to studying personality. -Biological

According to the text, what we don't know about the biological roots of personality is ________ what we do know.

According to research on the science of well-being, one should strive to achieve a life with

Tony frequently gets into fights and is also generally described as hostile and aggressive. What conclusions can we most reasonably draw between his personality and health?

According to the text, research methods are useful for knowing both and .

Match the scientific goal with the associated approach to studying personality. -Cognitive

Match the scientific goal with the associated approach to studying personality. -Trait

If a psychologist is interested in understanding how cultural construals of reality shape an individual's behavior, she should take the ________ approach to studying personality.

The ________ approach includes a focus on the heritability of some aspects of personality.

Match the scientific goal with the associated approach to studying personality. -Psychoanalytic

According to the text, behavioral consistency is limited in the sense that

According to the text, which of the following is likely the MOST important influence on personality change?

Which of the following is NOT one of the criteria that Funder believes is important for selecting a personality approach to use in your own work?

Research from the ________ paradigm has demonstrated the consistency of a pattern of thought like pessimism.

The ________ approach focuses on rewards and punishment and how behavior is a function of the situation.

One of the challenges of studying the whole person and everything that is important about an individual's psychology is that it is

The Study of the Person

Personality Research Methods

Personality Assessment: Effect Size, Replicability, and Open Science

Persons and Situations

Personality Judgment

Traits and Types: the Big Five and Beyond

Personality Stability, Development, and Change

The Anatomy and Physiology of Personality

Genetics and Evolution: the Inheritance of Personality

Basics of Psychoanalysis

Psychoanalysis After Freud: Neo-Freudians, Object Relations, and Current Research

Humanistic Psychology, Positive Psychology, and the Science of Happiness

Cultural Variation in Experience, Behavior, and Personality

Personality Processes: Learning, Motivation, Emotion, and Thinking

The Self: What You Know About You

Relationships and Business

Mental and Physical Health

Filters

Exam 18: What Have We Learned

The ________ approach focuses on moment-to-moment conscious experience, free will, and the ability to choose important aspects of one's reality.

Francis is deciding whether to take a job in Chicago. According to the chapter, what is Francis confronting right now?

According to the text, what is one difficult aspect about studying the relationship between biological structures and personality?

Match the scientific goal with the associated approach to studying personality. -Biological

According to the text, what we don't know about the biological roots of personality is ________ what we do know.

According to research on the science of well-being, one should strive to achieve a life with

Tony frequently gets into fights and is also generally described as hostile and aggressive. What conclusions can we most reasonably draw between his personality and health?

According to the text, research methods are useful for knowing both ________ and ________.

Match the scientific goal with the associated approach to studying personality. -Cognitive

Match the scientific goal with the associated approach to studying personality. -Trait

If a psychologist is interested in understanding how cultural construals of reality shape an individual's behavior, she should take the ________ approach to studying personality.

The ________ approach includes a focus on the heritability of some aspects of personality.

Match the scientific goal with the associated approach to studying personality. -Psychoanalytic

According to the text, behavioral consistency is limited in the sense that

According to the text, which of the following is likely the MOST important influence on personality change?

Which of the following is NOT one of the criteria that Funder believes is important for selecting a personality approach to use in your own work?

Research from the ________ paradigm has demonstrated the consistency of a pattern of thought like pessimism.

The ________ approach focuses on rewards and punishment and how behavior is a function of the situation.

One of the challenges of studying the whole person and everything that is important about an individual's psychology is that it is

The Study of the Person

Personality Research Methods

Personality Assessment: Effect Size, Replicability, and Open Science

Persons and Situations

Personality Judgment

Traits and Types: the Big Five and Beyond

Personality Stability, Development, and Change

The Anatomy and Physiology of Personality

Genetics and Evolution: the Inheritance of Personality

Basics of Psychoanalysis

Psychoanalysis After Freud: Neo-Freudians, Object Relations, and Current Research

Humanistic Psychology, Positive Psychology, and the Science of Happiness

Cultural Variation in Experience, Behavior, and Personality

Personality Processes: Learning, Motivation, Emotion, and Thinking

The Self: What You Know About You

Relationships and Business

Mental and Physical Health

Filters

According to the text, research methods are useful for knowing both and .