Question 1

Your ________ is how you see yourself, whereas your ________ is what you think you are capable of accomplishing.

Accepted Answer

A)  self-concept; reputation 
B)  self-concept; self-efficacy 
C)  reputation, self-efficacy 
D)  self-efficacy; self-concept 
A)  self-concept; reputation 
B)  self-concept; self-efficacy 
C)  reputation, self-efficacy 
D)  self-efficacy; self-concept B

Question 2

Grant is up against a deadline and fears he will not have enough time to do all he needs to do for it. In response, he makes a list of everything he needs to do in order of priority and gradually completes each task. Grant is practicing high

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive control. 
B)  emotional intelligence. 
C)  social control. 
D)  affect stability. 
A)  cognitive control. 
B)  emotional intelligence. 
C)  social control. 
D)  affect stability. A

Question 3

Mrs. Garcia often invites her family and friends to her house for lunches and parties. She is also involved with the people in her church group and in the Parent-Teacher Association at her child's school. According to McClelland's view of motivations, Mrs. Garcia is high in ________ motivation.

Accepted Answer

A)  achievement 
B)  affiliation 
C)  power 
D)  connectedness 
A)  achievement 
B)  affiliation 
C)  power 
D)  connectedness B

Question 4

Match each definition with its type of goal.
-Development goals

Accepted Answer

A) Goals that everyone has 
B) Goals to improve oneself 
C) Goals that are long term and can organize broad areas of a person's life 
D) Goals that are specific to the individual 
E) Goals to validate an attribute in oneself 
A) Goals that everyone has 
B) Goals to improve oneself 
C) Goals that are long term and can organize broad areas of a person's life 
D) Goals that are specific to the individual 
E) Goals to validate an attribute in oneself

Question 5

What term is used to describe a good result that follows a particular behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  positive affect 
B)  reinforcement 
C)  respondent conditioning 
D)  operant response 
A)  positive affect 
B)  reinforcement 
C)  respondent conditioning 
D)  operant response

Question 6

Based on recent research regarding the ability to forecast emotional reactions to major events, people tend to

Accepted Answer

A)  be accurate judges of the emotional impact of future events. 
B)  underestimate the emotional impact of negative events but not positive events. 
C)  underestimate the emotional impact of positive events but not negative events. 
D)  overestimate the emotional impact of both negative and positive events. 
A)  be accurate judges of the emotional impact of future events. 
B)  underestimate the emotional impact of negative events but not positive events. 
C)  underestimate the emotional impact of positive events but not negative events. 
D)  overestimate the emotional impact of both negative and positive events.

Question 7

According to Mischel, every individual's if … then pattern of contingencies is unique and comprises his

Accepted Answer

A)  personality. 
B)  life narrative. 
C)  behavioral signature. 
D)  personal goals. 
A)  personality. 
B)  life narrative. 
C)  behavioral signature. 
D)  personal goals.

Question 8

When Zajonc famously said, "preferences need no inferences" with respect to emotion, what was he really arguing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Appraisal does not need to come first in the emotion process. 
B)  Appraisal must come first in the emotion process. 
C)  Personality traits are more important than situations for determining emotions. 
D)  Attitudes are more important than personality traits for determining emotions. 
A)  Appraisal does not need to come first in the emotion process. 
B)  Appraisal must come first in the emotion process. 
C)  Personality traits are more important than situations for determining emotions. 
D)  Attitudes are more important than personality traits for determining emotions.

Question 9

A person with a judgment goal will respond to failure with a(n) ________ pattern of behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)  helpless 
B)  mastery-oriented 
C)  anxiety-driven 
D)  pessimistic 
A)  helpless 
B)  mastery-oriented 
C)  anxiety-driven 
D)  pessimistic

Question 10

It has been suggested that chronic anxiety is the result of

Accepted Answer

A)  repeated pairing of a common stimulus with an unpleasant response. 
B)  the occurrence of one predictable negative event. 
C)  repeated exposure to aversive stimuli that are unpredictable and random. 
D)  second-order conditioning and stimulus generalization. 
A)  repeated pairing of a common stimulus with an unpleasant response. 
B)  the occurrence of one predictable negative event. 
C)  repeated exposure to aversive stimuli that are unpredictable and random. 
D)  second-order conditioning and stimulus generalization.

Question 11

Which of the following theoretical models describes the relationship between views of the world and particular goals?

Accepted Answer

A)  Epstein's cognitive-experiential self-theory (CEST) 
B)  Dweck's motivational theory 
C)  Kelly's personal construct theory 
D)  McCrae and Costa's characteristic adaptations theory 
A)  Epstein's cognitive-experiential self-theory (CEST) 
B)  Dweck's motivational theory 
C)  Kelly's personal construct theory 
D)  McCrae and Costa's characteristic adaptations theory

Question 12

Which of the following represent the MOST common types of nomothetic goals?

Accepted Answer

A)  achievement and affiliation 
B)  achievement and power 
C)  power and learning 
D)  learning and affiliation 
A)  achievement and affiliation 
B)  achievement and power 
C)  power and learning 
D)  learning and affiliation

Question 13

According to Mischel's theorizing, which of the following methods would be the best way to stop yourself from eating a piece of delicious chocolate cake?

Accepted Answer

A)  smelling the cake to trick yourself into thinking that you ate it 
B)  telling yourself repeatedly that chocolate tastes bad 
C)  thinking about the chocolate cake as a piece of brown plastic 
D)  imagining how good the cake tastes to replace the actual desire to eat it 
A)  smelling the cake to trick yourself into thinking that you ate it 
B)  telling yourself repeatedly that chocolate tastes bad 
C)  thinking about the chocolate cake as a piece of brown plastic 
D)  imagining how good the cake tastes to replace the actual desire to eat it

Question 14

Describe the development of social learning theory and what makes it distinct from classical behaviorism.

Accepted Answer

Social learning theory, developed by Alb

Question 15

Why do behaviorists believe that useful information only comes from direct observation?

Accepted Answer

A)  This information is more decontextualized. 
B)  This information is how unconscious motives are expressed. 
C)  Behaviorists cannot verify internal thoughts or feelings. 
D)  Behaviorists are more interested in how groups learn than in how individuals learn. 
A)  This information is more decontextualized. 
B)  This information is how unconscious motives are expressed. 
C)  Behaviorists cannot verify internal thoughts or feelings. 
D)  Behaviorists are more interested in how groups learn than in how individuals learn.

Question 16

According to recent reviews of the literature, repeated exposure to violent video games can make someone more aggressive and less empathic. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  the negative consequence of habituation. 
B)  rank-order change. 
C)  becoming less consistent. 
D)  effective classical conditioning. 
A)  the negative consequence of habituation. 
B)  rank-order change. 
C)  becoming less consistent. 
D)  effective classical conditioning.

Question 17

An individual who experiences powerful feelings of both joy and sadness would score high on what personality dimension?

Accepted Answer

A)  neuroticism 
B)  affect variability 
C)  affect intensity 
D)  affect instability 
A)  neuroticism 
B)  affect variability 
C)  affect intensity 
D)  affect instability

Question 18

What idiographic goal term refers to long-term goals that organize broad areas of a person's life?

Accepted Answer

A)  current concerns 
B)  personal projects 
C)  development goals 
D)  personal strivings 
A)  current concerns 
B)  personal projects 
C)  development goals 
D)  personal strivings

Question 19

Rosie has recently been rejected from several graduate school programs. In response, she works on the weak aspects of her application and intends to gain experience and reapply the following year. Rosie is high in ________ motivation.

Accepted Answer

A)  power 
B)  affiliation 
C)  achievement 
D)  developmental 
A)  power 
B)  affiliation 
C)  achievement 
D)  developmental

Question 20

Match each definition with its type of goal.
-Judgment goals

Accepted Answer

A) Goals that everyone has 
B) Goals to improve oneself 
C) Goals that are long term and can organize broad areas of a person's life 
D) Goals that are specific to the individual 
E) Goals to validate an attribute in oneself 
A) Goals that everyone has 
B) Goals to improve oneself 
C) Goals that are long term and can organize broad areas of a person's life 
D) Goals that are specific to the individual 
E) Goals to validate an attribute in oneself

Your is how you see yourself, whereas your is what you think you are capable of accomplishing.

Grant is up against a deadline and fears he will not have enough time to do all he needs to do for it. In response, he makes a list of everything he needs to do in order of priority and gradually completes each task. Grant is practicing high

Mrs. Garcia often invites her family and friends to her house for lunches and parties. She is also involved with the people in her church group and in the Parent-Teacher Association at her child's school. According to McClelland's view of motivations, Mrs. Garcia is high in ________ motivation.

Match each definition with its type of goal. -Development goals

What term is used to describe a good result that follows a particular behavior?

Based on recent research regarding the ability to forecast emotional reactions to major events, people tend to

According to Mischel, every individual's if … then pattern of contingencies is unique and comprises his

When Zajonc famously said, "preferences need no inferences" with respect to emotion, what was he really arguing?

A person with a judgment goal will respond to failure with a(n) ________ pattern of behavior.

It has been suggested that chronic anxiety is the result of

Which of the following theoretical models describes the relationship between views of the world and particular goals?

Which of the following represent the MOST common types of nomothetic goals?

According to Mischel's theorizing, which of the following methods would be the best way to stop yourself from eating a piece of delicious chocolate cake?

Describe the development of social learning theory and what makes it distinct from classical behaviorism.

Why do behaviorists believe that useful information only comes from direct observation?

According to recent reviews of the literature, repeated exposure to violent video games can make someone more aggressive and less empathic. This is an example of

An individual who experiences powerful feelings of both joy and sadness would score high on what personality dimension?

What idiographic goal term refers to long-term goals that organize broad areas of a person's life?

Rosie has recently been rejected from several graduate school programs. In response, she works on the weak aspects of her application and intends to gain experience and reapply the following year. Rosie is high in ________ motivation.

Match each definition with its type of goal. -Judgment goals

The Study of the Person

Personality Research Methods

Personality Assessment: Effect Size, Replicability, and Open Science

Persons and Situations

Personality Judgment

Traits and Types: the Big Five and Beyond

Personality Stability, Development, and Change

The Anatomy and Physiology of Personality

Genetics and Evolution: the Inheritance of Personality

Basics of Psychoanalysis

Psychoanalysis After Freud: Neo-Freudians, Object Relations, and Current Research

Humanistic Psychology, Positive Psychology, and the Science of Happiness

Cultural Variation in Experience, Behavior, and Personality

The Self: What You Know About You

Relationships and Business

Mental and Physical Health

What Have We Learned

Filters

Exam 14: Personality Processes: Learning, Motivation, Emotion, and Thinking

Your ________ is how you see yourself, whereas your ________ is what you think you are capable of accomplishing.

Grant is up against a deadline and fears he will not have enough time to do all he needs to do for it. In response, he makes a list of everything he needs to do in order of priority and gradually completes each task. Grant is practicing high

Mrs. Garcia often invites her family and friends to her house for lunches and parties. She is also involved with the people in her church group and in the Parent-Teacher Association at her child's school. According to McClelland's view of motivations, Mrs. Garcia is high in ________ motivation.

Match each definition with its type of goal. -Development goals

What term is used to describe a good result that follows a particular behavior?

Based on recent research regarding the ability to forecast emotional reactions to major events, people tend to

According to Mischel, every individual's if … then pattern of contingencies is unique and comprises his

When Zajonc famously said, "preferences need no inferences" with respect to emotion, what was he really arguing?

A person with a judgment goal will respond to failure with a(n) ________ pattern of behavior.

It has been suggested that chronic anxiety is the result of

Which of the following theoretical models describes the relationship between views of the world and particular goals?

Which of the following represent the MOST common types of nomothetic goals?

According to Mischel's theorizing, which of the following methods would be the best way to stop yourself from eating a piece of delicious chocolate cake?

Describe the development of social learning theory and what makes it distinct from classical behaviorism.

Why do behaviorists believe that useful information only comes from direct observation?

According to recent reviews of the literature, repeated exposure to violent video games can make someone more aggressive and less empathic. This is an example of

An individual who experiences powerful feelings of both joy and sadness would score high on what personality dimension?

What idiographic goal term refers to long-term goals that organize broad areas of a person's life?

Rosie has recently been rejected from several graduate school programs. In response, she works on the weak aspects of her application and intends to gain experience and reapply the following year. Rosie is high in ________ motivation.

Match each definition with its type of goal. -Judgment goals

The Study of the Person

Personality Research Methods

Personality Assessment: Effect Size, Replicability, and Open Science

Persons and Situations

Personality Judgment

Traits and Types: the Big Five and Beyond

Personality Stability, Development, and Change

The Anatomy and Physiology of Personality

Genetics and Evolution: the Inheritance of Personality

Basics of Psychoanalysis

Psychoanalysis After Freud: Neo-Freudians, Object Relations, and Current Research

Humanistic Psychology, Positive Psychology, and the Science of Happiness

Cultural Variation in Experience, Behavior, and Personality

The Self: What You Know About You

Relationships and Business

Mental and Physical Health

What Have We Learned

Filters

Your is how you see yourself, whereas your is what you think you are capable of accomplishing.