Question 1

Which of the following is a description of a plaque?

Accepted Answer

A) A viral particle as seen by electron microscopy. 
B) A region of dead cells in a monolayer of infected cells. 
C) A skin lesion caused by a virus infection in an animal. 
D) A button of red blood cells seen in a hemagglutination assay. 
E) A region of crystallized virus particles in an infected cell. 
A) A viral particle as seen by electron microscopy. 
B) A region of dead cells in a monolayer of infected cells. 
C) A skin lesion caused by a virus infection in an animal. 
D) A button of red blood cells seen in a hemagglutination assay. 
E) A region of crystallized virus particles in an infected cell. B

Question 2

What is another term for an RNA-dependent-DNA-polymerase?

Accepted Answer

A) DNA polymerase 
B) RNA polymerase II 
C) RNA replicase 
D) RNA transcriptase 
E) Reverse transcriptase 
A) DNA polymerase 
B) RNA polymerase II 
C) RNA replicase 
D) RNA transcriptase 
E) Reverse transcriptase E

Question 3

The study of which group of viruses led to the discovery of cellular genes that can promoter cancer in animal cells?

Accepted Answer

A) papillomaviruses 
B) retroviruses 
C) adneoviruses 
D) polyomaviruses 
E) picornaviruses 
A) papillomaviruses 
B) retroviruses 
C) adneoviruses 
D) polyomaviruses 
E) picornaviruses B

Question 4

What does the word "virus" mean in Latin?

Accepted Answer

A) infectious agent 
B) liquid 
C) poison 
D) death 
E) disease 
A) infectious agent 
B) liquid 
C) poison 
D) death 
E) disease

Question 5

All viruses that use a negative-sense RNA genome must package which of the following proteins in their virion?

Accepted Answer

A) RNA-dependent-RNA-polymerase 
B) matrix protein 
C) RNA helicase 
D) RNA methylase 
E) scaffolding protein 
A) RNA-dependent-RNA-polymerase 
B) matrix protein 
C) RNA helicase 
D) RNA methylase 
E) scaffolding protein

Question 6

The particle to plaque ratio for most animal viruses is much greater than one.What are the reasons why not 100% of animal virus particles,as seen under the electron microscope,can productively infect cells?

Accepted Answer

Not all virus particles as seen under th

Question 7

Most DNA viruses that replicate in the nucleus of the host cell use which of the following to transcribe their genes into mRNA?

Accepted Answer

A) cellular DNA-dependent-RNA polymerase 
B) viral DNA-dependent-RNA polymerase 
C) viral DNA-dependent-DNA polymerase 
D) cellular DNA-dependent-DNA polymerase 
E) viral RNA-dependent-DNA polymerase 
A) cellular DNA-dependent-RNA polymerase 
B) viral DNA-dependent-RNA polymerase 
C) viral DNA-dependent-DNA polymerase 
D) cellular DNA-dependent-DNA polymerase 
E) viral RNA-dependent-DNA polymerase

Question 8

The common cold can be caused by viruses from three different families,some of which have RNA genomes and some of which have DNA genomes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following terms describes the protein shell that surrounds the viral genome?

Accepted Answer

A) capsid 
B) envelope 
C) matrix 
D) virion 
E) capsomere 
A) capsid 
B) envelope 
C) matrix 
D) virion 
E) capsomere

Question 10

Plant viruses use which cellular structures to spread between host cells?

Accepted Answer

A) endosomes 
B) plasmodesmata 
C) plasma membranes 
D) vesicles 
E) receptors 
A) endosomes 
B) plasmodesmata 
C) plasma membranes 
D) vesicles 
E) receptors

Question 11

You are given a solution of virus and asked to determine the titer.You carry out a plaque assay with 0.5mls of a 105 dilution of the virus solution and obtain an average of 150 plaques.What is the titer of the solution?

Accepted Answer

A) 1)5 x 105 pfu/ml 
B) 3 x 105 pfu/ml 
C) 1)5 x 107 pfu/ml 
D) 3 x 107 pfu/ml 
E) 1)5 x 108 pfu/ml 
A) 1)5 x 105 pfu/ml 
B) 3 x 105 pfu/ml 
C) 1)5 x 107 pfu/ml 
D) 3 x 107 pfu/ml 
E) 1)5 x 108 pfu/ml

Question 12

The development of which of the following instruments or techniques in the 1930's allowed scientists to visualize viral particles for the first time?

Accepted Answer

A) polymerase chain reaction 
B) electron microscope 
C) confocal microscope 
D) thermal cycler 
E) plaque assay 
A) polymerase chain reaction 
B) electron microscope 
C) confocal microscope 
D) thermal cycler 
E) plaque assay

Question 13

Which of the following processes in cells was NOT discovered by studying a virus?

Accepted Answer

A) the sequence of the genetic code. 
B) DNA replication in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells 
C) DNA is the genetic material 
D) regulation of gene expression in eukaryotic cells. 
E) mRNA splicing in eukaryotic cells 
A) the sequence of the genetic code. 
B) DNA replication in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells 
C) DNA is the genetic material 
D) regulation of gene expression in eukaryotic cells. 
E) mRNA splicing in eukaryotic cells

Question 14

If the genome of a positive-strand RNA virus,which has been purified away from all of the virion proteins,was injected into the cytoplasm of an appropriate host cell,what would happen first?

Accepted Answer

A) The genome would be copied into complementary negative RNA. 
B) The genome would be translated by cellular ribosome's. 
C) The genome would be transcribed by a cellular RNA-dependent-RNA-polymerase. 
D) The genome would be transcribed by a viral RNA-dependent-RNA-polymerase. 
E) None of the above. 
A) The genome would be copied into complementary negative RNA. 
B) The genome would be translated by cellular ribosome's. 
C) The genome would be transcribed by a cellular RNA-dependent-RNA-polymerase. 
D) The genome would be transcribed by a viral RNA-dependent-RNA-polymerase. 
E) None of the above.

Question 15

The Baltimore classification system describes the relationship between a viral genome and the:

Accepted Answer

A) the complementary genome sequence. 
B) early viral proteins. 
C) early mRNAs. 
D) cellular polymerases. 
E) Latin classification system. 
A) the complementary genome sequence. 
B) early viral proteins. 
C) early mRNAs. 
D) cellular polymerases. 
E) Latin classification system.

Question 16

The word "phage" is a shortened version of the name of a virus that can infect which type of organism?

Accepted Answer

A) bacterial cell 
B) human cell 
C) eukaryotic cell 
D) plant cell 
E) inset cell 
A) bacterial cell 
B) human cell 
C) eukaryotic cell 
D) plant cell 
E) inset cell

Question 17

Phages,viruses that can infect bacterial cells,may someday be used to treat bacterial infections.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The major advantage of a hemagglutination assay to measure the amount of virus particles in a solution is that it is very accurate.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which of the following would not be a nucleic acid form found in a viral genome?

Accepted Answer

A) dsDNA 
B) ssDNA 
C) dsRNA 
D) ssRNA 
E) an RNA:DNA hybrid 
A) dsDNA 
B) ssDNA 
C) dsRNA 
D) ssRNA 
E) an RNA:DNA hybrid

Question 20

If the genome of a negative-strand RNA virus,which has been purified away from all of the virion proteins,was injected into the cytoplasm of an appropriate host cell,what would happen first?

Accepted Answer

A) The genome would be copied into complementary negative RNA. 
B) The genome would be translated by cellular ribosome's. 
C) The genome would be transcribed by a cellular RNA-dependent-RNA-polymerase. 
D) The genome would be transcribed by a viral RNA-dependent-RNA-polymerase. 
E) None of the above. 
A) The genome would be copied into complementary negative RNA. 
B) The genome would be translated by cellular ribosome's. 
C) The genome would be transcribed by a cellular RNA-dependent-RNA-polymerase. 
D) The genome would be transcribed by a viral RNA-dependent-RNA-polymerase. 
E) None of the above.

Exam 1: Introduction to Virology 2

Which of the following is a description of a plaque?

What is another term for an RNA-dependent-DNA-polymerase?

The study of which group of viruses led to the discovery of cellular genes that can promoter cancer in animal cells?

What does the word "virus" mean in Latin?

All viruses that use a negative-sense RNA genome must package which of the following proteins in their virion?

The particle to plaque ratio for most animal viruses is much greater than one.What are the reasons why not 100% of animal virus particles,as seen under the electron microscope,can productively infect cells?

Most DNA viruses that replicate in the nucleus of the host cell use which of the following to transcribe their genes into mRNA?

The common cold can be caused by viruses from three different families,some of which have RNA genomes and some of which have DNA genomes.

Which of the following terms describes the protein shell that surrounds the viral genome?

Plant viruses use which cellular structures to spread between host cells?

You are given a solution of virus and asked to determine the titer.You carry out a plaque assay with 0.5mls of a 105 dilution of the virus solution and obtain an average of 150 plaques.What is the titer of the solution?

The development of which of the following instruments or techniques in the 1930's allowed scientists to visualize viral particles for the first time?

Which of the following processes in cells was NOT discovered by studying a virus?

If the genome of a positive-strand RNA virus,which has been purified away from all of the virion proteins,was injected into the cytoplasm of an appropriate host cell,what would happen first?

The Baltimore classification system describes the relationship between a viral genome and the:

The word "phage" is a shortened version of the name of a virus that can infect which type of organism?

Phages,viruses that can infect bacterial cells,may someday be used to treat bacterial infections.

The major advantage of a hemagglutination assay to measure the amount of virus particles in a solution is that it is very accurate.

Which of the following would not be a nucleic acid form found in a viral genome?

If the genome of a negative-strand RNA virus,which has been purified away from all of the virion proteins,was injected into the cytoplasm of an appropriate host cell,what would happen first?

Virus Structure and Assembly

Virus Classification: the World of Viruses

Virus Entry

Single-Stranded Rna Bacteriophages

Microviruses

Bacteriophage

Bacteriophage Lambda

Viruses of Archaea

Cucumber Mosaic Virus

Picornaviruses

Flaviviruses

Togaviruses

Coronaviruses

Paramyxoviruses and Rhabdoviruses

Filovirouses

Bunyaviruses

Influenza Viruses

Reoviruses

Parvoviruses

Polyomaviruses

Papillomaviruses

Adenoviruses

Herpesviruses

Baculoviruses

Poxviruses

Viruses of Algae and Mimivirus

Retroviruses

Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Hepadnaviruses

Viroids and Hepatitis Delta Virus

Prions

Intrinsic Cellular Defenses Against Virus Infection

Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses to Virus Infection

Antiviral Vaccines

Antiviral Chemotherapy

Eukaryotic Virus Vectors

Filters

You are given a solution of virus and asked to determine the titer.You carry out a plaque assay with 0.5mls of a 10⁵ dilution of the virus solution and obtain an average of 150 plaques.What is the titer of the solution?