Exam 1: Introduction to Criminal Justice Research Methods: Theory and Method

Which of the following refers to a specific statement or prediction regarding the relationship between two variables?

Which of the following refers to the predictor variable X);precedes in time and causes change in the dependent variable?

Who described how the evolution of new knowledge,rather than being slow and incremental,is often dependent upon new paradigms that may stand previous assumptions on their heads?

Which of the following refers to operationalization and numerical measurement of variables?

Explore the many online resources available to students and provide the URL for at least 10 of these sites.

Which of the following refers to concepts that can vary or take on different numerical values?

Hirschi and Stark's "Hellfire and Delinquency" found a very weak relationship between church attendance and non-delinquency.

Methodology involves the collection of hypotheses and/or data regarding the nature of crime and criminal justice.

Which of the following describes confirmation of the accuracy of findings?

The 'independent variable' is also known as the 'outcome variable'.

Who offered the notion that the purpose of research it to gain a qualitative understanding of phenomena from the perspective of the subjects;also referred to as verstehen?

The __________ variable is also known as the predictor variable.

Discuss Bayley's offerings for improving criminal justice research.

Pure research is the acquisition of knowledge for science's sake;acquisition of knowledge that contributes to the scientific development of a discipline.

__________ is the fanatical adherence to a preferred method at the expense of substance.

Which of the following is a model or schema that provides a perspective from which to view reality?

__________ is the confirmation of the accuracy of findings;attainment of greater certitude in conclusions through additional observations.

__________ is the operationalization and numerical measurement of variables.

Which of the following is described as being the language of research?

__________ is research for the purpose of developing 'sensitizing concepts" and verstehen rather than quantitative measurement.