Question 1

The most salient factor in determining the value of a theory is its ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  internal coherence 
B)  economy 
C)  fertility 
D)  predictive accuracy 
A)  internal coherence 
B)  economy 
C)  fertility 
D)  predictive accuracy

Question 2

Who was the first African American to be elected president of the American Psychological Association?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gilbert Jones 
B)  William James 
C)  Robert Scott 
D)  Kenneth Clark 
A)  Gilbert Jones 
B)  William James 
C)  Robert Scott 
D)  Kenneth Clark

Question 3

A disadvantage of using observational methods is ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the ethical problem of invading others' privacy 
B)  the lack of experimental control 
C)  the effect of the researcher's participation on participants' behavior 
D)  All of the above 
A)  the ethical problem of invading others' privacy 
B)  the lack of experimental control 
C)  the effect of the researcher's participation on participants' behavior 
D)  All of the above

Question 4

During Freud's reign,sexual drives were emphasized to explain personality.Today,many psychoanalysts deemphasize sexual desires,and instead,focus on what area to explain personality?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cultural experiences 
B)  Reward and punishment 
C)  The innate capacity for personal growth 
D)  Conscious choice 
A)  Cultural experiences 
B)  Reward and punishment 
C)  The innate capacity for personal growth 
D)  Conscious choice

Question 5

Which was the research method Sigmund Freud used predominantly in his work?

Accepted Answer

A)  Participant observation 
B)  Naturalistic observation 
C)  Case study 
D)  Questionnaire 
A)  Participant observation 
B)  Naturalistic observation 
C)  Case study 
D)  Questionnaire

Question 6

According to evolutionary theory,which of the following statements is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Individual organisms do not evolve. 
B)  Natural selection doesn't lead to evolutionary changes. 
C)  Natural selection does lead to evolutionary changes. 
D)  Individuals play a role in evolution by their own successes or failures in reproducing. 
A)  Individual organisms do not evolve. 
B)  Natural selection doesn't lead to evolutionary changes. 
C)  Natural selection does lead to evolutionary changes. 
D)  Individuals play a role in evolution by their own successes or failures in reproducing.

Question 7

What psychological perspective is based on the principle of natural selection?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sociocultural perspective 
B)  Cognitive psychology 
C)  Evolutionary perspective 
D)  Naturalistic perspective 
A)  Sociocultural perspective 
B)  Cognitive psychology 
C)  Evolutionary perspective 
D)  Naturalistic perspective

Question 8

Sigmund Freud was actually not a psychologist.In which of the following did he formally receive training?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neurology 
B)  Psychiatry 
C)  Pharmacy 
D)  Radiology 
A)  Neurology 
B)  Psychiatry 
C)  Pharmacy 
D)  Radiology

Question 9

What is the new scientific approach to studying optimal human functioning that asserts that the normal functioning of human beings cannot be accounted for within purely negative (or problem-focused)frames of reference?

Accepted Answer

A)  Humanistic psychology 
B)  Gestalt psychology 
C)  Cognitive psychology 
D)  Positive psychology 
A)  Humanistic psychology 
B)  Gestalt psychology 
C)  Cognitive psychology 
D)  Positive psychology

Question 10

Which psychological approach was questioned by John Watson?

Accepted Answer

A)  The structure,content,and function of the mind are the proper focus of scientific inquiry. 
B)  Psychology should study observable behavior rather than hidden psychological processes. 
C)  Experimenting is the only way to study behavior. 
D)  All of the above 
A)  The structure,content,and function of the mind are the proper focus of scientific inquiry. 
B)  Psychology should study observable behavior rather than hidden psychological processes. 
C)  Experimenting is the only way to study behavior. 
D)  All of the above

Question 11

____ contended that all knowledge should be expressed in terms that can be verified empirically or through direct observation.

Accepted Answer

A)  Model of consciousness 
B)  Logical positivism 
C)  Psychoanalysis 
D)  Scientific inquiry 
A)  Model of consciousness 
B)  Logical positivism 
C)  Psychoanalysis 
D)  Scientific inquiry

Question 12

As a graduate student,you assist a psychologist studying Alzheimer's disease by grafting rat brain fetus tissue into the brains of elderly rats to see if there is a change in the older rats.What type of psychologist are you most likely working with?

Accepted Answer

A)  Experimental psychologist 
B)  Developmental psychologist 
C)  Cognitive psychologist 
D)  Neuroscientist 
A)  Experimental psychologist 
B)  Developmental psychologist 
C)  Cognitive psychologist 
D)  Neuroscientist

Question 13

From what country was Sigmund Freud?

Accepted Answer

A)  Belgium 
B)  Germany 
C)  Austria 
D)  England 
A)  Belgium 
B)  Germany 
C)  Austria 
D)  England

Question 14

Who is identified by most historians as the "world's first psychologist"?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sigmund Freud 
B)  William James 
C)  James Watson 
D)  Wilhelm Wundt 
A)  Sigmund Freud 
B)  William James 
C)  James Watson 
D)  Wilhelm Wundt

Question 15

Which approach to psychology studies how the conscious mind helps humans survive and successfully adapt to their environment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Functionalism 
B)  Analysis 
C)  Behaviorism 
D)  Structuralism 
A)  Functionalism 
B)  Analysis 
C)  Behaviorism 
D)  Structuralism

Question 16

William Dement developed the ____ that dreaming is a fundamental requirement for all humans.Based on this general idea,he developed the specific ____ that if people were not allowed to dream one night,they would make up for this deficit by increasing their dream time on subsequent nights.

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothesis;theory 
B)  theory;hypothesis 
C)  naturalistic observation;hypothesis 
D)  theory;naturalistic observation 
A)  hypothesis;theory 
B)  theory;hypothesis 
C)  naturalistic observation;hypothesis 
D)  theory;naturalistic observation

Question 17

What is the theoretical goal of psychology according to early behaviorists?

Accepted Answer

A)  Prediction and control of behavior 
B)  Analyzing the structure,content,and function of the mind 
C)  Identifying the complex components of the conscious mind 
D)  Defining the behavioral differences between man and animal responses 
A)  Prediction and control of behavior 
B)  Analyzing the structure,content,and function of the mind 
C)  Identifying the complex components of the conscious mind 
D)  Defining the behavioral differences between man and animal responses

Question 18

What is structuralism?

Accepted Answer

A)  Theory that sought to identify the components of the conscious mind 
B)  Theory that sought to identify the structures of the brain 
C)  Theory that sought to identify the factors implicated in the unconscious mind 
D)  Theory that sought to identify the organization and mapping of the brain 
A)  Theory that sought to identify the components of the conscious mind 
B)  Theory that sought to identify the structures of the brain 
C)  Theory that sought to identify the factors implicated in the unconscious mind 
D)  Theory that sought to identify the organization and mapping of the brain

Question 19

Mary Calkins was a student of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  William James 
B)  William Dement 
C)  Sigmund Freud 
D)  Wilhelm Wundt 
A)  William James 
B)  William Dement 
C)  Sigmund Freud 
D)  Wilhelm Wundt

Question 20

What is most central to the process of natural selection?

Accepted Answer

A)  Inherited traits 
B)  Reproduction 
C)  Genetic changes 
D)  Environmental factors 
A)  Inherited traits 
B)  Reproduction 
C)  Genetic changes 
D)  Environmental factors

The most salient factor in determining the value of a theory is its ____.

Who was the first African American to be elected president of the American Psychological Association?

A disadvantage of using observational methods is ____.

During Freud's reign,sexual drives were emphasized to explain personality.Today,many psychoanalysts deemphasize sexual desires,and instead,focus on what area to explain personality?

Which was the research method Sigmund Freud used predominantly in his work?

According to evolutionary theory,which of the following statements is false?

What psychological perspective is based on the principle of natural selection?

Sigmund Freud was actually not a psychologist.In which of the following did he formally receive training?

What is the new scientific approach to studying optimal human functioning that asserts that the normal functioning of human beings cannot be accounted for within purely negative (or problem-focused)frames of reference?

Which psychological approach was questioned by John Watson?

____ contended that all knowledge should be expressed in terms that can be verified empirically or through direct observation.

As a graduate student,you assist a psychologist studying Alzheimer's disease by grafting rat brain fetus tissue into the brains of elderly rats to see if there is a change in the older rats.What type of psychologist are you most likely working with?

From what country was Sigmund Freud?

Who is identified by most historians as the "world's first psychologist"?

Which approach to psychology studies how the conscious mind helps humans survive and successfully adapt to their environment?

William Dement developed the that dreaming is a fundamental requirement for all humans.Based on this general idea,he developed the specific that if people were not allowed to dream one night,they would make up for this deficit by increasing their dream time on subsequent nights.

What is the theoretical goal of psychology according to early behaviorists?

What is structuralism?

Mary Calkins was a student of ____.

What is most central to the process of natural selection?

Neural and Genetic Bases of Behavior

Human Development

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Language, thinking, and Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Personality

Psychological Disorders and Their Treatment

Stress, coping, and Health

Social Behavior

Filters

Exam 1: Psychology As a Science

The most salient factor in determining the value of a theory is its ____.

Who was the first African American to be elected president of the American Psychological Association?

A disadvantage of using observational methods is ____.

During Freud's reign,sexual drives were emphasized to explain personality.Today,many psychoanalysts deemphasize sexual desires,and instead,focus on what area to explain personality?

Which was the research method Sigmund Freud used predominantly in his work?

According to evolutionary theory,which of the following statements is false?

What psychological perspective is based on the principle of natural selection?

Sigmund Freud was actually not a psychologist.In which of the following did he formally receive training?

What is the new scientific approach to studying optimal human functioning that asserts that the normal functioning of human beings cannot be accounted for within purely negative (or problem-focused)frames of reference?

Which psychological approach was questioned by John Watson?

____ contended that all knowledge should be expressed in terms that can be verified empirically or through direct observation.

As a graduate student,you assist a psychologist studying Alzheimer's disease by grafting rat brain fetus tissue into the brains of elderly rats to see if there is a change in the older rats.What type of psychologist are you most likely working with?

From what country was Sigmund Freud?

Who is identified by most historians as the "world's first psychologist"?

Which approach to psychology studies how the conscious mind helps humans survive and successfully adapt to their environment?

William Dement developed the ____ that dreaming is a fundamental requirement for all humans.Based on this general idea,he developed the specific ____ that if people were not allowed to dream one night,they would make up for this deficit by increasing their dream time on subsequent nights.

What is the theoretical goal of psychology according to early behaviorists?

What is structuralism?

Mary Calkins was a student of ____.

What is most central to the process of natural selection?

Neural and Genetic Bases of Behavior

Human Development

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Language, thinking, and Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Personality

Psychological Disorders and Their Treatment

Stress, coping, and Health

Social Behavior

Filters

William Dement developed the that dreaming is a fundamental requirement for all humans.Based on this general idea,he developed the specific that if people were not allowed to dream one night,they would make up for this deficit by increasing their dream time on subsequent nights.