Question 1

An observational method that investigates behavior in its natural environment is ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the correlational method 
B)  naturalistic observation 
C)  experimental method 
D)  meta-analysis 
A)  the correlational method 
B)  naturalistic observation 
C)  experimental method 
D)  meta-analysis

Question 2

Which of the following was John Watson's assertion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Psychology should study observable behavior rather than hidden psychological processes. 
B)  The structure,content,and function of the mind are the proper focus of scientific inquiry. 
C)  Experimenting would answer many questions in psychology. 
D)  Understanding the human body would help in understanding the human mind. 
A)  Psychology should study observable behavior rather than hidden psychological processes. 
B)  The structure,content,and function of the mind are the proper focus of scientific inquiry. 
C)  Experimenting would answer many questions in psychology. 
D)  Understanding the human body would help in understanding the human mind.

Question 3

Which of the following psychologists do not most often work in mental health centers,schools,industries,governmental agencies,or private practice?

Accepted Answer

A)  Counseling psychologists 
B)  Industrial-organizational psychologists 
C)  Social psychologists 
D)  Educational psychologists 
A)  Counseling psychologists 
B)  Industrial-organizational psychologists 
C)  Social psychologists 
D)  Educational psychologists

Question 4

You are the toughest,meanest male in your species and all the girls love you.Which phenomenon explains this?

Accepted Answer

A)  Natural selection 
B)  Evolution 
C)  Cultural selection 
D)  Social acceptance 
A)  Natural selection 
B)  Evolution 
C)  Cultural selection 
D)  Social acceptance

Question 5

Why was Freud's theory in sharp contrast to the theories of Wundt and James?

Accepted Answer

A)  Freud's theory was based on the components of the conscious mind. 
B)  Freud's theory was based on observable behaviors. 
C)  Freud's theory was based on unconscious motives and sexual desires. 
D)  Freud's theory was based on the influence of biological determinants. 
A)  Freud's theory was based on the components of the conscious mind. 
B)  Freud's theory was based on observable behaviors. 
C)  Freud's theory was based on unconscious motives and sexual desires. 
D)  Freud's theory was based on the influence of biological determinants.

Question 6

The theory of operant conditioning explains the probability of a behavioral response using the minimum number of principles or concepts.This is an indication of the theory's ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  predictive accuracy 
B)  internal coherence 
C)  economy 
D)  fertility 
A)  predictive accuracy 
B)  internal coherence 
C)  economy 
D)  fertility

Question 7

Your roommate believes that psychology should focus on helping individuals better use their inborn capacity to personally grow and make choices.Which contemporary perspective shares your roommate's view?

Accepted Answer

A)  Psychoanalytic perspective 
B)  Gestalt perspective 
C)  Sociocultural perspective 
D)  Humanistic perspective 
A)  Psychoanalytic perspective 
B)  Gestalt perspective 
C)  Sociocultural perspective 
D)  Humanistic perspective

Question 8

Experimental research is used in psychology ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  to examine relationships between naturally occurring variables 
B)  to examine cause-and-effect relationships 
C)  only during the initial stages of studying a phenomenon 
D)  to provide an in-depth analysis of a single subject 
A)  to examine relationships between naturally occurring variables 
B)  to examine cause-and-effect relationships 
C)  only during the initial stages of studying a phenomenon 
D)  to provide an in-depth analysis of a single subject

Question 9

Suppose that a researcher determined that the correlation between intelligence and creativity was 0.59.An appropriate interpretation of this correlation would be that ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  people with high intelligence also tend to be highly creative 
B)  highly intelligent people are generally not very creative 
C)  highly intelligent people are less creative 
D)  there is no relationship between these two variables 
A)  people with high intelligence also tend to be highly creative 
B)  highly intelligent people are generally not very creative 
C)  highly intelligent people are less creative 
D)  there is no relationship between these two variables

Question 10

The task of science is "not the dull and easy job of showing that a fixed hypothesis is right or wrong in a given context.… Science has the more exciting task of discovering in what senses the hypothesis and its theoretical explanations are true and in what senses false." Who said this?

Accepted Answer

A)  William Dement 
B)  Sigmund Freud 
C)  William McGuire 
D)  Aristotle 
A)  William Dement 
B)  Sigmund Freud 
C)  William McGuire 
D)  Aristotle

Question 11

The four stages of the research process are ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  selecting a topic,breaking the topic down into its components,researching the most current literature on the topic,and reporting results 
B)  selecting a topic,collecting data,analyzing data,and reporting results 
C)  selecting a topic,collecting and analyzing data,developing a theory based on data collection and analysis,and reporting results 
D)  selecting a topic,formulating a hypothesis,selecting a scientific method,and collecting and analyzing data 
A)  selecting a topic,breaking the topic down into its components,researching the most current literature on the topic,and reporting results 
B)  selecting a topic,collecting data,analyzing data,and reporting results 
C)  selecting a topic,collecting and analyzing data,developing a theory based on data collection and analysis,and reporting results 
D)  selecting a topic,formulating a hypothesis,selecting a scientific method,and collecting and analyzing data

Question 12

Every species on the planet is undergoing some sort of evolution,even though the speed of the process differs substantially across species.Species that experience ____ change in their environment tend to evolve ____ than other species,on average.

Accepted Answer

A)  considerable;faster 
B)  little;faster 
C)  considerable;slower 
D)  little;slower 
A)  considerable;faster 
B)  little;faster 
C)  considerable;slower 
D)  little;slower

Question 13

Which of the following types of psychologists is most likely to study how people mature and change physically,cognitively,and socially throughout the life span?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gerontology psychologists 
B)  Cognitive psychologists 
C)  Comparative psychologists 
D)  Developmental psychologists 
A)  Gerontology psychologists 
B)  Cognitive psychologists 
C)  Comparative psychologists 
D)  Developmental psychologists

Question 14

What method was used by structuralists to understand conscious experiences?

Accepted Answer

A)  Experimentation 
B)  Perception 
C)  Introspection 
D)  Intuition 
A)  Experimentation 
B)  Perception 
C)  Introspection 
D)  Intuition

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT one of the four factors that make a good theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Predictive accuracy 
B)  Internal coherence 
C)  Complexity 
D)  Economy 
A)  Predictive accuracy 
B)  Internal coherence 
C)  Complexity 
D)  Economy

Question 16

The condition in an experiment where participants are exposed to different levels of the independent variable is called the ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  control condition 
B)  experimental condition 
C)  random condition 
D)  dependent condition 
A)  control condition 
B)  experimental condition 
C)  random condition 
D)  dependent condition

Question 17

A hypothesis is ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  organized systems of ideas that seek to explain why two or more events are related 
B)  an educated guess or prediction about the nature of things based upon a theory. 
C)  mathematical analyses that move beyond mere description of research data to make inferences about a population 
D)  mathematical analyses that summarize and describe the behavior or characteristics of a particular sample of participants 
A)  organized systems of ideas that seek to explain why two or more events are related 
B)  an educated guess or prediction about the nature of things based upon a theory. 
C)  mathematical analyses that move beyond mere description of research data to make inferences about a population 
D)  mathematical analyses that summarize and describe the behavior or characteristics of a particular sample of participants

Question 18

What is the term we use to describe the genetic changes that occur in a species over generations due to natural selection?

Accepted Answer

A)  Reproduction 
B)  Evolution 
C)  Probabilistic determinism 
D)  Gestaltism 
A)  Reproduction 
B)  Evolution 
C)  Probabilistic determinism 
D)  Gestaltism

Question 19

"All human behavior is determined by hidden or unconscious motives and desires that are sexual in nature." Who proposed this concept?

Accepted Answer

A)  William Dement 
B)  Wilhelm Wundt 
C)  William James 
D)  Sigmund Freud 
A)  William Dement 
B)  Wilhelm Wundt 
C)  William James 
D)  Sigmund Freud

Question 20

Identify the method used by Sigmund Freud to develop his approach to psychology.

Accepted Answer

A)  Observation 
B)  Clinical practice 
C)  Teaching 
D)  Survey research 
A)  Observation 
B)  Clinical practice 
C)  Teaching 
D)  Survey research

An observational method that investigates behavior in its natural environment is ____.

Which of the following was John Watson's assertion?

Which of the following psychologists do not most often work in mental health centers,schools,industries,governmental agencies,or private practice?

You are the toughest,meanest male in your species and all the girls love you.Which phenomenon explains this?

Why was Freud's theory in sharp contrast to the theories of Wundt and James?

The theory of operant conditioning explains the probability of a behavioral response using the minimum number of principles or concepts.This is an indication of the theory's ____.

Your roommate believes that psychology should focus on helping individuals better use their inborn capacity to personally grow and make choices.Which contemporary perspective shares your roommate's view?

Experimental research is used in psychology ____.

Suppose that a researcher determined that the correlation between intelligence and creativity was 0.59.An appropriate interpretation of this correlation would be that ____.

The task of science is "not the dull and easy job of showing that a fixed hypothesis is right or wrong in a given context.… Science has the more exciting task of discovering in what senses the hypothesis and its theoretical explanations are true and in what senses false." Who said this?

The four stages of the research process are ____.

Every species on the planet is undergoing some sort of evolution,even though the speed of the process differs substantially across species.Species that experience change in their environment tend to evolve than other species,on average.

Which of the following types of psychologists is most likely to study how people mature and change physically,cognitively,and socially throughout the life span?

What method was used by structuralists to understand conscious experiences?

Which of the following is NOT one of the four factors that make a good theory?

The condition in an experiment where participants are exposed to different levels of the independent variable is called the ____.

A hypothesis is ____.

What is the term we use to describe the genetic changes that occur in a species over generations due to natural selection?

"All human behavior is determined by hidden or unconscious motives and desires that are sexual in nature." Who proposed this concept?

Identify the method used by Sigmund Freud to develop his approach to psychology.

Neural and Genetic Bases of Behavior

Human Development

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Language, thinking, and Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Personality

Psychological Disorders and Their Treatment

Stress, coping, and Health

Social Behavior

Filters

Exam 1: Psychology As a Science

An observational method that investigates behavior in its natural environment is ____.

Which of the following was John Watson's assertion?

Which of the following psychologists do not most often work in mental health centers,schools,industries,governmental agencies,or private practice?

You are the toughest,meanest male in your species and all the girls love you.Which phenomenon explains this?

Why was Freud's theory in sharp contrast to the theories of Wundt and James?

The theory of operant conditioning explains the probability of a behavioral response using the minimum number of principles or concepts.This is an indication of the theory's ____.

Your roommate believes that psychology should focus on helping individuals better use their inborn capacity to personally grow and make choices.Which contemporary perspective shares your roommate's view?

Experimental research is used in psychology ____.

Suppose that a researcher determined that the correlation between intelligence and creativity was 0.59.An appropriate interpretation of this correlation would be that ____.

The task of science is "not the dull and easy job of showing that a fixed hypothesis is right or wrong in a given context.… Science has the more exciting task of discovering in what senses the hypothesis and its theoretical explanations are true and in what senses false." Who said this?

The four stages of the research process are ____.

Every species on the planet is undergoing some sort of evolution,even though the speed of the process differs substantially across species.Species that experience ____ change in their environment tend to evolve ____ than other species,on average.

Which of the following types of psychologists is most likely to study how people mature and change physically,cognitively,and socially throughout the life span?

What method was used by structuralists to understand conscious experiences?

Which of the following is NOT one of the four factors that make a good theory?

The condition in an experiment where participants are exposed to different levels of the independent variable is called the ____.

A hypothesis is ____.

What is the term we use to describe the genetic changes that occur in a species over generations due to natural selection?

"All human behavior is determined by hidden or unconscious motives and desires that are sexual in nature." Who proposed this concept?

Identify the method used by Sigmund Freud to develop his approach to psychology.

Neural and Genetic Bases of Behavior

Human Development

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Language, thinking, and Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Personality

Psychological Disorders and Their Treatment

Stress, coping, and Health

Social Behavior

Filters

Every species on the planet is undergoing some sort of evolution,even though the speed of the process differs substantially across species.Species that experience change in their environment tend to evolve than other species,on average.