Question 1

An advantage of using the case study method is that ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  it produces a detailed analysis of a person 
B)  variables are well controlled 
C)  the results can be broadly generalized 
D)  it can be used to establish cause-and-effect relationships 
A)  it produces a detailed analysis of a person 
B)  variables are well controlled 
C)  the results can be broadly generalized 
D)  it can be used to establish cause-and-effect relationships

Question 2

Because of the problems caused by self-report,researchers often prefer to collect data through ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  surveys 
B)  meta-analysis 
C)  interviews 
D)  direct observation 
A)  surveys 
B)  meta-analysis 
C)  interviews 
D)  direct observation

Question 3

What is the term used to describe a shared system of ideas about the characteristics of the world,and is made up of rules governing how people should think,feel,and act within that world?

Accepted Answer

A)  Citizenship 
B)  Civilization 
C)  Culture 
D)  Society 
A)  Citizenship 
B)  Civilization 
C)  Culture 
D)  Society

Question 4

Why do some psychologists believe that the sociocultural and evolutionary perspectives are compatible?

Accepted Answer

A)  Today's psychologists do not believe that these diverse perspectives are compatible. 
B)  Some psychologists argue that the culture of a people is based on their relationship with the environment and that evolution is the story of how we adapted to that environment. 
C)  Some psychologists believe that sociocultural and evolutionary forces have only recently begun to work together to shape behaviors,and they are now developing a single perspective that encompasses the two. 
D)  Both b and c 
A)  Today's psychologists do not believe that these diverse perspectives are compatible. 
B)  Some psychologists argue that the culture of a people is based on their relationship with the environment and that evolution is the story of how we adapted to that environment. 
C)  Some psychologists believe that sociocultural and evolutionary forces have only recently begun to work together to shape behaviors,and they are now developing a single perspective that encompasses the two. 
D)  Both b and c

Question 5

Who was the first African American to receive a Ph.D.in psychology?

Accepted Answer

A)  Inez Prosser 
B)  Gilbert Jones 
C)  Mamie Phipps Clark 
D)  Kenneth Clark 
A)  Inez Prosser 
B)  Gilbert Jones 
C)  Mamie Phipps Clark 
D)  Kenneth Clark

Question 6

What was John Watson's approach to psychology?

Accepted Answer

A)  Functionalism 
B)  Behaviorism 
C)  Psychoanalysis 
D)  Clinical studies 
A)  Functionalism 
B)  Behaviorism 
C)  Psychoanalysis 
D)  Clinical studies

Question 7

One of the major advantages of correlational research is that it ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  allows researchers to establish cause-and-effect relationships 
B)  controls extraneous variables better than any other method 
C)  allows researchers to get closer to what they are studying than any other method 
D)  allows researchers to predict a change in one variable by knowing the value of another variable 
A)  allows researchers to establish cause-and-effect relationships 
B)  controls extraneous variables better than any other method 
C)  allows researchers to get closer to what they are studying than any other method 
D)  allows researchers to predict a change in one variable by knowing the value of another variable

Question 8

Social psychological studies have found a negative relationship between the number of bystanders at an emergency and the likelihood that the emergency victim will be helped.In other words,these studies suggest that a victim is ____ likely to be helped when there are ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  more;many bystanders present rather than very few present 
B)  less;many bystanders present rather than very few present 
C)  just as;many bystanders present compared to very few present 
D)  None of the above 
A)  more;many bystanders present rather than very few present 
B)  less;many bystanders present rather than very few present 
C)  just as;many bystanders present compared to very few present 
D)  None of the above

Question 9

What is the primary goal of a research psychologist?

Accepted Answer

A)  To study how people mature and change physically,mentally,and socially throughout their lifetime 
B)  To study behaviors by examining physiological processes,especially those in the brain 
C)  To conduct experimental research on the basic psychological processes,such as learning,motivation,sensation,and a multitude of others 
D)  To acquire psychological knowledge through scientific methods and to teach this knowledge to students 
A)  To study how people mature and change physically,mentally,and socially throughout their lifetime 
B)  To study behaviors by examining physiological processes,especially those in the brain 
C)  To conduct experimental research on the basic psychological processes,such as learning,motivation,sensation,and a multitude of others 
D)  To acquire psychological knowledge through scientific methods and to teach this knowledge to students

Question 10

A researcher claims that the results of her study are statistically significant.This usually means that ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the results of the study significantly contribute to the field of psychology 
B)  there is no possibility that the difference between the experimental and control groups is due to chance 
C)  the likelihood that the difference between the experimental and control groups occurred by chance is less than 1 in 20 
D)  the likelihood that the difference between the experimental and control groups occurred by chance is greater than 1 out of 20 
A)  the results of the study significantly contribute to the field of psychology 
B)  there is no possibility that the difference between the experimental and control groups is due to chance 
C)  the likelihood that the difference between the experimental and control groups occurred by chance is less than 1 in 20 
D)  the likelihood that the difference between the experimental and control groups occurred by chance is greater than 1 out of 20

Question 11

A zero correlation coefficient between private self-consciousness and self-disclosure could mean that these two variables ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  have no association 
B)  are perfectly correlated 
C)  have a curvilinear relationship 
D)  Both a and c 
A)  have no association 
B)  are perfectly correlated 
C)  have a curvilinear relationship 
D)  Both a and c

Question 12

The correlation coefficient (r)can range from ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  0 to 100 
B)  -10 to +10 
C)  0 to 1 
D)  -1.00 to +1.00 
A)  0 to 100 
B)  -10 to +10 
C)  0 to 1 
D)  -1.00 to +1.00

Question 13

What was William James' approach to psychology?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lab studies 
B)  Clinical research 
C)  Case studies 
D)  Own ideas and eloquent writing 
A)  Lab studies 
B)  Clinical research 
C)  Case studies 
D)  Own ideas and eloquent writing

Question 14

Professor Ping Hohman is a psychologist who attempts to understand behavior by studying how the mind organizes perceptions,processes information,and interprets experiences.Professor Hohman is a(n)____ psychologist.

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive 
B)  evolutionary 
C)  developmental 
D)  humanistic 
A)  cognitive 
B)  evolutionary 
C)  developmental 
D)  humanistic

Question 15

____ refers to whether a theory can reliably predict behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)  Predictive accuracy 
B)  Internal coherence 
C)  Fertility 
D)  Economy 
A)  Predictive accuracy 
B)  Internal coherence 
C)  Fertility 
D)  Economy

Question 16

Which approach to psychology studies how the brain communicates with itself and other bodily organs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neuroscience perspective 
B)  Medical perspective 
C)  Comparative perspective 
D)  Developmental perspective 
A)  Neuroscience perspective 
B)  Medical perspective 
C)  Comparative perspective 
D)  Developmental perspective

Question 17

According to the text,the third research stage involves ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  theory and hypothesis development 
B)  selecting a scientific method and obtaining approval to conduct the study 
C)  selecting a topic and reviewing past research 
D)  data collection,analysis,and reporting results 
A)  theory and hypothesis development 
B)  selecting a scientific method and obtaining approval to conduct the study 
C)  selecting a topic and reviewing past research 
D)  data collection,analysis,and reporting results

Question 18

The word cognitive comes from the Latin word meaning what?

Accepted Answer

A)  "To know" 
B)  "To study" 
C)  "To learn" 
D)  "To perceive" 
A)  "To know" 
B)  "To study" 
C)  "To learn" 
D)  "To perceive"

Question 19

Throughout existence,an individual's innate desire to pass their genes on to the next generation pushes him or her toward selfish,self-serving actions that can potentially threaten not only the individual,but the survival of the individual's group.By what process have we found a delicate balance between these tendencies?

Accepted Answer

A)  Individualism 
B)  Collectivism 
C)  Cultural belief 
D)  Natural selection 
A)  Individualism 
B)  Collectivism 
C)  Cultural belief 
D)  Natural selection

Question 20

"I live in a society that accepts my choice as being my own person,I generally do not need anyone to help me do what I want to do,and I am self-assured,unique,and quite diverse." What philosophy does my society most likely embrace?

Accepted Answer

A)  Individualism 
B)  Egoism 
C)  Egocentricism 
D)  Self-actualization 
A)  Individualism 
B)  Egoism 
C)  Egocentricism 
D)  Self-actualization

An advantage of using the case study method is that ____.

Because of the problems caused by self-report,researchers often prefer to collect data through ____.

What is the term used to describe a shared system of ideas about the characteristics of the world,and is made up of rules governing how people should think,feel,and act within that world?

Why do some psychologists believe that the sociocultural and evolutionary perspectives are compatible?

Who was the first African American to receive a Ph.D.in psychology?

What was John Watson's approach to psychology?

One of the major advantages of correlational research is that it ____.

Social psychological studies have found a negative relationship between the number of bystanders at an emergency and the likelihood that the emergency victim will be helped.In other words,these studies suggest that a victim is likely to be helped when there are .

What is the primary goal of a research psychologist?

A researcher claims that the results of her study are statistically significant.This usually means that ____.

A zero correlation coefficient between private self-consciousness and self-disclosure could mean that these two variables ____.

The correlation coefficient (r)can range from ____.

What was William James' approach to psychology?

Professor Ping Hohman is a psychologist who attempts to understand behavior by studying how the mind organizes perceptions,processes information,and interprets experiences.Professor Hohman is a(n)____ psychologist.

____ refers to whether a theory can reliably predict behavior.

Which approach to psychology studies how the brain communicates with itself and other bodily organs?

According to the text,the third research stage involves ____.

The word cognitive comes from the Latin word meaning what?

"I live in a society that accepts my choice as being my own person,I generally do not need anyone to help me do what I want to do,and I am self-assured,unique,and quite diverse." What philosophy does my society most likely embrace?

Neural and Genetic Bases of Behavior

Human Development

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Language, thinking, and Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Personality

Psychological Disorders and Their Treatment

Stress, coping, and Health

Social Behavior

Filters

Exam 1: Psychology As a Science

An advantage of using the case study method is that ____.

Because of the problems caused by self-report,researchers often prefer to collect data through ____.

What is the term used to describe a shared system of ideas about the characteristics of the world,and is made up of rules governing how people should think,feel,and act within that world?

Why do some psychologists believe that the sociocultural and evolutionary perspectives are compatible?

Who was the first African American to receive a Ph.D.in psychology?

What was John Watson's approach to psychology?

One of the major advantages of correlational research is that it ____.

Social psychological studies have found a negative relationship between the number of bystanders at an emergency and the likelihood that the emergency victim will be helped.In other words,these studies suggest that a victim is ____ likely to be helped when there are ____.

What is the primary goal of a research psychologist?

A researcher claims that the results of her study are statistically significant.This usually means that ____.

A zero correlation coefficient between private self-consciousness and self-disclosure could mean that these two variables ____.

The correlation coefficient (r)can range from ____.

What was William James' approach to psychology?

Professor Ping Hohman is a psychologist who attempts to understand behavior by studying how the mind organizes perceptions,processes information,and interprets experiences.Professor Hohman is a(n)____ psychologist.

____ refers to whether a theory can reliably predict behavior.

Which approach to psychology studies how the brain communicates with itself and other bodily organs?

According to the text,the third research stage involves ____.

The word cognitive comes from the Latin word meaning what?

"I live in a society that accepts my choice as being my own person,I generally do not need anyone to help me do what I want to do,and I am self-assured,unique,and quite diverse." What philosophy does my society most likely embrace?

Neural and Genetic Bases of Behavior

Human Development

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Language, thinking, and Intelligence

Motivation and Emotion

Personality

Psychological Disorders and Their Treatment

Stress, coping, and Health

Social Behavior

Filters

Social psychological studies have found a negative relationship between the number of bystanders at an emergency and the likelihood that the emergency victim will be helped.In other words,these studies suggest that a victim is likely to be helped when there are .