Question 1

The scientific study of optimal human functioning is known as .

Accepted Answer

A) behaviorism 
B) Gestalt psychology 
C) positive psychology 
D) optimistic psychology 
A) behaviorism 
B) Gestalt psychology 
C) positive psychology 
D) optimistic psychology

Question 2

In a procedure called _____, participants are placed in experimental conditions on the basis of chance, thus minimizing biases or preexisting differences in the groups.

Accepted Answer

A) random sampling 
B) random assignment 
C) group selection 
D) experimental assignment 
A) random sampling 
B) random assignment 
C) group selection 
D) experimental assignment

Question 3

The main advantage of naturalistic observation is that it _____.

Accepted Answer

A) eliminates extraneous variables 
B) allows researchers to obtain data about a person or animals true, normal behavior. 
C) is less time-consuming and expensive than other research methods 
D) all of these options 
A) eliminates extraneous variables 
B) allows researchers to obtain data about a person or animals true, normal behavior. 
C) is less time-consuming and expensive than other research methods 
D) all of these options

Question 4

The BEST definition of an independent variable is a _____.

Accepted Answer

A) measurable behavior that is exhibited by a participant and is affected by the dependent variable 
B) variable that is manipulated by the experimenter to determine its causal effect on the dependent variable 
C) variable that is kept constant during an experiment to prevent contamination of other variables 
D) variable that cannot be manipulated by anyone 
A) measurable behavior that is exhibited by a participant and is affected by the dependent variable 
B) variable that is manipulated by the experimenter to determine its causal effect on the dependent variable 
C) variable that is kept constant during an experiment to prevent contamination of other variables 
D) variable that cannot be manipulated by anyone

Question 5

A process in that avoids an "either/or position" and focuses instead on multiple factors that mutually influence one another and the outcome is called _____.

Accepted Answer

A) empiricism 
B) psychology 
C) interactionism 
D) behaviorism 
A) empiricism 
B) psychology 
C) interactionism 
D) behaviorism

Question 6

The psychoanalytic perspective was originally developed by _____.

Accepted Answer

A) Freud 
B) Skinner 
C) Watson 
D) Williams 
A) Freud 
B) Skinner 
C) Watson 
D) Williams

Question 7

Behaviorists are MOST successful in treating _______.

Accepted Answer

A) neuroses of the mind 
B) observable behavior problems 
C) low self-esteem 
D) psychotic disorders 
A) neuroses of the mind 
B) observable behavior problems 
C) low self-esteem 
D) psychotic disorders

Question 8

One of the first woman to be recognized in psychology was _____, who was the first woman elected as the president of the American Psychological Association.

Accepted Answer

A) Laura Schlesinger 
B) Ruth Westheimer 
C) Karen Horney 
D) Mary Calkins 
A) Laura Schlesinger 
B) Ruth Westheimer 
C) Karen Horney 
D) Mary Calkins

Question 9

In a study to test the effects of alcohol on driving, you were in a group of participants that drove poorly.This means that ____.

Accepted Answer

A) you were in the experimental group 
B) you were in the control group 
C) there is insufficient information to determine your group 
D) your license will be revoked at the end of the study 
A) you were in the experimental group 
B) you were in the control group 
C) there is insufficient information to determine your group 
D) your license will be revoked at the end of the study

Question 10

One way to decrease participant bias is to _____.

Accepted Answer

A) conduct single-blind studies 
B) pay people for their participation 
C) avoid letting participants ever know what the true purpose of the research was 
D) avoid the use of experimental designs 
A) conduct single-blind studies 
B) pay people for their participation 
C) avoid letting participants ever know what the true purpose of the research was 
D) avoid the use of experimental designs

Question 11

Dr.DiMassio is studying PET (brain)scans in patients with schizophrenia and comparing them to PET scans in people who have no psychological disorders.It is likely that Dr.DiMassio is a _____.

Accepted Answer

A) health psychologist 
B) developmental psychologist 
C) neuroscientist 
D) comparative psychologist 
A) health psychologist 
B) developmental psychologist 
C) neuroscientist 
D) comparative psychologist

Question 12

In _____research, a researcher observes or measures (without manipulating)two or more variables to find relationships between them, without inferring a causal relationship.

Accepted Answer

A) experimental 
B) correlational 
C) basic 
D) applied 
A) experimental 
B) correlational 
C) basic 
D) applied

Question 13

Which of the following therapists is NOT violating psychology's ethical standard of confidentiality?

Accepted Answer

A) Dr.Novak called the Department of Social Services to report her client, who admitted during their session together that she was abusing her nine-year-old daughter. 
B) Dr.Jones describes detailed case histories of former clients to his psychology class without disguising their characteristics. 
C) Dr.Smith-Nguyen discusses a client with his wife to get her advice. 
D) Dr.Polanski told two of his colleagues that he was treating a local television news anchor for major depression, but didn't name her. 
A) Dr.Novak called the Department of Social Services to report her client, who admitted during their session together that she was abusing her nine-year-old daughter. 
B) Dr.Jones describes detailed case histories of former clients to his psychology class without disguising their characteristics. 
C) Dr.Smith-Nguyen discusses a client with his wife to get her advice. 
D) Dr.Polanski told two of his colleagues that he was treating a local television news anchor for major depression, but didn't name her.

Question 14

According to your text, when a scientist submits a study for publication to a journal where other scientists will read it and decide whether or not it will be published, the article is undergoing _______.

Accepted Answer

A) external observation 
B) peer review 
C) statistical analysis 
D) critical examination 
A) external observation 
B) peer review 
C) statistical analysis 
D) critical examination

Question 15

Carlos and Bonita were intrigued by the results of a study about the biases people display toward work done by males compared to work done by females.They decided to perform the same study, following the same procedures, to see if they would get the same results.This is an example of _____.

Accepted Answer

A) an invalid research method 
B) an attempt to replicate a study 
C) pseudopsychology 
D) case study research 
A) an invalid research method 
B) an attempt to replicate a study 
C) pseudopsychology 
D) case study research

Question 16

According to your text, debriefing is _____.

Accepted Answer

A) interviewing subjects after a study to find out what they were thinking during their participation 
B) explaining the purpose of the study, anticipated results, and deceptions used when the study is over 
C) disclosing potential physical and emotional risks, and the nature of the study prior to its beginning 
D) interviewing subjects after a study to determine whether any deceptions were effective in preventing them from learning the true purpose of the study 
A) interviewing subjects after a study to find out what they were thinking during their participation 
B) explaining the purpose of the study, anticipated results, and deceptions used when the study is over 
C) disclosing potential physical and emotional risks, and the nature of the study prior to its beginning 
D) interviewing subjects after a study to determine whether any deceptions were effective in preventing them from learning the true purpose of the study

Question 17

The control group in an experiment is the group in which participants _____.

Accepted Answer

A) receive no treatment 
B) receive the active treatment 
C) do not receive the dependent variable 
D) receive the independent variable 
A) receive no treatment 
B) receive the active treatment 
C) do not receive the dependent variable 
D) receive the independent variable

Question 18

One way to ensure reduce the problem of sample bias is to select a _____ sample of the population of interest.

Accepted Answer

A) representative/random 
B) homogenous/ethnocentric 
C) placebo/control 
D) heterogeneous/ethnocentric 
A) representative/random 
B) homogenous/ethnocentric 
C) placebo/control 
D) heterogeneous/ethnocentric

Question 19

Interviews and/or surveys can be used to _____ behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) describe 
B) explain 
C) explain and change 
D) change 
A) describe 
B) explain 
C) explain and change 
D) change

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT true about animal research?

Accepted Answer

A) It accounts for only 7-8% of psychological research. 
B) Most animal research uses rats or mice. 
C) Animal researchers use punishments as often as they use rewards. 
D) Research benefits both human and nonhuman animals. 
A) It accounts for only 7-8% of psychological research. 
B) Most animal research uses rats or mice. 
C) Animal researchers use punishments as often as they use rewards. 
D) Research benefits both human and nonhuman animals.

The scientific study of optimal human functioning is known as .

In a procedure called _____, participants are placed in experimental conditions on the basis of chance, thus minimizing biases or preexisting differences in the groups.

The main advantage of naturalistic observation is that it _____.

The BEST definition of an independent variable is a _____.

A process in that avoids an "either/or position" and focuses instead on multiple factors that mutually influence one another and the outcome is called _____.

The psychoanalytic perspective was originally developed by _____.

Behaviorists are MOST successful in treating _______.

One of the first woman to be recognized in psychology was _____, who was the first woman elected as the president of the American Psychological Association.

In a study to test the effects of alcohol on driving, you were in a group of participants that drove poorly.This means that ____.

One way to decrease participant bias is to _____.

Dr.DiMassio is studying PET (brain)scans in patients with schizophrenia and comparing them to PET scans in people who have no psychological disorders.It is likely that Dr.DiMassio is a _____.

In _____research, a researcher observes or measures (without manipulating)two or more variables to find relationships between them, without inferring a causal relationship.

Which of the following therapists is NOT violating psychology's ethical standard of confidentiality?

According to your text, when a scientist submits a study for publication to a journal where other scientists will read it and decide whether or not it will be published, the article is undergoing _______.

Carlos and Bonita were intrigued by the results of a study about the biases people display toward work done by males compared to work done by females.They decided to perform the same study, following the same procedures, to see if they would get the same results.This is an example of _____.

According to your text, debriefing is _____.

The control group in an experiment is the group in which participants _____.

One way to ensure reduce the problem of sample bias is to select a _____ sample of the population of interest.

Interviews and/or surveys can be used to _____ behavior.

Which of the following is NOT true about animal research?

Neuroscience and Biological Foundations

Stress and Health Psychology

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Life Span Development I

Life Span Development II

Gender and Human Sexuality

Motivation and Emotion

Personality

Psychological Disorders

Therapy

Social Psychology

Industrialorganizational Psychology

Psychology at Work in the Global Economy

Filters

Exam 1: Introduction and Research Methods

The scientific study of optimal human functioning is known as .

In a procedure called _____, participants are placed in experimental conditions on the basis of chance, thus minimizing biases or preexisting differences in the groups.

The main advantage of naturalistic observation is that it _____.

The BEST definition of an independent variable is a _____.

A process in that avoids an "either/or position" and focuses instead on multiple factors that mutually influence one another and the outcome is called _____.

The psychoanalytic perspective was originally developed by _____.

Behaviorists are MOST successful in treating _______.

One of the first woman to be recognized in psychology was _____, who was the first woman elected as the president of the American Psychological Association.

In a study to test the effects of alcohol on driving, you were in a group of participants that drove poorly.This means that ____.

One way to decrease participant bias is to _____.

Dr.DiMassio is studying PET (brain)scans in patients with schizophrenia and comparing them to PET scans in people who have no psychological disorders.It is likely that Dr.DiMassio is a _____.

In _____research, a researcher observes or measures (without manipulating)two or more variables to find relationships between them, without inferring a causal relationship.

Which of the following therapists is NOT violating psychology's ethical standard of confidentiality?

According to your text, when a scientist submits a study for publication to a journal where other scientists will read it and decide whether or not it will be published, the article is undergoing _______.

Carlos and Bonita were intrigued by the results of a study about the biases people display toward work done by males compared to work done by females.They decided to perform the same study, following the same procedures, to see if they would get the same results.This is an example of _____.

According to your text, debriefing is _____.

The control group in an experiment is the group in which participants _____.

One way to ensure reduce the problem of sample bias is to select a _____ sample of the population of interest.

Interviews and/or surveys can be used to _____ behavior.

Which of the following is NOT true about animal research?

Neuroscience and Biological Foundations

Stress and Health Psychology

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

Life Span Development I

Life Span Development II

Gender and Human Sexuality

Motivation and Emotion

Personality

Psychological Disorders

Therapy

Social Psychology

Industrialorganizational Psychology

Psychology at Work in the Global Economy

Filters