Question 1

The elderly should receive influenza immunization every ______.

Accepted Answer

year
Influenza immunizations are recommended to be taken every year by the elderly, health care workers, infants over the age of 6 months, and persons with chronic illnesses.

Question 2

The nurse recommends a good agent for disinfecting contaminated areas in the home is:

Accepted Answer

A)  to cover the area with boiling water and let air dry. 
B)  a 1:10 solution of chlorine bleach. 
C)  a 1:2 solution of alcohol. 
D)  to soak in a solution of povidone-iodine for 30 minutes and rinse with hot water. 
A)  to cover the area with boiling water and let air dry. 
B)  a 1:10 solution of chlorine bleach. 
C)  a 1:2 solution of alcohol. 
D)  to soak in a solution of povidone-iodine for 30 minutes and rinse with hot water. B

Question 3

The nurse instructing a patient in the home use of disinfectant would include the information that the disinfectant can be used to:

Accepted Answer

A)  decrease organisms on the patient's body but take care not to use it around the patient's eyes or in the mouth. 
B)  sterilize instruments with a bacteriostatic disinfectant. 
C)  thoroughly clean and rinse all soap off the equipment before disinfecting it. 
D)  first remove all organic matter prior to disinfecting. 
A)  decrease organisms on the patient's body but take care not to use it around the patient's eyes or in the mouth. 
B)  sterilize instruments with a bacteriostatic disinfectant. 
C)  thoroughly clean and rinse all soap off the equipment before disinfecting it. 
D)  first remove all organic matter prior to disinfecting. C

Question 4

A patient is sent home with an open wound that is still infected and being treated with wet-to-dry dressing changes four times a day. Before discharge, in order to prevent infecting other family members, the nurse would teach the patient to:

Accepted Answer

A)  be the only person to perform the dressing changes, thus eliminating the risk of infection to other family members. 
B)  wash hands thoroughly before the dressing change. 
C)  use gowns, gloves, and masks for any family contact with him. 
D)  maintain medical asepsis and proper handling of the contaminated dressings. 
A)  be the only person to perform the dressing changes, thus eliminating the risk of infection to other family members. 
B)  wash hands thoroughly before the dressing change. 
C)  use gowns, gloves, and masks for any family contact with him. 
D)  maintain medical asepsis and proper handling of the contaminated dressings.

Question 5

A nurse teaching family members about hand hygiene in the home would emphasize:

Accepted Answer

A)  keeping fingernails short and avoiding wearing rings. 
B)  washing hands up to the elbows for 2 minutes the first time in the day, and for 1 minute after a diaper change. 
C)  using disposable gloves after hand hygiene when feeding the infant. 
D)  that home care requires less attention to medical asepsis, so hand hygiene is necessary only after toileting or handling soiled diapers. 
A)  keeping fingernails short and avoiding wearing rings. 
B)  washing hands up to the elbows for 2 minutes the first time in the day, and for 1 minute after a diaper change. 
C)  using disposable gloves after hand hygiene when feeding the infant. 
D)  that home care requires less attention to medical asepsis, so hand hygiene is necessary only after toileting or handling soiled diapers.

Question 6

A patient has been diagnosed with vaginal candidiasis. The nurse recognizes that this condition is usually the result of:

Accepted Answer

A)  unprotected sex. 
B)  poor personal hygiene. 
C)  long-term antimicrobial therapy. 
D)  using bath oils. 
A)  unprotected sex. 
B)  poor personal hygiene. 
C)  long-term antimicrobial therapy. 
D)  using bath oils.

Question 7

A nurse is using personal protective equipment (PPE) before entering the room of a patient with diarrhea and vomiting who is being treated for an intestinal infection. The nurse most likely needs to use which combination of PPE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gown, gloves, and mask 
B)  Gown, gloves, and goggles (or glasses) 
C)  Shoe covers, gown, and gloves 
D)  Reusable gown and mask 
A)  Gown, gloves, and mask 
B)  Gown, gloves, and goggles (or glasses) 
C)  Shoe covers, gown, and gloves 
D)  Reusable gown and mask

Question 8

The nurse uses the Standard Precautions, as outlined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), when:

Accepted Answer

A)  there is a suspicion of or risk of infection. 
B)  preventing transmission of respiratory and wound infections. 
C)  caring for patients who have wounds draining body fluids. 
D)  caring for all patients. 
A)  there is a suspicion of or risk of infection. 
B)  preventing transmission of respiratory and wound infections. 
C)  caring for patients who have wounds draining body fluids. 
D)  caring for all patients.

Question 9

An organism that is included in the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing pneumonia (ESBL) group is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Staphylococcus aureus. 
B)  Clostridium difficile. 
C)  Enterococcus. 
D)  Escherichia coli. 
A)  Staphylococcus aureus. 
B)  Clostridium difficile. 
C)  Enterococcus. 
D)  Escherichia coli.

Question 10

A mother and her 2-week-old infant, who is breast-fed, have been exposed to chickenpox. Although the mother had chickenpox as a child, she is concerned about her baby. The nurse explains:

Accepted Answer

A)  the infant is at risk because the baby has not been immunized against the disease. 
B)  both infant and mother are at risk because the mother's immunity was acquired too long ago to be effective. 
C)  the baby should receive immune globulin to protect him from the infection. 
D)  neither are at risk, because the mother has naturally acquired immunity, and she passes antibodies to the baby through the breast milk. 
A)  the infant is at risk because the baby has not been immunized against the disease. 
B)  both infant and mother are at risk because the mother's immunity was acquired too long ago to be effective. 
C)  the baby should receive immune globulin to protect him from the infection. 
D)  neither are at risk, because the mother has naturally acquired immunity, and she passes antibodies to the baby through the breast milk.

Question 11

When a patient in the ambulatory clinic is diagnosed as having pneumococcal pneumonia, the nurse is aware that this infection is:

Accepted Answer

A)  viral and will not respond to antibiotics. 
B)  bacterial and should respond to treatment with antibiotics. 
C)  fungal and is caused by the alteration of the normal flora of the lung. 
D)  resultant from a resistant organism and extreme caution must be taken. 
A)  viral and will not respond to antibiotics. 
B)  bacterial and should respond to treatment with antibiotics. 
C)  fungal and is caused by the alteration of the normal flora of the lung. 
D)  resultant from a resistant organism and extreme caution must be taken.

Question 12

The nurse using protective non-sterile gloves in the provision of patient care will wash his or her hands after removal of the gloves in order to:

Accepted Answer

A)  avoid transfer of organisms. 
B)  diminish possibility of latex allergy. 
C)  keep skin of hands from cracking and drying. 
D)  enhance the ease of donning a fresh pair of gloves. 
A)  avoid transfer of organisms. 
B)  diminish possibility of latex allergy. 
C)  keep skin of hands from cracking and drying. 
D)  enhance the ease of donning a fresh pair of gloves.

Question 13

When the nurse is using a syringe and needle to give a patient an injection, he or she should:

Accepted Answer

A)  never recap the needle afterwards to avoid risk of needle stick. 
B)  carefully break the needle from the syringe, using the needle cover to prevent reuse of a used syringe and needle. 
C)  throw the needle and syringe immediately in a covered garbage can with a red plastic liner to indicate the materials are biohazards. 
D)  recap the needle and place it carefully on the patient's table until leaving the room, then discard it in a garbage container in the nurses' medication room. 
A)  never recap the needle afterwards to avoid risk of needle stick. 
B)  carefully break the needle from the syringe, using the needle cover to prevent reuse of a used syringe and needle. 
C)  throw the needle and syringe immediately in a covered garbage can with a red plastic liner to indicate the materials are biohazards. 
D)  recap the needle and place it carefully on the patient's table until leaving the room, then discard it in a garbage container in the nurses' medication room.

Question 14

The situation in which protective eyewear is required is:

Accepted Answer

A)  suctioning a tracheotomy. 
B)  applying a dressing on the leg. 
C)  changing a baby's diaper. 
D)  gathering the linens off a contaminated bed. 
A)  suctioning a tracheotomy. 
B)  applying a dressing on the leg. 
C)  changing a baby's diaper. 
D)  gathering the linens off a contaminated bed.

Question 15

The nurse explains that medical asepsis differs from surgical asepsis in that medical asepsis:

Accepted Answer

A)  kills all organisms. 
B)  is confined to the patient's room. 
C)  uses sterile attire to protect the patient. 
D)  uses sterile equipment before contact with the patient. 
A)  kills all organisms. 
B)  is confined to the patient's room. 
C)  uses sterile attire to protect the patient. 
D)  uses sterile equipment before contact with the patient.

Question 16

When the nurse performs a procedure using sterile technique in the patient's unit, it means that:

Accepted Answer

A)  the equipment and supplies used are disposable and clean. 
B)  all organisms have been killed or removed from materials that come in contact with the patient. 
C)  the nurse will do a 10-minute surgical scrub before beginning the procedure. 
D)  the nurse will be required to don a sterile gown, mask, and eye shields. 
A)  the equipment and supplies used are disposable and clean. 
B)  all organisms have been killed or removed from materials that come in contact with the patient. 
C)  the nurse will do a 10-minute surgical scrub before beginning the procedure. 
D)  the nurse will be required to don a sterile gown, mask, and eye shields.

Question 17

A patient has been diagnosed with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (mad cow disease). The nurse recognizes this disease is caused by a:

Accepted Answer

A)  prion. 
B)  virus. 
C)  protozoa. 
D)  fungus. 
A)  prion. 
B)  virus. 
C)  protozoa. 
D)  fungus.

Question 18

The nurse explains to the patient who has pneumococcal pneumonia that the lungs serve as the:

Accepted Answer

A)  mode of transfer. 
B)  transmission of the disease. 
C)  reservoir. 
D)  organisms that cause the infection. 
A)  mode of transfer. 
B)  transmission of the disease. 
C)  reservoir. 
D)  organisms that cause the infection.

Question 19

The nurse is aware that the first barrier to pathogen invasion is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  skin. 
B)  immunizations. 
C)  good hygiene. 
D)  immune response. 
A)  skin. 
B)  immunizations. 
C)  good hygiene. 
D)  immune response.

Question 20

A young patient became ill with mononucleosis that she contracted from drinking out of the same glass as her boyfriend who also had the disease. The glass, an inanimate object, has caused the indirect transmission. The inanimate transmitter is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  fomite. 
B)  prions. 
C)  vector. 
D)  interferon. 
A)  fomite. 
B)  prions. 
C)  vector. 
D)  interferon.

Exam 16: Infection Prevention and Control: Protective Mechanisms and Asepsis

The elderly should receive influenza immunization every ______.

The nurse recommends a good agent for disinfecting contaminated areas in the home is:

The nurse instructing a patient in the home use of disinfectant would include the information that the disinfectant can be used to:

A patient is sent home with an open wound that is still infected and being treated with wet-to-dry dressing changes four times a day. Before discharge, in order to prevent infecting other family members, the nurse would teach the patient to:

A nurse teaching family members about hand hygiene in the home would emphasize:

A patient has been diagnosed with vaginal candidiasis. The nurse recognizes that this condition is usually the result of:

A nurse is using personal protective equipment (PPE) before entering the room of a patient with diarrhea and vomiting who is being treated for an intestinal infection. The nurse most likely needs to use which combination of PPE?

The nurse uses the Standard Precautions, as outlined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), when:

An organism that is included in the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing pneumonia (ESBL) group is:

A mother and her 2-week-old infant, who is breast-fed, have been exposed to chickenpox. Although the mother had chickenpox as a child, she is concerned about her baby. The nurse explains:

When a patient in the ambulatory clinic is diagnosed as having pneumococcal pneumonia, the nurse is aware that this infection is:

The nurse using protective non-sterile gloves in the provision of patient care will wash his or her hands after removal of the gloves in order to:

When the nurse is using a syringe and needle to give a patient an injection, he or she should:

The situation in which protective eyewear is required is:

The nurse explains that medical asepsis differs from surgical asepsis in that medical asepsis:

When the nurse performs a procedure using sterile technique in the patient's unit, it means that:

A patient has been diagnosed with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (mad cow disease). The nurse recognizes this disease is caused by a:

The nurse explains to the patient who has pneumococcal pneumonia that the lungs serve as the:

The nurse is aware that the first barrier to pathogen invasion is the:

A young patient became ill with mononucleosis that she contracted from drinking out of the same glass as her boyfriend who also had the disease. The glass, an inanimate object, has caused the indirect transmission. The inanimate transmitter is called:

Nursing and the Health Care System

Concepts of Health, Illness, Stress, and Health Promotion

Legal and Ethical Aspects of Nursing

Nursing Process and Critical Thinking

Assessment, Nursing Diagnosis, and Planning

Implementation and Evaluation

Documentation of Nursing Care

Communication and the Nurse-Patient Relationship

Patient Teaching for Health Promotion

Delegation, Leadership, and Management

Growth and Development: Infancy Through Adolescence

Adulthood and the Family

Promoting Healthy Adaptation to Aging

Cultural and Spiritual Aspects of Patient Care

Loss, Grief, the Dying Patient, and Palliative Care

Infection Prevention and Control in the Hospital and Home

Lifting, Moving, and Positioning Patients

Assisting with Hygiene, Personal Care, Skin Care, and the Prevention of Pressure Ulcers

Patient Environment and Safety

Measuring Vital Signs

Assessing Health Status

Admitting, Transferring, and Discharging Patients

Diagnostic Tests and Specimen Collection

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid–Base Balance

Concepts of Basic Nutrition and Cultural Considerations

Diet Therapy and Assisted Feeding

Assisting with Respiration and Oxygen Delivery

Promoting Urinary Elimination

Promoting Bowel Elimination

Pain, Comfort, and Sleep

Complementary and Alternative Therapies

Pharmacology and Preparation for Drug Administration

Administering Oral, Topical, and Inhalant Medications

Administering Intradermal, Subcutaneous, and Intramuscular Injections

Administering Intravenous Solutions and Medications

Care of the Surgical Patient

Providing Wound Care and Treating Pressure Ulcers

Promoting Musculoskeletal Function

Common Physical Care Problems of the Elderly

Common Psychosocial Care Problems of the Elderly

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