Question 1

The nervous system can distinguish between a light touch and a heavier touch by

Accepted Answer

A)  saltatory conduction. 
B)  continuous conduction of graded potentials. 
C)  changing the frequency of impulses sent to sensory centers. 
D)  propagation action potential in both directions. 
E)  modifying the length of the refractory period. 
A)  saltatory conduction. 
B)  continuous conduction of graded potentials. 
C)  changing the frequency of impulses sent to sensory centers. 
D)  propagation action potential in both directions. 
E)  modifying the length of the refractory period.

Question 2

In the diagram, which pictures a mechanically gated channel?

Accepted Answer

A)  O 
B)  N 
C)  M 
D)  L 
A)  O 
B)  N 
C)  M 
D)  L

Question 3

IPSP stands for:

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibitory presynaptic summation potential 
B)  inhibitory postsynaptic summation potential 
C)  inhibitory postsynaptic potential 
D)  inhibitory presynaptic potential 
E)  none of these choices 
A)  inhibitory presynaptic summation potential 
B)  inhibitory postsynaptic summation potential 
C)  inhibitory postsynaptic potential 
D)  inhibitory presynaptic potential 
E)  none of these choices

Question 4

Which letter indicates an astrocyte?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 5

Which letter indicates the Na+-K+ pump?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 6

A postsynaptic neuron responds to neurotransmitters released by a presynaptic neuron by creating

Accepted Answer

A)  EPSPs. 
B)  water-filled channels in its membrane. 
C)  IPSPs. 
D)  either EPSPs or IPSPs. 
E)  all of these choices. 
A)  EPSPs. 
B)  water-filled channels in its membrane. 
C)  IPSPs. 
D)  either EPSPs or IPSPs. 
E)  all of these choices.

Question 7

Name the type of membrane channel that opens in response to chemical binding and is found in dendrites of some sensory receptors like pain receptors, and in the dendrites and cell bodies of interneurons and motor neurons.

Accepted Answer

A)  leakage channel 
B)  ligand-gated channels 
C)  mechanically gated channels 
D)  voltage-gated channels 
E)  pressure-sensitive channel 
A)  leakage channel 
B)  ligand-gated channels 
C)  mechanically gated channels 
D)  voltage-gated channels 
E)  pressure-sensitive channel

Question 8

Chromatolysis refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  break up of lysosomes after neural injury. 
B)  Wallerian degeneration after neural injury. 
C)  plasticity of neuron. 
D)  break up of Nissl bodies after neural injury. 
E)  none of these choices. 
A)  break up of lysosomes after neural injury. 
B)  Wallerian degeneration after neural injury. 
C)  plasticity of neuron. 
D)  break up of Nissl bodies after neural injury. 
E)  none of these choices.

Question 9

Name the type of membrane channel that opens in response to changes in membrane potential and is located in axons of all types of neurons.

Accepted Answer

A)  leakage channel 
B)  ligand-gated channels 
C)  mechanically gated channels 
D)  voltage-gated channels 
E)  temperature-sensitive channel 
A)  leakage channel 
B)  ligand-gated channels 
C)  mechanically gated channels 
D)  voltage-gated channels 
E)  temperature-sensitive channel

Question 10

In the diagram where are axon terminals?

Accepted Answer

A)  F 
B)  G 
C)  H 
D)  I 
E)  None of these choices 
A)  F 
B)  G 
C)  H 
D)  I 
E)  None of these choices

Question 11

If a neurotransmitter depolarizes the postsynaptic membrane it is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  excitatory 
B)  inhibitory 
C)  spatial 
D)  temporal 
E)  summation 
A)  excitatory 
B)  inhibitory 
C)  spatial 
D)  temporal 
E)  summation

Question 12

A depolarizing graded potential

Accepted Answer

A)  makes the membrane more polarized. 
B)  makes the membrane less polarized. 
C)  is not considered a graded potential. 
D)  is the last part of an action potential. 
E)  is seen when the cell approaches threshold. 
A)  makes the membrane more polarized. 
B)  makes the membrane less polarized. 
C)  is not considered a graded potential. 
D)  is the last part of an action potential. 
E)  is seen when the cell approaches threshold.

Question 13

Where does summation occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  in the synaptic cleft 
B)  in the dendrites 
C)  at the trigger zone 
D)  in the neuron nucleus 
E)  in the neuroplasm 
A)  in the synaptic cleft 
B)  in the dendrites 
C)  at the trigger zone 
D)  in the neuron nucleus 
E)  in the neuroplasm

Question 14

When a depolarizing graded potential makes the axon membrane depolarize to threshold,

Accepted Answer

A)  ligand-gated Ca+2 channels close rapidly. 
B)  voltage-gated Ca+2 channels open rapidly. 
C)  ligand-gated Na+ channels close rapidly. 
D)  voltage-gated Na+ channels open rapidly. 
E)  none of these choices. 
A)  ligand-gated Ca+2 channels close rapidly. 
B)  voltage-gated Ca+2 channels open rapidly. 
C)  ligand-gated Na+ channels close rapidly. 
D)  voltage-gated Na+ channels open rapidly. 
E)  none of these choices.

Question 15

Which portion of the diagram represents the myelin sheath as it is wrapped around the neurolemma?

Accepted Answer

A)  C 
B)  D 
C)  E 
D)  F 
E)  G 
A)  C 
B)  D 
C)  E 
D)  F 
E)  G

Question 16

Saltatory conduction

Accepted Answer

A)  can occur in unmyelinated axons. 
B)  happens due to an even distribution of voltage-gated Na+ channels. 
C)  encodes only action potentials that are initiated in response to pain. 
D)  occurs in unmyelinated axons and happens due to even distribution of voltage-gated Na+ channels. 
E)  occurs only in myelinated axons. 
A)  can occur in unmyelinated axons. 
B)  happens due to an even distribution of voltage-gated Na+ channels. 
C)  encodes only action potentials that are initiated in response to pain. 
D)  occurs in unmyelinated axons and happens due to even distribution of voltage-gated Na+ channels. 
E)  occurs only in myelinated axons.

Question 17

The resting membrane potential is indicated by which letter?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 18

During which period can a second action potential be initiated only by a larger than normal stimulus?

Accepted Answer

A)  refractory period 
B)  absolute refractory period 
C)  relative refractory period 
D)  all of these choices 
E)  none of these choices 
A)  refractory period 
B)  absolute refractory period 
C)  relative refractory period 
D)  all of these choices 
E)  none of these choices

Question 19

When the summed total of postsynaptic potentials rises above threshold, creation of action potentials occurs

Accepted Answer

A)  in the synaptic cleft. 
B)  in the dendrites. 
C)  at the trigger zone. 
D)  in the neuron nucleus. 
E)  in the neuroplasm. 
A)  in the synaptic cleft. 
B)  in the dendrites. 
C)  at the trigger zone. 
D)  in the neuron nucleus. 
E)  in the neuroplasm.

Question 20

This is the site of protein synthesis in a neuron.

Accepted Answer

A)  mitochondria 
B)  nucleus 
C)  nissl body 
D)  dendrite 
E)  axon 
A)  mitochondria 
B)  nucleus 
C)  nissl body 
D)  dendrite 
E)  axon

Exam 12: Introduction to the Nervous System

The nervous system can distinguish between a light touch and a heavier touch by

In the diagram, which pictures a mechanically gated channel?

IPSP stands for:

Which letter indicates an astrocyte?

Which letter indicates the Na+-K+ pump?

A postsynaptic neuron responds to neurotransmitters released by a presynaptic neuron by creating

Name the type of membrane channel that opens in response to chemical binding and is found in dendrites of some sensory receptors like pain receptors, and in the dendrites and cell bodies of interneurons and motor neurons.

Chromatolysis refers to

Name the type of membrane channel that opens in response to changes in membrane potential and is located in axons of all types of neurons.

In the diagram where are axon terminals?

If a neurotransmitter depolarizes the postsynaptic membrane it is referred to as:

A depolarizing graded potential

Where does summation occur?

When a depolarizing graded potential makes the axon membrane depolarize to threshold,

Which portion of the diagram represents the myelin sheath as it is wrapped around the neurolemma?

Saltatory conduction

The resting membrane potential is indicated by which letter?

During which period can a second action potential be initiated only by a larger than normal stimulus?

When the summed total of postsynaptic potentials rises above threshold, creation of action potentials occurs

This is the site of protein synthesis in a neuron.

An Introduction to the Human Body

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Introduction to the Skeletal System

The Axial Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton

Articulations

Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System

Sensory, Motor, and Integrative Systems

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

The Cardiovascular System: the Blood

The Cardiovascular System: the Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

The Urinary System

The Reproductive Systems and Development

Filters

Which letter indicates the Na⁺-K⁺ pump?