Question 1

Which of the following cell types is primarily responsible for breaking down osseous (bony) matrix?

Accepted Answer

A)  osteoblast 
B)  osteocyte 
C)  chondroclast 
D)  osteoclast 
E)  chondrocyte 
A)  osteoblast 
B)  osteocyte 
C)  chondroclast 
D)  osteoclast 
E)  chondrocyte D

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT made of dense irregular connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

A)  periosteum 
B)  perichondrium 
C)  fibrous portion of an articular capsule 
D)  reticular layer of the dermis 
E)  yellow marrow 
A)  periosteum 
B)  perichondrium 
C)  fibrous portion of an articular capsule 
D)  reticular layer of the dermis 
E)  yellow marrow E

Question 3

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  The clavicle is the last bone to cease growth. 
B)  If a bone fractures at the epiphyseal line, it may end up shorter than normal. 
C)  Cartilage takes much longer to heal than bone. 
D)  Bone is highly vascular. 
E)  Closure of the epiphyseal plate can be used to determine age at death from skeletal remains. 
A)  The clavicle is the last bone to cease growth. 
B)  If a bone fractures at the epiphyseal line, it may end up shorter than normal. 
C)  Cartilage takes much longer to heal than bone. 
D)  Bone is highly vascular. 
E)  Closure of the epiphyseal plate can be used to determine age at death from skeletal remains. B

Question 4

Which of the following is a TRUE statement?

Accepted Answer

A)  The patellae are the largest of what are called sesamoid bones, which develop within tendons. 
B)  Bones are not classified according to their shape. 
C)  Irregular bones include the temporal and frontal bones. 
D)  Short bones include the bones of the forearm, the radius and ulna. 
E)  Long bones are extremely straight so that they can absorb stress. 
A)  The patellae are the largest of what are called sesamoid bones, which develop within tendons. 
B)  Bones are not classified according to their shape. 
C)  Irregular bones include the temporal and frontal bones. 
D)  Short bones include the bones of the forearm, the radius and ulna. 
E)  Long bones are extremely straight so that they can absorb stress.

Question 5

Which of these is a thin membrane lining the internal bone surface that is facing the medullary cavity?

Accepted Answer

A)  endosteum 
B)  epiphysis 
C)  metaphysis 
D)  periosteum 
E)  articular cartilage 
A)  endosteum 
B)  epiphysis 
C)  metaphysis 
D)  periosteum 
E)  articular cartilage

Question 6

Which of these is a thin layer of hyaline cartilage covering the region of the epiphysis where the bone articulates?

Accepted Answer

A)  metaphysic 
B)  articular cartilage 
C)  endosteum 
D)  periosteum 
E)  epiphysis 
A)  metaphysic 
B)  articular cartilage 
C)  endosteum 
D)  periosteum 
E)  epiphysis

Question 7

In the diagram, where are the trabeculae?

Accepted Answer

A)  B 
B)  C 
C)  D 
D)  E 
E)  F 
A)  B 
B)  C 
C)  D 
D)  E 
E)  F

Question 8

Name and describe the major arteries found in bone.

Accepted Answer

The periosteal arteries accompany nerves

Question 9

Briefly describe the steps in bone deposition.

Accepted Answer

During bone deposition, osteogenic cells

Question 10

Put the bones cells in order of their maturation from unspecialized to specialized.

Accepted Answer

A)  osteogenic cells, osteoblasts, osteocytes 
B)  osteoblasts, osteoclasts, osteogenic cells 
C)  osteogenic cells, osteocytes, osteoblasts 
D)  osteoclasts, osteogenic cells, osteocytes 
E)  osteogenic cells, osteoclasts, osteocytes 
A)  osteogenic cells, osteoblasts, osteocytes 
B)  osteoblasts, osteoclasts, osteogenic cells 
C)  osteogenic cells, osteocytes, osteoblasts 
D)  osteoclasts, osteogenic cells, osteocytes 
E)  osteogenic cells, osteoclasts, osteocytes

Question 11

During adulthood, which of the following does NOT contribute to bone remodeling and growth?

Accepted Answer

A)  calcium 
B)  vitamin E 
C)  vitamin K 
D)  sex hormones 
E)  weight bearing exercise 
A)  calcium 
B)  vitamin E 
C)  vitamin K 
D)  sex hormones 
E)  weight bearing exercise

Question 12

Which of the following bones originates from a cluster of mesenchymal cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  sternum 
B)  temporal bone 
C)  femur 
D)  cervical vertebrae 
E)  humerus 
A)  sternum 
B)  temporal bone 
C)  femur 
D)  cervical vertebrae 
E)  humerus

Question 13

Which of these bone types is roughly cube shaped and is nearly equal in length and width?

Accepted Answer

A)  long 
B)  flat 
C)  short 
D)  sesamoid 
E)  irregular 
A)  long 
B)  flat 
C)  short 
D)  sesamoid 
E)  irregular

Question 14

Briefly describe the steps in intramembranous ossification.

Accepted Answer

Intramembranous ossification begins with

Question 15

This tissue associated with bone promotes bone growth in width.

Accepted Answer

A)  periosteum 
B)  endosteum 
C)  marrow 
D)  epiphysis 
E)  metaphysis 
A)  periosteum 
B)  endosteum 
C)  marrow 
D)  epiphysis 
E)  metaphysis

Question 16

In the diagram, where is the osteon?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 17

The skeletal system ___.

Accepted Answer

A)  provides attachment points for skeletal muscle 
B)  stores and releases minerals such as calcium 
C)  is a site of hematopoeisis (blood cell formation) 
D)  stores triglycerides in yellow marrow 
E)  all of these choices 
A)  provides attachment points for skeletal muscle 
B)  stores and releases minerals such as calcium 
C)  is a site of hematopoeisis (blood cell formation) 
D)  stores triglycerides in yellow marrow 
E)  all of these choices

Question 18

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  The proximal and distal diaphyses are sites where red bone marrow can be found in adults. 
B)  Articular cartilage is composed of elastic cartilage. 
C)  The extracellular matrix of bone has no collagen fibers. 
D)  Spongy bone is characterized by the presence of osteons. 
E)  Bony tissue gets its flexibility from mineral salts in the extracellular matrix. 
A)  The proximal and distal diaphyses are sites where red bone marrow can be found in adults. 
B)  Articular cartilage is composed of elastic cartilage. 
C)  The extracellular matrix of bone has no collagen fibers. 
D)  Spongy bone is characterized by the presence of osteons. 
E)  Bony tissue gets its flexibility from mineral salts in the extracellular matrix.

Question 19

Spongy bone lacks ___.

Accepted Answer

A)  lamellae 
B)  lacunae 
C)  osteocytes 
D)  osteons 
E)  blood 
A)  lamellae 
B)  lacunae 
C)  osteocytes 
D)  osteons 
E)  blood

Question 20

Which type of bone is the scapula?

Accepted Answer

A)  long bone 
B)  short bone 
C)  flat bone 
D)  irregular bone 
E)  sesamoid bone 
A)  long bone 
B)  short bone 
C)  flat bone 
D)  irregular bone 
E)  sesamoid bone

Exam 6: Introduction to the Skeletal System

Which of the following cell types is primarily responsible for breaking down osseous (bony) matrix?

Which of the following is NOT made of dense irregular connective tissue?

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Which of the following is a TRUE statement?

Which of these is a thin membrane lining the internal bone surface that is facing the medullary cavity?

Which of these is a thin layer of hyaline cartilage covering the region of the epiphysis where the bone articulates?

In the diagram, where are the trabeculae?

Name and describe the major arteries found in bone.

Briefly describe the steps in bone deposition.

Put the bones cells in order of their maturation from unspecialized to specialized.

During adulthood, which of the following does NOT contribute to bone remodeling and growth?

Which of the following bones originates from a cluster of mesenchymal cells?

Which of these bone types is roughly cube shaped and is nearly equal in length and width?

Briefly describe the steps in intramembranous ossification.

This tissue associated with bone promotes bone growth in width.

In the diagram, where is the osteon?

The skeletal system ___.

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Spongy bone lacks ___.

Which type of bone is the scapula?

An Introduction to the Human Body

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

The Axial Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton

Articulations

Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Introduction to the Nervous System

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System

Sensory, Motor, and Integrative Systems

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

The Cardiovascular System: the Blood

The Cardiovascular System: the Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

The Urinary System

The Reproductive Systems and Development

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