Exam 10: Lineups and Other Means of Pretrial Identification

The judicial integrity rationale used to justify the exclusionary rule: I. is based on the idea that the honor and honesty of courts forbids them to participate in unconstitutional conduct. II. requires that the government obtain criminal convictions without violating rights. III. views the exclusionary rule as a right. IV. views the freedom from illegal searches and seizures as a preventative measure.

The idea that evidence that has been illegally obtained, but would have eventually found through constitutional means should thus not be excluded by virtue of the exclusionary rule is _______________________.

Another name for the objective test of entrapment is the __________________.

Historically in the United States, the entrapment defense was not recognized for much of our history.

The Supreme Court has specifically rejected the rationale that the exclusionary rule is a constitutional right.

The Supreme Court has held that the defense of entrapment is a constitutional right.

The exclusionary rule does not apply to:

In Jacobson v. U.S. (1992), involving a man charged with the illegal possession of child pornography, the Supreme Court ruled that:

According to the Supreme Court opinion in Herring v. U.S. (2009), involving a search pursuant to an active arrest warrant that was later discovered to have been recalled several months earlier:

Under the objective test of entrapment, the decision whether a defendant has been entrapped is made by:

The majority of state and federal courts have adopted the subjective test of entrapment.

The ________________ exception to the exclusionary rule is based on an objective test of whether a well-trained officer would have known his or her actions were illegal under the circumstances.

The idea that evidence illegally obtained by police can still be admitted at trial if the link between the police illegality and the evidence's discovery is weak enough is called _________________.

The government can prove disposition to commit an offense, to rebut an entrapment defense, by showing a defendant's: I. prior convictions for similar offenses. II. willingness to commit similar offenses. III. prior criminal activity not resulting in conviction. IV. active solicitation of the crime.

The exclusionary rule does not prevent prosecutors from using illegally seized evidence to impeach defendants' testimony.

In Arizona v. Evans, the U.S. Supreme Court held that the exclusionary rule does not require suppression of evidence incident to an arrest stemming from inaccurate computer records because of who was involved in keeping the records.

In the 1949 case Wolf v. Colorado, the Supreme Court:

The Supreme Court's decision in Weeks v. U.S. in 1914 is significant because it:

The part of the trial when the government presents its evidence to prove the defendant's guilt is called the _________________.

Recent research into the effects of the exclusionary rule indicates that the exclusionary rule affects only a minuscule number of cases.