Question 1

Identifying children with learning disabilities:

Accepted Answer

A)  is likely before children enter school. 
B)  typically does not happen until children enter school. 
C)  is easy to distinguish from challenges due to a disadvantaged environment. 
D)  is easy to determine. 
A)  is likely before children enter school. 
B)  typically does not happen until children enter school. 
C)  is easy to distinguish from challenges due to a disadvantaged environment. 
D)  is easy to determine. B

Question 2

Children with learning disabilities create special challenges for developmental psychologists because it is difficult to identify the disorder.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

Formal education differs from apprenticeships in which of the following areas?

Accepted Answer

A)  Apprenticeship includes explicit instruction in target skills. 
B)  Formal education includes explicit instruction in target skills. 
C)  Apprenticeship is much less closely woven into the fabric of the society than is education. 
D)  Formal education includes a much closer social bond between teacher and student than typically exists between apprentice and master. 
A)  Apprenticeship includes explicit instruction in target skills. 
B)  Formal education includes explicit instruction in target skills. 
C)  Apprenticeship is much less closely woven into the fabric of the society than is education. 
D)  Formal education includes a much closer social bond between teacher and student than typically exists between apprentice and master. B

Question 4

What is a criticism of the standard classroom format?

Accepted Answer

A)  It puts students in the role of active learners. 
B)  Students practice on real-world problems. 
C)  Students formulate their own problems. 
D)  Students do not practice on real-world problems. 
A)  It puts students in the role of active learners. 
B)  Students practice on real-world problems. 
C)  Students formulate their own problems. 
D)  Students do not practice on real-world problems.

Question 5

In a study examining the link between phonological processing and dyslexia, Siegel and her colleagues compared normal and dyslexic readers in their ability to read pseudowords and found that by:

Accepted Answer

A)  9 years of age, normal readers were NOT proficient in reading pseudowords. 
B)  9 years of age, dyslexic readers were quite proficient in reading pseudowords. 
C)  14 years of age, dyslexic readers were better at reading pseudowords than normal 7-year-olds. 
D)  14 years of age, dyslexic readers were NO better at reading pseudowords than normal 7-year-olds. 
A)  9 years of age, normal readers were NOT proficient in reading pseudowords. 
B)  9 years of age, dyslexic readers were quite proficient in reading pseudowords. 
C)  14 years of age, dyslexic readers were better at reading pseudowords than normal 7-year-olds. 
D)  14 years of age, dyslexic readers were NO better at reading pseudowords than normal 7-year-olds.

Question 6

The knowledge, skills, and attitudes that provide the building blocks for learning how to do math are known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  emergent literacy. 
B)  emergent numeracy. 
C)  decoding. 
D)  top-down processing. 
A)  emergent literacy. 
B)  emergent numeracy. 
C)  decoding. 
D)  top-down processing.

Question 7

School problem solving supports:

Accepted Answer

A)  reasoning based on particular concrete experience. 
B)  use of abstract reasoning. 
C)  practical intelligence. 
D)  the need to search out new information. 
A)  reasoning based on particular concrete experience. 
B)  use of abstract reasoning. 
C)  practical intelligence. 
D)  the need to search out new information.

Question 8

As children gain mathematical experience during elementary school they are able to:

Accepted Answer

A)  distinguish between a set containing six objects and a set containing twelve objects. 
B)  count to five. 
C)  count crayons by saying "three, five, six." 
D)  envision quantities in terms of a mental number line. 
A)  distinguish between a set containing six objects and a set containing twelve objects. 
B)  count to five. 
C)  count crayons by saying "three, five, six." 
D)  envision quantities in terms of a mental number line.

Question 9

Which method of diagnosing specific learning disabilities involves identifying students with specific learning disabilities based on their lack of responsiveness to interventions that are designed to increase performance in problem areas?

Accepted Answer

A)  severe discrepancy 
B)  response to intervention 
C)  patterns of strengths and weaknesses 
D)  overall intellectual functioning 
A)  severe discrepancy 
B)  response to intervention 
C)  patterns of strengths and weaknesses 
D)  overall intellectual functioning

Question 10

According to Cobb and his colleagues, realistic mathematics education should do all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  use meaningful activities. 
B)  emphasize top-down processing. 
C)  support basic mathematical skills. 
D)  use models to aid learning. 
A)  use meaningful activities. 
B)  emphasize top-down processing. 
C)  support basic mathematical skills. 
D)  use models to aid learning.

Question 11

Children who attend regular Head Start or special model programs show gains in intellectual performance and socio-emotional development.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Chris regularly attends Head Start. He can be expected to show:

Accepted Answer

A)  meaningful gains in intellectual performance, but not in socio-emotional development. 
B)  meaningful gains in socio-emotional development, but not in intellectual performance. 
C)  meaningful gains in both intellectual performance and socio-emotional development. 
D)  no gains in either intellectual performance or socio-emotional development. 
A)  meaningful gains in intellectual performance, but not in socio-emotional development. 
B)  meaningful gains in socio-emotional development, but not in intellectual performance. 
C)  meaningful gains in both intellectual performance and socio-emotional development. 
D)  no gains in either intellectual performance or socio-emotional development.

Question 13

One of the most widely used methods to distinguish children with a specific learning disability is to analyze their performance on an IQ test and on an academic achievement test. Children with specific learning disabilities have:

Accepted Answer

A)  an overall IQ score in the normal range but show a large discrepancy in performance on different parts of the test. 
B)  an overall low IQ score. 
C)  an overall low academic achievement test score. 
D)  an overall high academic achievement test score, but a low overall IQ score. 
A)  an overall IQ score in the normal range but show a large discrepancy in performance on different parts of the test. 
B)  an overall low IQ score. 
C)  an overall low academic achievement test score. 
D)  an overall high academic achievement test score, but a low overall IQ score.

Question 14

Mapping number words onto the base-10 number system is easier for English-speaking children.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

When nonschooled children are asked to remember materials that are part of a meaningful setting such as furniture location or kinds of animals in a barnyard, their performance falls below the level of performance typically found for schooled children.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

How are children with learning disabilities distinguished from their classmates?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are assessed as having low intelligence and low achievement levels. 
B)  There is a discrepancy between their performance on different parts of the IQ test. 
C)  Their disability is readily apparent. 
D)  They have vision and hearing problems. 
A)  They are assessed as having low intelligence and low achievement levels. 
B)  There is a discrepancy between their performance on different parts of the IQ test. 
C)  Their disability is readily apparent. 
D)  They have vision and hearing problems.

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of "bottom-up" processing?

Accepted Answer

A)  identifying letters 
B)  understanding the meaning of an ambiguous passage 
C)  using information for interpretation based on prior knowledge 
D)  learning letters, then words, then phrases, then sentences, then paragraphs, etc. 
A)  identifying letters 
B)  understanding the meaning of an ambiguous passage 
C)  using information for interpretation based on prior knowledge 
D)  learning letters, then words, then phrases, then sentences, then paragraphs, etc.

Question 18

According to Heath (1983), the home discourse of teachers reflected ____________, while the home discourse of textile workers reflected ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  known-answer questions and making clear the relationship between what was being read and the child's life; known-answer questions and no connection to linking the stories to the world around them 
B)  few known-answer questions; known-answer questions and attention to the moral of a story 
C)  known-answer questions and no connection to linking the stories to the world around them; known-answer questions and making clear the relationship between what was being read and the child's life 
D)  known-answer questions and making clear the relationship between what was being read and the child's life; few known-answer questions 
A)  known-answer questions and making clear the relationship between what was being read and the child's life; known-answer questions and no connection to linking the stories to the world around them 
B)  few known-answer questions; known-answer questions and attention to the moral of a story 
C)  known-answer questions and no connection to linking the stories to the world around them; known-answer questions and making clear the relationship between what was being read and the child's life 
D)  known-answer questions and making clear the relationship between what was being read and the child's life; few known-answer questions

Question 19

Students whose mathematics instruction focused on traditional recitation scripts scored better in ____________, while students whose mathematics instruction focused on problem- oriented approaches scored better in ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  procedural knowledge; conceptual knowledge 
B)  conceptual knowledge; utilization knowledge 
C)  conceptual knowledge; procedural knowledge 
D)  utilization knowledge; conceptual knowledge 
A)  procedural knowledge; conceptual knowledge 
B)  conceptual knowledge; utilization knowledge 
C)  conceptual knowledge; procedural knowledge 
D)  utilization knowledge; conceptual knowledge

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of everyday problems?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are generally poorly defined. 
B)  They draw on analytic intelligence. 
C)  They require people to seek new information. 
D)  They are embedded in ordinary experience. 
A)  They are generally poorly defined. 
B)  They draw on analytic intelligence. 
C)  They require people to seek new information. 
D)  They are embedded in ordinary experience.

Identifying children with learning disabilities:

Children with learning disabilities create special challenges for developmental psychologists because it is difficult to identify the disorder.

Formal education differs from apprenticeships in which of the following areas?

What is a criticism of the standard classroom format?

In a study examining the link between phonological processing and dyslexia, Siegel and her colleagues compared normal and dyslexic readers in their ability to read pseudowords and found that by:

The knowledge, skills, and attitudes that provide the building blocks for learning how to do math are known as:

School problem solving supports:

As children gain mathematical experience during elementary school they are able to:

Which method of diagnosing specific learning disabilities involves identifying students with specific learning disabilities based on their lack of responsiveness to interventions that are designed to increase performance in problem areas?

According to Cobb and his colleagues, realistic mathematics education should do all of the following EXCEPT:

Children who attend regular Head Start or special model programs show gains in intellectual performance and socio-emotional development.

Chris regularly attends Head Start. He can be expected to show:

One of the most widely used methods to distinguish children with a specific learning disability is to analyze their performance on an IQ test and on an academic achievement test. Children with specific learning disabilities have:

Mapping number words onto the base-10 number system is easier for English-speaking children.

When nonschooled children are asked to remember materials that are part of a meaningful setting such as furniture location or kinds of animals in a barnyard, their performance falls below the level of performance typically found for schooled children.

How are children with learning disabilities distinguished from their classmates?

Which of the following is an example of "bottom-up" processing?

According to Heath (1983), the home discourse of teachers reflected , while the home discourse of textile workers reflected .

Students whose mathematics instruction focused on traditional recitation scripts scored better in , while students whose mathematics instruction focused on problem- oriented approaches scored better in .

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of everyday problems?

The Study of Human Development

Biocultural Foundations

Prenatal Development and Birth

The First 3 Months

Physical and Cognitive Development in Infancy

Social and Emotional Development in Infancy

Language Acquisition

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Social and Emotional Development in Early Childhood

Contexts of Development

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Social and Emotional Development in Middle Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Social and Emotional Development in Adolescence

Filters

Exam 12: School As Context for Development

Identifying children with learning disabilities:

Children with learning disabilities create special challenges for developmental psychologists because it is difficult to identify the disorder.

Formal education differs from apprenticeships in which of the following areas?

What is a criticism of the standard classroom format?

In a study examining the link between phonological processing and dyslexia, Siegel and her colleagues compared normal and dyslexic readers in their ability to read pseudowords and found that by:

The knowledge, skills, and attitudes that provide the building blocks for learning how to do math are known as:

School problem solving supports:

As children gain mathematical experience during elementary school they are able to:

Which method of diagnosing specific learning disabilities involves identifying students with specific learning disabilities based on their lack of responsiveness to interventions that are designed to increase performance in problem areas?

According to Cobb and his colleagues, realistic mathematics education should do all of the following EXCEPT:

Children who attend regular Head Start or special model programs show gains in intellectual performance and socio-emotional development.

Chris regularly attends Head Start. He can be expected to show:

One of the most widely used methods to distinguish children with a specific learning disability is to analyze their performance on an IQ test and on an academic achievement test. Children with specific learning disabilities have:

Mapping number words onto the base-10 number system is easier for English-speaking children.

When nonschooled children are asked to remember materials that are part of a meaningful setting such as furniture location or kinds of animals in a barnyard, their performance falls below the level of performance typically found for schooled children.

How are children with learning disabilities distinguished from their classmates?

Which of the following is an example of "bottom-up" processing?

According to Heath (1983), the home discourse of teachers reflected ____________, while the home discourse of textile workers reflected ____________.

Students whose mathematics instruction focused on traditional recitation scripts scored better in ____________, while students whose mathematics instruction focused on problem- oriented approaches scored better in ____________.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of everyday problems?

The Study of Human Development

Biocultural Foundations

Prenatal Development and Birth

The First 3 Months

Physical and Cognitive Development in Infancy

Social and Emotional Development in Infancy

Language Acquisition

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Social and Emotional Development in Early Childhood

Contexts of Development

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Social and Emotional Development in Middle Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Social and Emotional Development in Adolescence

Filters

According to Heath (1983), the home discourse of teachers reflected , while the home discourse of textile workers reflected .

Students whose mathematics instruction focused on traditional recitation scripts scored better in , while students whose mathematics instruction focused on problem- oriented approaches scored better in .