Question 1

If two groups are genetically isolated from each other, then by definition:

Accepted Answer

A) the two groups look different. 
B) one group cannot exchange genes with the other group. 
C) one group lives longer than the other. 
D) one group is more fit than the other group. 
E) gene flow occurs between the two groups. 
A) the two groups look different. 
B) one group cannot exchange genes with the other group. 
C) one group lives longer than the other. 
D) one group is more fit than the other group. 
E) gene flow occurs between the two groups.

Question 2

______ is the sum total of all the alleles of all the genes in a population.

Accepted Answer

A) The genotype 
B) The gene pool 
C) Evolution 
D) Population genetics 
E) A species 
A) The genotype 
B) The gene pool 
C) Evolution 
D) Population genetics 
E) A species

Question 3

An example of adaptive radiation is the sudden diversification of new species from a common ancestor living on one of several neighboring islands.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a necessary condition for a population to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

A) no natural selection 
B) isolation from other populations 
C) no mutations 
D) nonrandom mating 
E) large population size 
A) no natural selection 
B) isolation from other populations 
C) no mutations 
D) nonrandom mating 
E) large population size

Question 5

The origin of taxonomic groups above the species level requires mechanisms that are different from those responsible for the origin of species.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Sympatric speciation can occur without polyploidy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Genetic drift tends to have a greater impact on evolution in large populations than in small populations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

When biologists speak of the "fitness" of an organism they are referring to:

Accepted Answer

A) its strength. 
B) its beauty. 
C) its resistance to disease. 
D) the size of its gene pool. 
E) the number of its surviving offspring. 
A) its strength. 
B) its beauty. 
C) its resistance to disease. 
D) the size of its gene pool. 
E) the number of its surviving offspring.

Question 9

An example of ______ is when a single plant seed is carried by the wind to a remote island where it initiates a new population.

Accepted Answer

A) nonrandom mating 
B) natural selection 
C) fitness 
D) the founder effect 
E) the bottleneck effect 
A) nonrandom mating 
B) natural selection 
C) fitness 
D) the founder effect 
E) the bottleneck effect

Question 10

A trait that is favored in one environment may be disadvantageous in another.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

By definition, _______ is the term that refers to changes in a gene pool due to chance.

Accepted Answer

A) mutation 
B) genetic drift 
C) gene flow 
D) natural selection 
E) nonrandom mating 
A) mutation 
B) genetic drift 
C) gene flow 
D) natural selection 
E) nonrandom mating

Question 12

Gene flow can introduce new alleles into a population.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Cross-pollination between individuals of the same species is called:

Accepted Answer

A) polyploidization. 
B) hybridization. 
C) recombination speciation. 
D) outcrossing. 
E) apomixis. 
A) polyploidization. 
B) hybridization. 
C) recombination speciation. 
D) outcrossing. 
E) apomixis.

Question 14

______ warned of the hazards of increased human population growth.

Accepted Answer

A) Charles Lyell 
B) Gregor Mendel 
C) Thomas Malthus 
D) Charles Darwin 
E) Jean Baptiste de Lamarck 
A) Charles Lyell 
B) Gregor Mendel 
C) Thomas Malthus 
D) Charles Darwin 
E) Jean Baptiste de Lamarck

Question 15

Approximately ______ percent of flowering plants are polyploid.

Accepted Answer

A) 10 to 25 
B) 35 to 47 
C) 47 to 70 
D) 70 to 83 
E) 83 to 95 
A) 10 to 25 
B) 35 to 47 
C) 47 to 70 
D) 70 to 83 
E) 83 to 95

Question 16

One of the most important polyploid groups is the:

Accepted Answer

A) salt-marsh grasses. 
B) wheats. 
C) goat's beards. 
D) sunflowers. 
E) horsetails. 
A) salt-marsh grasses. 
B) wheats. 
C) goat's beards. 
D) sunflowers. 
E) horsetails.

Question 17

Humans breed plants and animals through the process of:

Accepted Answer

A) artificial selection. 
B) natural selection. 
C) survival of the fittest. 
D) evolution. 
E) mutation. 
A) artificial selection. 
B) natural selection. 
C) survival of the fittest. 
D) evolution. 
E) mutation.

Question 18

The raw material for evolutionary change is provided by:

Accepted Answer

A) sexual reproduction. 
B) asexual reproduction. 
C) mutations. 
D) meiosis. 
E) mitosis. 
A) sexual reproduction. 
B) asexual reproduction. 
C) mutations. 
D) meiosis. 
E) mitosis.

Question 19

Allopatric speciation is different from sympatric speciation in that allopatric speciation involves:

Accepted Answer

A) polyploidy. 
B) geographic isolation. 
C) hybridization. 
D) nondisjunction during meiosis. 
E) nondisjunction during mitosis. 
A) polyploidy. 
B) geographic isolation. 
C) hybridization. 
D) nondisjunction during meiosis. 
E) nondisjunction during mitosis.

Question 20

Which is the mathematical representation of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

A) p2 + q2 = 0 
B) p2+ 2pq + q2 = 1 
C) p2+ q2 = 1 
D) 2pq + (p2 + q2) = 1 
E) 2pq + 2(pq2) = p2 + q2 = 1 
A) p2 + q2 = 0 
B) p2+ 2pq + q2 = 1 
C) p2+ q2 = 1 
D) 2pq + (p2 + q2) = 1 
E) 2pq + 2(pq2) = p2 + q2 = 1

Exam 11: The Process of Evolution

If two groups are genetically isolated from each other, then by definition:

______ is the sum total of all the alleles of all the genes in a population.

An example of adaptive radiation is the sudden diversification of new species from a common ancestor living on one of several neighboring islands.

Which of the following is NOT a necessary condition for a population to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

The origin of taxonomic groups above the species level requires mechanisms that are different from those responsible for the origin of species.

Sympatric speciation can occur without polyploidy.

Genetic drift tends to have a greater impact on evolution in large populations than in small populations.

When biologists speak of the "fitness" of an organism they are referring to:

An example of ______ is when a single plant seed is carried by the wind to a remote island where it initiates a new population.

A trait that is favored in one environment may be disadvantageous in another.

By definition, _______ is the term that refers to changes in a gene pool due to chance.

Gene flow can introduce new alleles into a population.

Cross-pollination between individuals of the same species is called:

______ warned of the hazards of increased human population growth.

Approximately ______ percent of flowering plants are polyploid.

One of the most important polyploid groups is the:

Humans breed plants and animals through the process of:

The raw material for evolutionary change is provided by:

Allopatric speciation is different from sympatric speciation in that allopatric speciation involves:

Which is the mathematical representation of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Botany: an Introduction

The Molecular Composition of Plant Cells

The Plant Cell and the Cell Cycle

The Movement of Substances Into and Out of Cells

The Flow of Energy

Respiration

Photosynthesis, Light, and Life

Sexual Reproduction and Heredity

The Chemistry of Heredity and Gene Expression

Recombinant Dna Technology, Plant Biotechnology, and Genomics

Systematics: the Science of Biological Diversity

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Fungi

Protists: Algae and Heterotrophic Protists

Bryophytes

Seedless Vascular Plants

Gymnosperms

Introduction to the Angiosperms

Evolution of the Angiosperms

Plants and People

Early Development of the Plant Body

Cells and Tissues of the Plant Body

The Root: Structure and Development

The Shoot: Primary Structure and Development

Secondary Growth in Stems

Regulating Growth and Development: the Plant Hormones

External Factors and Plant Growth

Plant Nutrition and Soils

The Movement of Water and Solutes in Plants

The Dynamics of Communities and Ecosystems

Global Ecology

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