Question 1

Which of the following describes second -degree heart block?

Accepted Answer

A)  The atria no longer contract. 
B)  There is a longer delay between atrial contraction and ventricular contraction. 
C)  Not every ventricular contraction is preceded by an atrial contraction. 
D)  Not every atrial contraction is followed by a ventricular contraction. 
E)  The ventricles no longer contract. 
A)  The atria no longer contract. 
B)  There is a longer delay between atrial contraction and ventricular contraction. 
C)  Not every ventricular contraction is preceded by an atrial contraction. 
D)  Not every atrial contraction is followed by a ventricular contraction. 
E)  The ventricles no longer contract. D

Question 2

What structure provides the pathway for the movement of electrical current between the cells of the conduction pathway and the ventricular muscle fibers?

Accepted Answer

A)  desmosomes 
B)  potassium channels 
C)  funny channels 
D)  gap junctions 
E)  sodium channels 
A)  desmosomes 
B)  potassium channels 
C)  funny channels 
D)  gap junctions 
E)  sodium channels D

Question 3

An increase in heart rate can be mediated through which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  a decrease in parasympathetic nervous activity only 
B)  a decrease in sympathetic activity only 
C)  an increase in sympathetic activity only 
D)  an increase in parasympathetic activity and a decrease in sympathetic activity 
E)  a decrease in parasympathetic activity and an increase in sympathetic activity 
A)  a decrease in parasympathetic nervous activity only 
B)  a decrease in sympathetic activity only 
C)  an increase in sympathetic activity only 
D)  an increase in parasympathetic activity and a decrease in sympathetic activity 
E)  a decrease in parasympathetic activity and an increase in sympathetic activity E

Question 4

Which of the following statements best describes the function of the chordae tendineae?

Accepted Answer

A)  They pull downward on the valve cusps, thereby preventing the AV valves from being pushed into the atria (prolapsing). 
B)  They open and close the AV valve due to the movement of the papillary muscle during contraction. 
C)  The chordae tendineae generate autorhythmicity within the heart. 
D)  The chordae tendineae act like a parachute and capture blood as it enters the right ventricle. 
E)  When the heart contracts, the chordate tendineae separate the flow of blood from the right and left sides of the heart. 
A)  They pull downward on the valve cusps, thereby preventing the AV valves from being pushed into the atria (prolapsing). 
B)  They open and close the AV valve due to the movement of the papillary muscle during contraction. 
C)  The chordae tendineae generate autorhythmicity within the heart. 
D)  The chordae tendineae act like a parachute and capture blood as it enters the right ventricle. 
E)  When the heart contracts, the chordate tendineae separate the flow of blood from the right and left sides of the heart.

Question 5

Which chamber of the heart has the thickest musculature?

Accepted Answer

A)  left atrium 
B)  right atrium 
C)  left ventricle 
D)  right ventricle 
E)  Both ventricles have equal thickness and are thicker than the atria. 
A)  left atrium 
B)  right atrium 
C)  left ventricle 
D)  right ventricle 
E)  Both ventricles have equal thickness and are thicker than the atria.

Question 6

Abnormal electrical activity of the heart is called myocardial infarction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The rapid depolarization phase of a pacemaker cell action potential is caused by movement of

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium and calcium through funny channels. 
B)  calcium through T -type channels. 
C)  sodium through funny channels. 
D)  calcium through L -type channels. 
E)  potassium through funny channels. 
A)  sodium and calcium through funny channels. 
B)  calcium through T -type channels. 
C)  sodium through funny channels. 
D)  calcium through L -type channels. 
E)  potassium through funny channels.

Question 8

Which of the following statements best describes a portal system?

Accepted Answer

A)  The portal system allows enough pressure to be generated to close the foramen ovale in the fetal heart. 
B)  The portal system refers to ports located in the veins (which does not allow for the backflow of blood). 
C)  Blood flows from one capillary bed to another, bypassing general circulation. 
D)  Blood flows in one direction throughout the circulatory system. 
E)  The portal system is the same as parallel flow. 
A)  The portal system allows enough pressure to be generated to close the foramen ovale in the fetal heart. 
B)  The portal system refers to ports located in the veins (which does not allow for the backflow of blood). 
C)  Blood flows from one capillary bed to another, bypassing general circulation. 
D)  Blood flows in one direction throughout the circulatory system. 
E)  The portal system is the same as parallel flow.

Question 9

The contractile cycle of the heart normally originates from a pacemaker cell within the sinoatrial node.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The end -diastolic volume minus the end -systolic volume is the

Accepted Answer

A)  ejection fraction. 
B)  cardiac output. 
C)  total atrial volume. 
D)  total ventricular volume. 
E)  stroke volume. 
A)  ejection fraction. 
B)  cardiac output. 
C)  total atrial volume. 
D)  total ventricular volume. 
E)  stroke volume.

Question 11

The increase in ventricular volume early in diastole reflects the

Accepted Answer

A)  increased stiffness of the heart. 
B)  contraction of the atria moving blood into the ventricle. 
C)  relaxation of the ventricle. 
D)  passive movement of blood through the atrium and into the ventricle. 
E)  back -flow of blood from the aorta. 
A)  increased stiffness of the heart. 
B)  contraction of the atria moving blood into the ventricle. 
C)  relaxation of the ventricle. 
D)  passive movement of blood through the atrium and into the ventricle. 
E)  back -flow of blood from the aorta.

Question 12

The second heart sound coincides with the beginning of which period in the cardiac cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  atrial contraction 
B)  ventricular filling 
C)  isovolumetric contraction 
D)  isovolumetric relaxation 
E)  ventricular ejection 
A)  atrial contraction 
B)  ventricular filling 
C)  isovolumetric contraction 
D)  isovolumetric relaxation 
E)  ventricular ejection

Question 13

Which statement best describes parallel flow in the circulatory system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Parallel flow refers to the flow of blood just to the heart itself, which keeps it oxygenated at all times. 
B)  In the systemic circuit blood flows from one organ directly to the next, hence in parallel. 
C)  Parallel flow refers to the flow of electrical impulses in the heart. 
D)  The organs of the body are arranged in a parallel circuit to allow adequate flow and pressure to all body systems and maintain homeostasis of blood pressure. 
E)  Parallel flow refers to deoxygenated blood only and not to oxygenated blood. 
A)  Parallel flow refers to the flow of blood just to the heart itself, which keeps it oxygenated at all times. 
B)  In the systemic circuit blood flows from one organ directly to the next, hence in parallel. 
C)  Parallel flow refers to the flow of electrical impulses in the heart. 
D)  The organs of the body are arranged in a parallel circuit to allow adequate flow and pressure to all body systems and maintain homeostasis of blood pressure. 
E)  Parallel flow refers to deoxygenated blood only and not to oxygenated blood.

Question 14

Ion channels within the conduction system of the heart determine the frequency of contractile cycles generated by the heart. Describe the autorhythmic properties of the heart, with particular emphasis on the ion channels involved in the pacemaker potentials.

Accepted Answer

The pacemaker cells of the heart are inv

Question 15

Blood is ejected from the left ventricle once pressure within the

Accepted Answer

A)  ventricle is greater than pressure within the aorta. 
B)  ventricle is less than pressure within the aorta. 
C)  ventricle is greater than pressure within the pulmonary artery. 
D)  ventricle is less than pressure within the pulmonary artery. 
E)  muscles of the pulmonary semilunar valve relax. 
A)  ventricle is greater than pressure within the aorta. 
B)  ventricle is less than pressure within the aorta. 
C)  ventricle is greater than pressure within the pulmonary artery. 
D)  ventricle is less than pressure within the pulmonary artery. 
E)  muscles of the pulmonary semilunar valve relax.

Question 16

What is the equation relating stroke volume (SV), end -diastolic volume (EDV), and end -stroke volume (ESV)?

Accepted Answer

A)  SV = EDV + ESV 
B)  SV = EDV/ESV 
C)  SV = EDV × ESV 
D)  SV = EDV + ESV/3 
E)  SV = EDV -ESV 
A)  SV = EDV + ESV 
B)  SV = EDV/ESV 
C)  SV = EDV × ESV 
D)  SV = EDV + ESV/3 
E)  SV = EDV -ESV

Question 17

Ventricular contraction begins at the top of the heart and travels downward to its apex.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which chamber is connected to the pulmonary arteries?

Accepted Answer

A)  right atrium 
B)  left ventricle 
C)  left atrium 
D)  right ventricle 
E)  AV bundle (bundle of His) 
A)  right atrium 
B)  left ventricle 
C)  left atrium 
D)  right ventricle 
E)  AV bundle (bundle of His)

Question 19

Which of the following would NOT result from an increase in ventricular contractility?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased ejection fraction 
B)  increased proportion of end -diastolic volume that is ejected 
C)  increased stroke volume 
D)  decreased end -systolic volume 
E)  decreased end -diastolic volume 
A)  increased ejection fraction 
B)  increased proportion of end -diastolic volume that is ejected 
C)  increased stroke volume 
D)  decreased end -systolic volume 
E)  decreased end -diastolic volume

Question 20

The circulatory system consists of two divisions and is supplied with blood by different sides of the heart. The right heart supplies blood to the________ circuit, whereas the left heart supplies blood
To the________circuit.

Accepted Answer

A)  oxygenated : deoxygenated 
B)  systemic : pulmonary 
C)  pulmonary : systemic 
D)  arterial : venule 
E)  superior (upper body) : inferior (lower body) 
A)  oxygenated : deoxygenated 
B)  systemic : pulmonary 
C)  pulmonary : systemic 
D)  arterial : venule 
E)  superior (upper body) : inferior (lower body)

Exam 13: The Cardiovascular System: Cardiac Function

Which of the following describes second -degree heart block?

What structure provides the pathway for the movement of electrical current between the cells of the conduction pathway and the ventricular muscle fibers?

An increase in heart rate can be mediated through which of the following?

Which of the following statements best describes the function of the chordae tendineae?

Which chamber of the heart has the thickest musculature?

Abnormal electrical activity of the heart is called myocardial infarction.

The rapid depolarization phase of a pacemaker cell action potential is caused by movement of

Which of the following statements best describes a portal system?

The contractile cycle of the heart normally originates from a pacemaker cell within the sinoatrial node.

The end -diastolic volume minus the end -systolic volume is the

The increase in ventricular volume early in diastole reflects the

The second heart sound coincides with the beginning of which period in the cardiac cycle?

Which statement best describes parallel flow in the circulatory system?

Ion channels within the conduction system of the heart determine the frequency of contractile cycles generated by the heart. Describe the autorhythmic properties of the heart, with particular emphasis on the ion channels involved in the pacemaker potentials.

Blood is ejected from the left ventricle once pressure within the

What is the equation relating stroke volume (SV), end -diastolic volume (EDV), and end -stroke volume (ESV)?

Ventricular contraction begins at the top of the heart and travels downward to its apex.

Which chamber is connected to the pulmonary arteries?

Which of the following would NOT result from an increase in ventricular contractility?

The circulatory system consists of two divisions and is supplied with blood by different sides of the heart. The right heart supplies blood to the________ circuit, whereas the left heart supplies blood To the________circuit.

Introduction to Physiology

The Cell: Structure and Function

Cell Metabolism

Cell Membrane Transport

Chemical Messengers

The Endocrine System: Endocrine Glands and Hormone Actions

Nerve Cells and Electrical Signaling

Synaptic Transmission and Neural Integration

The Nervous System: Central Nervous System

The Nervous System: Sensory Systems

The Nervous System: Autonomic and Motor Systems

Muscle Physiology

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels, Blood Flow, and Blood Pressure

The Cardiovascular System: Blood

The Respiratory System: Pulmonary Ventilation

The Respiratory System: Gas Exchange and the Regulation of Breathing

The Urinary System: Renal Function

The Urinary System: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

The Gastrointestinal System

The Endocrine System Regulation of Energy Metabolism and Growth

The Reproductive System

The Immune System

Diabetes Mellitus

Filters

The circulatory system consists of two divisions and is supplied with blood by different sides of the heart. The right heart supplies blood to the circuit, whereas the left heart supplies blood To thecircuit.