Question 1

Using the terms prime mover, antagonist, synergist, and fixator, describe the various roles muscles may play in a group.

Accepted Answer

Within opposing muscle pairs, one muscle, called the prime mover, contracts to cause an action while the other muscle, the antagonist, stretches and yields to the effects of the prime mover. For example, flexing the forearm at the elbow involves the biceps brachii as the prime mover and the triceps brachii as the antagonist. Synergists prevent unwanted movements at intermediate joints or otherwise aid the movement of the prime mover. For example, contraction of the wrist extensor muscles stabilizes the wrist joint and prevents unwanted movement, while the flexor muscles of the fingers contract to flex the fingers. Fixators stabilize the origin of the prime mover so the prime mover can act more efficiently. For example, in abduction of the arm, the deltoid muscle serves as the prime mover, and fixators include pectoralis minor, trapezius, subclavius, serratus anterior muscles, and others which hold the scapula in place.

Question 2

Which of the following statements regarding the quadriceps femoris is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rectus femoris originates from the anterior inferior iliac spine. 
B)  Vastus lateralis inserts on the lateral condyle of the tibia. 
C)  All four muscles flex the thigh. 
D)  Vastus medialis originates from the lesser trochanter. 
A)  Rectus femoris originates from the anterior inferior iliac spine. 
B)  Vastus lateralis inserts on the lateral condyle of the tibia. 
C)  All four muscles flex the thigh. 
D)  Vastus medialis originates from the lesser trochanter. A

Question 3

What muscle is indicated by line D?

Accepted Answer

Semimembranosus

Question 4

The _____ muscle is a landmark that separates the anterior and posterior triangles of the neck.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The _____ muscle is a landmark that...

Question 5

The extrinsic muscles of the eyeball are innervated by:

Accepted Answer

A)  oculomotor (III) nerves. 
B)  abducens (VI) nerves. 
C)  trochlear (IV) nerves. 
D)  all of these choices. 
A)  oculomotor (III) nerves. 
B)  abducens (VI) nerves. 
C)  trochlear (IV) nerves. 
D)  all of these choices.

Question 6

The muscle indicated by line A is the

Accepted Answer

A)  Psoas major 
B)  Gracilis 
C)  Obturator externus 
D)  Iliacus 
A)  Psoas major 
B)  Gracilis 
C)  Obturator externus 
D)  Iliacus

Question 7

To produce movement, a bone acts as a lever and the joint acts as the _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of To produce movement, a bone acts as...

Question 8

The ischiocavernosus muscles maintain erection of the penis in the male and the clitoris in the female.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Two muscles that insert on the angle and ramus of the mandible, and that elevate the mandible are: 
1) masseter
2) medial pterygoid
3) lateral pterygoid
4) temporalis

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 2 
B)  2, 3 
C)  3, 4 
D)  1, 4 
A)  1, 2 
B)  2, 3 
C)  3, 4 
D)  1, 4

Question 10

The psoas major and iliacus muscles have a common insertion on the femur. These two muscles are involved in _____ of the thigh.

Accepted Answer

A)  flexion 
B)  extension 
C)  adduction 
D)  abduction 
A)  flexion 
B)  extension 
C)  adduction 
D)  abduction

Question 11

The principal muscle used for extending the thigh, as in climbing stairs, is the _____.

Accepted Answer

gluteus ma

Question 12

The pectoralis minor muscle

Accepted Answer

A)  inserts on the greater tubercle of the humerus. 
B)  inserts on the acromion of the scapula. 
C)  may originate from ribs 3 to 5. 
D)  originates from the clavicle and sternum. 
A)  inserts on the greater tubercle of the humerus. 
B)  inserts on the acromion of the scapula. 
C)  may originate from ribs 3 to 5. 
D)  originates from the clavicle and sternum.

Question 13

The sternocleidomastoid muscle inserts on the occipital bone.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The muscle indicated by line B originates from the _____ and inserts on the _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ilium, femur 
B)  ilium, tibia 
C)  ischium, femur 
D)  ischium, tibia 
A)  ilium, femur 
B)  ilium, tibia 
C)  ischium, femur 
D)  ischium, tibia

Question 15

Which of the following is/are TRUE? 
1) Synergists are muscles that oppose the agonist.
2) Agonists contract while the antagonists relax.
3) The biceps brachii and the triceps brachii are an antagonistic pair.

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 2, 3 
B)  2, 3 only 
C)  1, 2 only 
D)  2 only 
A)  1, 2, 3 
B)  2, 3 only 
C)  1, 2 only 
D)  2 only

Question 16

What muscle is indicated by line B?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What muscle is indicated by line B?...

Question 17

What muscle is indicated by line A?

Accepted Answer

Soleus
Que

Question 18

What is the action of the plantar interossei?

Accepted Answer

A)  extend leg 
B)  adduct toes 
C)  dorsiflex foot 
D)  abduct toes 
E)  flex toes 
A)  extend leg 
B)  adduct toes 
C)  dorsiflex foot 
D)  abduct toes 
E)  flex toes

Question 19

The inferior constrictor, middle constrictor, and superior constrictor are muscles that move the wall of the pharynx, assisting with the movement of food and liquid into the esophagus.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The range of movement at a joint depends upon the point of attachment of the muscle and the length of its fibers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 11: The Muscular System

Using the terms prime mover, antagonist, synergist, and fixator, describe the various roles muscles may play in a group.

Which of the following statements regarding the quadriceps femoris is correct?

What muscle is indicated by line D?

The _____ muscle is a landmark that separates the anterior and posterior triangles of the neck.

The extrinsic muscles of the eyeball are innervated by:

The muscle indicated by line A is the

To produce movement, a bone acts as a lever and the joint acts as the _____.

The ischiocavernosus muscles maintain erection of the penis in the male and the clitoris in the female.

Two muscles that insert on the angle and ramus of the mandible, and that elevate the mandible are: 1) masseter 2) medial pterygoid 3) lateral pterygoid 4) temporalis

The psoas major and iliacus muscles have a common insertion on the femur. These two muscles are involved in _____ of the thigh.

The principal muscle used for extending the thigh, as in climbing stairs, is the _____.

The pectoralis minor muscle

The sternocleidomastoid muscle inserts on the occipital bone.

The muscle indicated by line B originates from the _____ and inserts on the _____.

Which of the following is/are TRUE? 1) Synergists are muscles that oppose the agonist. 2) Agonists contract while the antagonists relax. 3) The biceps brachii and the triceps brachii are an antagonistic pair.

What muscle is indicated by line B?

What muscle is indicated by line A?

What is the action of the plantar interossei?

The inferior constrictor, middle constrictor, and superior constrictor are muscles that move the wall of the pharynx, assisting with the movement of food and liquid into the esophagus.

The range of movement at a joint depends upon the point of attachment of the muscle and the length of its fibers.

An Introduction to the Human Body

Cells

Tissues

Development

The Integumentary System

Bone Tissue

The Skeletal System: the Axial Skeleton

The Skeletal System: the Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Muscular Tissue

The Cardiovascular System: Blood

The Cardiovascular System: the Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels

The Lymphatic Lymphoid System and Immunity

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord and the Spinal Nerves

The Brain and the Cranial Nerves

The Autonomic Nervous System

Somatic Senses and Motor Control

Special Senses

The Endocrine System

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

The Urinary System

The Reproductive Systems

Surface Anatomy

Filters

The muscle indicated by line B originates from the _ and inserts on the _.