Question 1

What bone disorder is best described as inadequate calcification of the extracellular matrix, usually caused by a vitamin D deficiency?

Accepted Answer

A)  rickets 
B)  osteomalacia 
C)  all of these choices 
D)  none of these choices 
A)  rickets 
B)  osteomalacia 
C)  all of these choices 
D)  none of these choices C

Question 2

Which of the following best describes a tuberosity?

Accepted Answer

A)  prominent border or ridge 
B)  large, rounded, usually roughened surface for muscle attachment 
C)  large projection for muscle attachment on the femur 
D)  smooth, flat surface 
E)  rounded articular surface 
A)  prominent border or ridge 
B)  large, rounded, usually roughened surface for muscle attachment 
C)  large projection for muscle attachment on the femur 
D)  smooth, flat surface 
E)  rounded articular surface B

Question 3

Draw a diagram of a typical mature long bone shown in sagittal section. Label the regions and tissues and identify the sites for red and yellow bone marrow.

Accepted Answer

A typical mature long bone shown in sagittal section would have the following labeled regions and tissues:

1. Epiphysis: The rounded end of the bone, which is covered with articular cartilage for smooth movement at the joint.
2. Metaphysis: The region between the epiphysis and diaphysis, where the growth plate is located during development.
3. Diaphysis: The shaft of the bone, which is composed of compact bone tissue for strength and support.
4. Medullary cavity: The hollow space within the diaphysis, which contains bone marrow.
5. Endosteum: The thin membrane lining the medullary cavity, which contains osteoprogenitor cells involved in bone remodeling.
6. Periosteum: The tough outer membrane covering the bone, which contains blood vessels and nerves for nourishment and sensation.

The sites for red and yellow bone marrow can also be identified in the diagram. Red bone marrow is typically found in the spongy bone of the epiphysis and some areas of the metaphysis, where it is responsible for producing blood cells. Yellow bone marrow, which consists mainly of fat cells, is found in the medullary cavity of the diaphysis in adults.

Question 4

The spaces in bone tissue that contain osteocytes are called _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The spaces in bone tissue that contain...

Question 5

Spongy bone is located

Accepted Answer

A)  in the epiphyses of long bones 
B)  in the diploe of flat bones 
C)  in the ribs and sternum 
D)  all of these choices 
A)  in the epiphyses of long bones 
B)  in the diploe of flat bones 
C)  in the ribs and sternum 
D)  all of these choices

Question 6

The region of a long bone where the epiphysis and diaphysis join is called the _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The region of a long bone where...

Question 7

Which of the following best describes an epicondyle?

Accepted Answer

A)  prominence above or beside a condyle 
B)  tube-like passageway 
C)  depression 
D)  rounded articular surface 
E)  smooth, flat surface 
A)  prominence above or beside a condyle 
B)  tube-like passageway 
C)  depression 
D)  rounded articular surface 
E)  smooth, flat surface

Question 8

The nutrient artery of a long bone branches into proximal, distal, epiphyseal, and metaphyseal branches, and therefore supplies the entire bone with blood.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

A characteristic of osteocytes is that they

Accepted Answer

A)  maintain the daily metabolism of bone tissue 
B)  are responsible for the formation of matrix 
C)  undergo mitosis and develop into osteoblasts 
D)  undergo mitosis and develop into osteoclasts 
E)  are responsible for the destruction (resorption) of matrix and the release of calcium into the bloodstream 
A)  maintain the daily metabolism of bone tissue 
B)  are responsible for the formation of matrix 
C)  undergo mitosis and develop into osteoblasts 
D)  undergo mitosis and develop into osteoclasts 
E)  are responsible for the destruction (resorption) of matrix and the release of calcium into the bloodstream

Question 10

Which of the following best describes a crest?

Accepted Answer

A)  prominent border or ridge 
B)  large, rounded, usually roughened surface for muscle attachment 
C)  large projection for muscle attachment on the femur 
D)  smooth, flat surface 
E)  rounded articular surface 
A)  prominent border or ridge 
B)  large, rounded, usually roughened surface for muscle attachment 
C)  large projection for muscle attachment on the femur 
D)  smooth, flat surface 
E)  rounded articular surface

Question 11

Sesamoid and sutural bones are the two types of bones that are the most variable in number in the human body.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Explain why damage to the epiphyseal plate in childhood may result in the fractured bone being shorter than normal once adult stature is reached.

Accepted Answer

This is because damage to cart

Question 13

A Colles' fracture involves the distal end of the lateral forearm bone (radius).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Explain what is meant by "hot spots" and "cold spots" seen on a diagnostic bone scan.

Accepted Answer

Darker areas called "hot spots" are area

Question 15

Which of the following are true of yellow bone marrow? 1. It is the main site of blood cell production.
2) It is located in the medullary (marrow) cavities of long bones.
3) It is located in hipbones, sternum, ribs, and vertebrae.
4) It is a site of energy storage in the form of triglycerides.
5) It becomes more abundant relative to red bone marrow with increasing age due to the conversion of red bone marrow to yellow bone marrow.

Accepted Answer

A)  1 and 3 
B)  1 and 2 
C)  1, 2, and 5 
D)  2, 4, and 5 
A)  1 and 3 
B)  1 and 2 
C)  1, 2, and 5 
D)  2, 4, and 5

Question 16

The femur and humerus contain

Accepted Answer

A)  red bone marrow in the proximal epiphysis 
B)  articular cartilage on the diaphysis 
C)  a growth area in the metaphysis of an adult bone 
D)  compact bone in the center of the epiphyses 
A)  red bone marrow in the proximal epiphysis 
B)  articular cartilage on the diaphysis 
C)  a growth area in the metaphysis of an adult bone 
D)  compact bone in the center of the epiphyses

Question 17

At birth, all bones are cartilaginous. Ossification occurs only after birth.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

The strength of the diaphysis of a long bone is due to 1. the presence of compact bone.
2) the longitudinal orientation of the osteons.
3) the presence of trabeculae.

Accepted Answer

A)  1 only 
B)  2 only 
C)  3 only 
D)  1 and 2 are both correct 
A)  1 only 
B)  2 only 
C)  3 only 
D)  1 and 2 are both correct

Question 19

A bone fracture in which the broken ends of the bone can be seen protruding from the skin is called a/an _____ fracture.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A bone fracture in which the broken...

Question 20

Which one of the following is characteristic of spongy bone tissue, but not of compact bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

A)  trabeculae 
B)  haversian systems 
C)  osteocytes in lacunae 
D)  lamellae 
A)  trabeculae 
B)  haversian systems 
C)  osteocytes in lacunae 
D)  lamellae

Exam 6: Bone Tissue

What bone disorder is best described as inadequate calcification of the extracellular matrix, usually caused by a vitamin D deficiency?

Which of the following best describes a tuberosity?

Draw a diagram of a typical mature long bone shown in sagittal section. Label the regions and tissues and identify the sites for red and yellow bone marrow.

The spaces in bone tissue that contain osteocytes are called _____.

Spongy bone is located

The region of a long bone where the epiphysis and diaphysis join is called the _____.

Which of the following best describes an epicondyle?

The nutrient artery of a long bone branches into proximal, distal, epiphyseal, and metaphyseal branches, and therefore supplies the entire bone with blood.

A characteristic of osteocytes is that they

Which of the following best describes a crest?

Sesamoid and sutural bones are the two types of bones that are the most variable in number in the human body.

Explain why damage to the epiphyseal plate in childhood may result in the fractured bone being shorter than normal once adult stature is reached.

A Colles' fracture involves the distal end of the lateral forearm bone (radius).

Explain what is meant by "hot spots" and "cold spots" seen on a diagnostic bone scan.

The femur and humerus contain

At birth, all bones are cartilaginous. Ossification occurs only after birth.

The strength of the diaphysis of a long bone is due to 1. the presence of compact bone. 2) the longitudinal orientation of the osteons. 3) the presence of trabeculae.

A bone fracture in which the broken ends of the bone can be seen protruding from the skin is called a/an _____ fracture.

Which one of the following is characteristic of spongy bone tissue, but not of compact bone tissue?

An Introduction to the Human Body

Cells

Tissues

Development

The Integumentary System

The Skeletal System: the Axial Skeleton

The Skeletal System: the Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Muscular Tissue

The Muscular System

The Cardiovascular System: Blood

The Cardiovascular System: the Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels

The Lymphatic Lymphoid System and Immunity

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord and the Spinal Nerves

The Brain and the Cranial Nerves

The Autonomic Nervous System

Somatic Senses and Motor Control

Special Senses

The Endocrine System

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

The Urinary System

The Reproductive Systems

Surface Anatomy

Filters