Exam 17: The Cardiovascular System I: the Heart

Pressure in the aorta is greater than pressure in the pulmonary trunk; therefore, the left ventricle has to generate a greater pressure than the right ventricle in order to eject blood from the heart.

Explain the benefit of anastomoses in coronary artery circulation.

The sympathetic nervous system increases cardiac output by increasing both heart rate and stroke volume.

A patient learns he has a heart murmur. He learns that his physician hears abnormal sounds during the S1 heart sound. Determine the cause of his heart murmur.

Which of the following can be used to measure heart rate?

Calculate the cardiac output if the heart rate is 100 beats per minute and the stroke volume is 65 ml.

Coronary circulation involves the delivery of oxygenated blood to the:

The cusps of the atrioventricular valves attach directly to:

The rapid influx of sodium ions into contractile cells creates a positive membrane potential inside the cell and initiates the:

Which opening in the interatrial septum of the fetal heart connects the right and left atrium?

The volume of blood pumped by each ventricle in one heartbeat is known as:

Describe the Frank ^-Starling law.

Match the following structures with the internal heart anatomy. -Identify the mitral (bicuspid) valve.

The left ventricle has greater muscle mass than the right ventricle since it pumps against greater resistance.

Which of the following volumes should be the greatest?

What is found between the visceral pericardium and the parietal pericardium?

The coronary sinus does NOT receive blood from the:

The left side of the heart is often called the systemic pump due to blood flow to the body.

As a result of the long refractory period in the contractile cell refractory period, cardiac muscle can NOT exhibit:

During what phase does blood flow from the ventricles into the pulmonary trunk and aorta?