Exam 1: An Introduction to Tax

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Which of the following is true?

(Multiple Choice)
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Given the following tax structure, what is the minimum tax that would need to be assessed on Lizzy to make the tax progressive with respect to average tax rates? What is the minimum tax that would need to be assessed on Lizzy to make the tax progressive with respect to effective tax rates? Given the following tax structure, what is the minimum tax that would need to be assessed on Lizzy to make the tax progressive with respect to average tax rates? What is the minimum tax that would need to be assessed on Lizzy to make the tax progressive with respect to effective tax rates?

(Essay)
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Oswald is beginning his first tax course and does not really have a solid understanding of the role that taxes play in various decisions. Please describe for Oswald the various types of decisions that taxes may influence.

(Essay)
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Manny, a single taxpayer, earns $65,000 per year in taxable income and an additional $12,000 per year in city of Boston bonds. If Manny earns an additional $35,000 in taxable income in 2019, what is his marginal tax rate (rounded)on this income? (Use tax rate schedule.)

(Multiple Choice)
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Consider the following tax rate structure. Is it horizontally equitable? Why or why not? Is it vertically equitable? Why or why not? Consider the following tax rate structure. Is it horizontally equitable? Why or why not? Is it vertically equitable? Why or why not?

(Essay)
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A use tax is typically imposed by a state on goods purchased within the state.

(True/False)
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Earmarked taxes are:

(Multiple Choice)
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Manny, a single taxpayer, earns $65,000 per year in taxable income and an additional $12,000 per year in city of Boston bonds. What is Manny's current marginal tax rate for 2019? (Use tax rate schedule.)

(Multiple Choice)
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Jackson has the choice to invest in city of Mitchell bonds or Sundial, Inc. corporate bonds that pay 10 percent interest. Jackson is a single taxpayer who earns $55,000 annually. Assume that the city of Mitchell bonds and the Sundial, Inc. bonds have similar risk. What interest rate would the city of Mitchell have to pay in order to make Jackson indifferent between investing in the city of Mitchell and the Sundial, Inc. bonds for 2019? (Use tax rate schedule.)

(Multiple Choice)
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The effective tax rate, in general, provides a better depiction of a taxpayer's tax burden than the average tax rate.

(True/False)
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Although the primary purpose of a tax system is to raise revenue, Congress uses the federal tax system for other purposes as well. Describe the other ways in which Congress uses the federal tax system. Be specific.

(Essay)
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Geronimo files his tax return as a head of household for year 2019. If his taxable income is $72,000, what is his average tax rate (rounded)? (Use tax rate schedule.)

(Multiple Choice)
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Marc, a single taxpayer, earns $60,000 in taxable income and $5,000 in interest from an investment in city of Birmingham bonds. Using the U.S. tax rate schedule for 2019, how much federal tax will he owe? (Round your final answer to the nearest whole dollar.)(Use tax rate schedule.)

(Multiple Choice)
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