Exam 7: Sociological Theories: Emphasis on Social Structure

Social structure theory is also called _____ and takes a "big picture" approach to crime.

The adaptation of innovation occurs when individuals accept the goal of economy but reject the means of working and undertakes new means to achieve success.

Durkheim felt that human nature is basically selfish,with individuals having unlimited _____ that,if left unchecked by a strong society,would result in chaos.

Does your hometown have a "concentric zone"? What are some of the physical characteristics of that area?

Which of the following best reflects the concept of relative deprivation?

Two lower-class subcultural focal concerns are cooperation and trust.

The focal concern in the lower-class subculture that stresses outwitting others and to avoid being outwitted oneself is called _____.

Under Merton's Adaptations to Anomie,when does conformity occur?

The adaptation _____ occurs when people reject the goal of economic success,but continue to accept the means of working.

The revival of an ecological focus reflects the belief of many scholars that kinds of places matter more than _____.

Durkheim felt that anomie,or _____,results when people's aspirations become uncontrolled and unfulfilled.

According to Durkheim,which of the following tends to be higher during times of social change?

When traditional norms become less applicable to new circumstances,normlessness or _____ sets in.

Anderson documented a code of the _____ among young urban African-Americans that arises from despair and alienation and that helps explain their interpersonal violence.

Durkheim emphasized two related mechanisms,_____,by which society was able to hold individual impulses in check.

Where did Shaw and McKay study social disorganization?

Who argued that signs of disorder-such as a broken window-send a signal to potential criminals that neighborhood residents do not care about what happens in their surroundings,making crime more likely?

Studies find that the poverty resulting from women's low-paying jobs and increasing divorce rates plays a very important role in female offending,most of which involves petty property crime.This supports _____.

One reason the poor become angry and frustrated might be their realization that other people in society have more money.This realization leads them to experience _____.

Heartiness is an important focal concern.