Question 1

If the results of a correlational study were reported as r(48) = -.47, p < .05, then which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A) robs is statistically significant at the .05 level. 
B) H0 was ρ = + or - .47. 
C) rcrit = + or - .47. 
D) H1 was ρ = 0. 
A) robs is statistically significant at the .05 level. 
B) H0 was ρ = + or - .47. 
C) rcrit = + or - .47. 
D) H1 was ρ = 0.

Question 2

If the coefficient of determination equals .49, then r equals.

Accepted Answer

A)  $( .49 ) ^ { 2 }$ 
B)  $1 - .49$ 
C)  $1 + .49$ 
D)  $\sqrt { 49 }$ 
A)  $( .49 ) ^ { 2 }$ 
B)  $1 - .49$ 
C)  $1 + .49$ 
D)  $\sqrt { 49 }$

Question 3

The Spearman correlation coefficient is used for data.

Accepted Answer

A) categorized 
B) ranked 
C) continuous 
D) discrete 
A) categorized 
B) ranked 
C) continuous 
D) discrete

Question 4

A correlational study is designed to.

Accepted Answer

A) determine the relationship between an independent variable and a dependent variable 
B) describe the degree of central tendency for a variable 
C) find the extent to which two variables are related 
D) manipulate an independent variable 
A) determine the relationship between an independent variable and a dependent variable 
B) describe the degree of central tendency for a variable 
C) find the extent to which two variables are related 
D) manipulate an independent variable

Question 5

When calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient, is called the of     $\Sigma ( X - \bar { X } ) ( Y - \bar { Y } )$ X and Y.

Accepted Answer

A) sum of squares 
B) cross products 
C) standard deviation 
D) correlation 
A) sum of squares 
B) cross products 
C) standard deviation 
D) correlation

Question 6

The CPXY is given by.

Accepted Answer

A)  $\sum ( X - \bar { Y } ) ^ { 2 }$ 
B)  $\left[ \Sigma ( X - \bar { X } ) ^ { 2 } \right] \left[ \sum ( Y - \bar { Y } ) ^ { 2 } \right]$ 
C)  $\sum ( X - \bar { X } ) ( Y - \bar { Y } )$ 
D)  $\sum \left( \bar { X } ^ { 2 } - \bar { Y } ^ { 2 } \right)$ 
A)  $\sum ( X - \bar { Y } ) ^ { 2 }$ 
B)  $\left[ \Sigma ( X - \bar { X } ) ^ { 2 } \right] \left[ \sum ( Y - \bar { Y } ) ^ { 2 } \right]$ 
C)  $\sum ( X - \bar { X } ) ( Y - \bar { Y } )$ 
D)  $\sum \left( \bar { X } ^ { 2 } - \bar { Y } ^ { 2 } \right)$

Question 7

If values of one variable in a scatterplot increase while the values of the other decrease, then the relationship is described as.

Accepted Answer

A) direct 
B) indirect 
C) positive 
D) negative 
A) direct 
B) indirect 
C) positive 
D) negative

Question 8

The numerator of the Pearson r is the.

Accepted Answer

A) product of the sums of squares for the X and Y values 
B) square root of the sum of squares for X plus the sum of squares for Y 
C) sum of the cross products of X and Y divided by N 
D) cross products of X and Y 
A) product of the sums of squares for the X and Y values 
B) square root of the sum of squares for X plus the sum of squares for Y 
C) sum of the cross products of X and Y divided by N 
D) cross products of X and Y

Question 9

If the results of a study using the Spearman correlation coefficient were reported as rS(23) = -.32, p > .05, then you would know that H0 was and was.

Accepted Answer

A) ρS = 1; rejected 
B) ρS = 1; not rejected 
C) ρS = 0; rejected 
D) ρS = 0; not rejected 
A) ρS = 1; rejected 
B) ρS = 1; not rejected 
C) ρS = 0; rejected 
D) ρS = 0; not rejected

Question 10

The value of r may lie within an interval of values ranging from.

Accepted Answer

A) -1.00 to +1.00 
B) 0.00 to +10.00 
C) -10.00 to 0.00 
D) 0.00 to -1.00 
A) -1.00 to +1.00 
B) 0.00 to +10.00 
C) -10.00 to 0.00 
D) 0.00 to -1.00

Question 11

A plot or graph of the relationship between two variables is known as a.

Accepted Answer

A) scatterplot 
B) histogram 
C) bimodal distribution 
D) correlational plot 
A) scatterplot 
B) histogram 
C) bimodal distribution 
D) correlational plot

Question 12

A linear relationship between two variables can be described by a.

Accepted Answer

A) right angle 
B) straight line 
C) mean and standard deviation 
D) curved line 
A) right angle 
B) straight line 
C) mean and standard deviation 
D) curved line

Question 13

Relationships between two variables that can be described by a straight line are called relationships.

Accepted Answer

A) direct 
B) normal 
C) correlational 
D) linear 
A) direct 
B) normal 
C) correlational 
D) linear

Question 14

If the X and Y scores of a bivariate distribution are not related, then the CPXY on these scores should be.

Accepted Answer

A) equal to either +1.00 or -1.00 
B) a large positive value 
C) a large negative value 
D) equal to about zero 
A) equal to either +1.00 or -1.00 
B) a large positive value 
C) a large negative value 
D) equal to about zero

Question 15

If robs = -.60, then percent of the variance in the scores of one variable is associated with variation in the other variable.

Accepted Answer

A) 60 
B) 36 
C) 40 
D) 64 
A) 60 
B) 36 
C) 40 
D) 64

Question 16

If the results of a study using the Spearman correlation coefficient were reported as rS(16) = -.34, p > .05, then you would know that subjects participated in the study.

Accepted Answer

A) 12 
B) 16 
C) 14 
D) 18 
A) 12 
B) 16 
C) 14 
D) 18

If the results of a correlational study were reported as r(48) = -.47, p < .05, then which of the following statements is true?

If the coefficient of determination equals .49, then r equals.

The Spearman correlation coefficient is used for data.

A correlational study is designed to.

The CPXY is given by.

If values of one variable in a scatterplot increase while the values of the other decrease, then the relationship is described as.

The numerator of the Pearson r is the.

If the results of a study using the Spearman correlation coefficient were reported as rS(23) = -.32, p > .05, then you would know that H0 was and was.

The value of r may lie within an interval of values ranging from.

A plot or graph of the relationship between two variables is known as a.

A linear relationship between two variables can be described by a.

Relationships between two variables that can be described by a straight line are called relationships.

If the X and Y scores of a bivariate distribution are not related, then the CPXY on these scores should be.

If robs = -.60, then percent of the variance in the scores of one variable is associated with variation in the other variable.

If the results of a study using the Spearman correlation coefficient were reported as rS(16) = -.34, p > .05, then you would know that subjects participated in the study.

Making Sense of Variability: an Introduction to Statistics

Statistics in the Context of Scientific Research

Looking at Data: Frequency Distributions and Graphs

Looking at Data: Measures of Central Tendency

Looking at Data: Measures of Variability

The Normal Distribution, Probability, and Standard Scores

Understanding Data: Using Statistics for Inference and Estimation

Is There Really a Difference Introduction to Statistical Hypothesis Testing

The Basics of Experimentation and Testing for a Difference Between Means

One-Factor Between-Subjects Analysis of Variance

Two-Factor Between-Subjects Analysis of Variance

One-Factor Within-Subjects Analysis of Variance

Regression Analysis: Predicting Linear Relationships

Nonparametric Tests

Filters

Exam 13: Correlation: Understanding Covariation

If the results of a correlational study were reported as r(48) = -.47, p < .05, then which of the following statements is true?

If the coefficient of determination equals .49, then r equals.

The Spearman correlation coefficient is used for data.

A correlational study is designed to.

When calculating the Pearson correlation coefficient, is called the of Σ(X−Xˉ)(Y−Yˉ)\Sigma ( X - \bar { X } ) ( Y - \bar { Y } )Σ(X−Xˉ)(Y−Yˉ) X and Y.

The CPXY is given by.

If values of one variable in a scatterplot increase while the values of the other decrease, then the relationship is described as.

The numerator of the Pearson r is the.

If the results of a study using the Spearman correlation coefficient were reported as rS(23) = -.32, p > .05, then you would know that H0 was and was.

The value of r may lie within an interval of values ranging from.

A plot or graph of the relationship between two variables is known as a.

A linear relationship between two variables can be described by a.

Relationships between two variables that can be described by a straight line are called relationships.

If the X and Y scores of a bivariate distribution are not related, then the CPXY on these scores should be.

If robs = -.60, then percent of the variance in the scores of one variable is associated with variation in the other variable.

If the results of a study using the Spearman correlation coefficient were reported as rS(16) = -.34, p > .05, then you would know that subjects participated in the study.

Making Sense of Variability: an Introduction to Statistics

Statistics in the Context of Scientific Research

Looking at Data: Frequency Distributions and Graphs

Looking at Data: Measures of Central Tendency

Looking at Data: Measures of Variability

The Normal Distribution, Probability, and Standard Scores

Understanding Data: Using Statistics for Inference and Estimation

Is There Really a Difference Introduction to Statistical Hypothesis Testing

The Basics of Experimentation and Testing for a Difference Between Means

One-Factor Between-Subjects Analysis of Variance

Two-Factor Between-Subjects Analysis of Variance

One-Factor Within-Subjects Analysis of Variance

Regression Analysis: Predicting Linear Relationships

Nonparametric Tests

Filters