Question 1

The halogens are

Accepted Answer

A)  strong oxidizing agents. 
B)  strong reducing agents. 
C)  strong acids. 
D)  strong bases. 
E)  amphoteric. 
A)  strong oxidizing agents. 
B)  strong reducing agents. 
C)  strong acids. 
D)  strong bases. 
E)  amphoteric.

Question 2

Although the periodic table is organized according to the atomic numbers of the elements, chemists are more interested in the arrangement of the electrons for their studies. Which of the following statements about the electron configurations and their quantum numbers is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  The size of an atom is associated with the angular momentum quantum number. 
B)  The valence electrons of atoms in a particular group have the same principal and angular momentum quantum numbers. 
C)  The valence electrons of atoms in a particular group have the same angular momentum quantum number but have different principal quantum numbers. 
D)  Quantum numbers for the electrons tell us little about the relative energies of the electrons. 
E)  None of these choices is correct. 
A)  The size of an atom is associated with the angular momentum quantum number. 
B)  The valence electrons of atoms in a particular group have the same principal and angular momentum quantum numbers. 
C)  The valence electrons of atoms in a particular group have the same angular momentum quantum number but have different principal quantum numbers. 
D)  Quantum numbers for the electrons tell us little about the relative energies of the electrons. 
E)  None of these choices is correct.

Question 3

Which of the alkali metals has the highest melting point?

Accepted Answer

A)  Li 
B)  Na 
C)  K 
D)  Rb 
E)  Cs 
A)  Li 
B)  Na 
C)  K 
D)  Rb 
E)  Cs

Question 4

Potassium nitrate is a strong reducing agent.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Predict the products for the reaction of the following set of reactants. 
CaO(s) + H2O(l) $\rightarrow$

Accepted Answer

A)  Ca2+(aq) + OH¯(aq) + H2(g) 
B)  Ca2+(aq) + H2(g) + O2(g) 
C)  Ca2+(aq) + H3O+(aq) 
D)  Ca(OH)2(s) 
E)  CaH2(s) + O2(g) 
A)  Ca2+(aq) + OH¯(aq) + H2(g) 
B)  Ca2+(aq) + H2(g) + O2(g) 
C)  Ca2+(aq) + H3O+(aq) 
D)  Ca(OH)2(s) 
E)  CaH2(s) + O2(g)

Question 6

Which of the following would you predict to have the greatest thermal stability?

Accepted Answer

A)  AsAt3 
B)  AsI3 
C)  AsBr3 
D)  AsCl3 
E)  AsF3 
A)  AsAt3 
B)  AsI3 
C)  AsBr3 
D)  AsCl3 
E)  AsF3

Question 7

Elements of group 1A have higher melting and boiling points than those of group 2A.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Certain Period 2 elements exhibit behaviors similar to Period 3 elements immediately below and to the right. One of the interesting diagonal relationships occurs between boron and silicon. Which of the following is one of their similarities?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both exhibit electrical properties of a conductor. 
B)  The oxoanions of both elements occur in extended ionic networks. 
C)  Both elements form compounds (boranes and silanes) that are good oxidizing agents. 
D)  Boric acid and silicic acid occur in layers with widespread hydrogen bonding. 
E)  Both elements are unusually soft solids. 
A)  Both exhibit electrical properties of a conductor. 
B)  The oxoanions of both elements occur in extended ionic networks. 
C)  Both elements form compounds (boranes and silanes) that are good oxidizing agents. 
D)  Boric acid and silicic acid occur in layers with widespread hydrogen bonding. 
E)  Both elements are unusually soft solids.

Question 9

Sodium tripolyphosphate is useful

Accepted Answer

A)  as a starting material in the synthesis of organic phosphorus compounds. 
B)  as a water-softening agent. 
C)  as an emulsifier in making of processed cheese. 
D)  as a radiator corrosion inhibitor. 
E)  as a fertilizer. 
A)  as a starting material in the synthesis of organic phosphorus compounds. 
B)  as a water-softening agent. 
C)  as an emulsifier in making of processed cheese. 
D)  as a radiator corrosion inhibitor. 
E)  as a fertilizer.

Question 10

elements, lithium forms many salts that have some covalent bond character. What is a reason for this behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  The high first ionization energy of lithium makes sharing the electron easier than transferring it. 
B)  The high charge density on the lithium cation deforms nearby polarizable electron clouds. 
C)  The atomic radius of lithium enables it to share its valence electron effectively. 
D)  Since lithium has only 1 electron in its 2s orbital, it can accept an electron from another element. 
E)  Lithium's electronegativity is more like that of a non-metal than a metal. 
A)  The high first ionization energy of lithium makes sharing the electron easier than transferring it. 
B)  The high charge density on the lithium cation deforms nearby polarizable electron clouds. 
C)  The atomic radius of lithium enables it to share its valence electron effectively. 
D)  Since lithium has only 1 electron in its 2s orbital, it can accept an electron from another element. 
E)  Lithium's electronegativity is more like that of a non-metal than a metal.

Question 11

Xenon forms several compounds with oxygen and fluorine. It is the most reactive non-radioactive noble gas because

Accepted Answer

A)  its large radius allows oxygen and fluorine to bond without being crowded. 
B)  it has the highest electronegativity of these noble gases. 
C)  it has the highest electron affinity of these noble gases. 
D)  its effective nuclear charge is lower than the other noble gases. 
E)  it has the lowest ionization energy of these noble gases. 
A)  its large radius allows oxygen and fluorine to bond without being crowded. 
B)  it has the highest electronegativity of these noble gases. 
C)  it has the highest electron affinity of these noble gases. 
D)  its effective nuclear charge is lower than the other noble gases. 
E)  it has the lowest ionization energy of these noble gases.

Question 12

Which of the following formulas does not represent a stable compound?

Accepted Answer

A)  N2O 
B)  NO 
C)  NO2 
D)  NO3 
E)  N2O4 
A)  N2O 
B)  NO 
C)  NO2 
D)  NO3 
E)  N2O4

Question 13

The acidity of oxides of main group elements increases across a period from left to right.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which one of the following elements is likely to exhibit the most violent and rapid reaction with water?

Accepted Answer

A)  Na 
B)  Rb 
C)  Mg 
D)  Sr 
E)  Cl2 
A)  Na 
B)  Rb 
C)  Mg 
D)  Sr 
E)  Cl2

Question 15

Tin reacts to form several organic compounds. Which of the following is a use for organotin compounds?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are starting materials for polymers. 
B)  They can be used as fungicides. 
C)  They can be used to prepare semiconductors. 
D)  They can be used as solvents for reactions involving polar organic compounds. 
E)  They are used as protective coatings to prevent corrosion of metals. 
A)  They are starting materials for polymers. 
B)  They can be used as fungicides. 
C)  They can be used to prepare semiconductors. 
D)  They can be used as solvents for reactions involving polar organic compounds. 
E)  They are used as protective coatings to prevent corrosion of metals.

Question 16

Oxygen gas (O2) is paramagnetic, but ozone (O3) is diamagnetic.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Silicon carbide is an important industrial chemical. Which of the following statements about silicon carbide is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It will react with water to form acetylene. 
B)  It is used in preparation of glass which can be used at high temperature. 
C)  It is the hardest known substance. 
D)  It is a naturally occurring mineral source of silicon. 
E)  It can be doped to form a high temperature semiconductor. 
A)  It will react with water to form acetylene. 
B)  It is used in preparation of glass which can be used at high temperature. 
C)  It is the hardest known substance. 
D)  It is a naturally occurring mineral source of silicon. 
E)  It can be doped to form a high temperature semiconductor.

Question 18

Which of the following oxides will be the most acidic?

Accepted Answer

A)  Al2O3 
B)  Ga2O3 
C)  In2O3 
D)  Tl2O3 
E)  None of these oxides is acidic. 
A)  Al2O3 
B)  Ga2O3 
C)  In2O3 
D)  Tl2O3 
E)  None of these oxides is acidic.

Question 19

Which, if any, of the following generalized formulas does not exist for interhalogen compounds? (X and Y represent different halogens.)

Accepted Answer

A)  XY 
B)  XY2 
C)  XY3 
D)  XY5 
E)  All of the formulas can represent stable interhalogen compounds. 
A)  XY 
B)  XY2 
C)  XY3 
D)  XY5 
E)  All of the formulas can represent stable interhalogen compounds.

Question 20

Magnesium oxide, MgO, is an important industrial material. Which of the following is one of its uses?

Accepted Answer

A)  antacid 
B)  catalysts 
C)  toothpaste abrasive 
D)  construction material 
E)  furnace bricks 
A)  antacid 
B)  catalysts 
C)  toothpaste abrasive 
D)  construction material 
E)  furnace bricks

Exam 14: Periodic Patterns in the Main-Group Elements

The halogens are

Although the periodic table is organized according to the atomic numbers of the elements, chemists are more interested in the arrangement of the electrons for their studies. Which of the following statements about the electron configurations and their quantum numbers is correct?

Which of the alkali metals has the highest melting point?

Potassium nitrate is a strong reducing agent.

Predict the products for the reaction of the following set of reactants. CaO(s) + H2O(l) →\rightarrow→

Which of the following would you predict to have the greatest thermal stability?

Elements of group 1A have higher melting and boiling points than those of group 2A.

Certain Period 2 elements exhibit behaviors similar to Period 3 elements immediately below and to the right. One of the interesting diagonal relationships occurs between boron and silicon. Which of the following is one of their similarities?

Sodium tripolyphosphate is useful

elements, lithium forms many salts that have some covalent bond character. What is a reason for this behavior?

Xenon forms several compounds with oxygen and fluorine. It is the most reactive non-radioactive noble gas because

Which of the following formulas does not represent a stable compound?

The acidity of oxides of main group elements increases across a period from left to right.

Which one of the following elements is likely to exhibit the most violent and rapid reaction with water?

Tin reacts to form several organic compounds. Which of the following is a use for organotin compounds?

Oxygen gas (O2) is paramagnetic, but ozone (O3) is diamagnetic.

Silicon carbide is an important industrial chemical. Which of the following statements about silicon carbide is true?

Which of the following oxides will be the most acidic?

Which, if any, of the following generalized formulas does not exist for interhalogen compounds? (X and Y represent different halogens.)

Magnesium oxide, MgO, is an important industrial material. Which of the following is one of its uses?

Keys to the Study of Chemistry

The Components of Matter

Stoichiometry of Formulas and Equations

Three Major Classes of Chemical Reactions

Gases and the Kinetic-Molecular Theory

Thermochemistry: Energy Flow and Chemical Change

Quantum Theory and Atomic Structure

Electron Configuration and Chemical Periodicity

Models of Chemical Bonding

The Shapes of Molecules

Theories of Covalent Bonding

Intermolecular Forces: Liquids, Solids, and Phase Changes

The Properties of Mixtures: Solutions and Colloids

Organic Compounds and the Atomic Properties of Carbon

Kinetics: Rates and Mechanisms of Chemical Reactions

Equilibrium: the Extent of Chemical Reactions

Acid-Base Equilibria

Ionic Equilibria in Aqueous Systems

Thermodynamics: Entropy, Free Energy, and the Direction of Chemical Reactions

Electrochemistry: Chemical Change and Electrical Work

The Elements in Nature and Industry

The Transition Elements and Their Coordination Compounds

Nuclear Reactions and Their Applications

Filters

Predict the products for the reaction of the following set of reactants. CaO(s) + H₂O(l) $\rightarrow$

Oxygen gas (O₂) is paramagnetic, but ozone (O₃) is diamagnetic.