Question 1

Which element forms an ionic compound with nitrogen that has the formula XN?

Accepted Answer

A) tin 
B) aluminum 
C) lithium 
D) calcium 
E) potassium 
A) tin 
B) aluminum 
C) lithium 
D) calcium 
E) potassium B

Question 2

An essential biological element

Accepted Answer

A) is any element detected in the organism. 
B) stimulates essential biological functions. 
C) is found in all organisms. 
D) has beneficial physiological effects, and its absence impairs function of the organism. 
E) is expensive. 
A) is any element detected in the organism. 
B) stimulates essential biological functions. 
C) is found in all organisms. 
D) has beneficial physiological effects, and its absence impairs function of the organism. 
E) is expensive. D

Question 3

In the body, sodium and potassium cations are transported through nonpolar lipid bilayers.One method of transport is through ion channels.Explain this process.

Accepted Answer

Ion channels are made by proteins, which permeate cell membranes and allow for the selective transport of ions.

Question 4

What is the dietary reference intake (DRI)?

Accepted Answer

DRI is the recommend

Question 5

What is the typical membrane potential in living cells (in mV)?

Accepted Answer

A) 0. 
B) (-50.) 
C) (+50.) 
D) (-200.) 
E) (+200.) 
A) 0. 
B) (-50.) 
C) (+50.) 
D) (-200.) 
E) (+200.)

Question 6

Starting with E = E° - RT/nF) ln Q, derive an expression for the potential of a concentration cell.

Accepted Answer

Start with E= E° - l

Question 7

Different concentrations of ions on either side of a cell membrane constitute a concentration cell, which is described by the Nernst equation given below.What is the electrochemical potential across a membrane when the sodium ion concentration is 0.10 M on one side of the membrane and 0.010 M on the other side, and the temperature is 37°C body temperature)? 
(Given: Na++e-$\rightarrow$ Na, Eºred = -2.71 V; F = 96,500 C; 1 J = 1 C V; R =8.315 J / mol K))
E =E° = InQ

Accepted Answer

A) 61.5 mV 
B) 26.7 mV 
C) 2.65 V 
D) 2.68 V 
E) 2.98 V 
A) 61.5 mV 
B) 26.7 mV 
C) 2.65 V 
D) 2.68 V 
E) 2.98 V

Question 8

A patient is injected with a 5.0 $\mu$M solution of gallium citrate containing radioactive gallium-68 for a PET study.The half-life of gallium-68 is 9.4 hr.How long does it take for the activity of this isotope to drop to 1% of its initial value?

Accepted Answer

A) 18 hr 
B) 25 hr 
C) 32 hr 
D) 41 hr 
E) 62 hr 
A) 18 hr 
B) 25 hr 
C) 32 hr 
D) 41 hr 
E) 62 hr

Question 9

The use of radionuclides to treat cancer by exposing cancerous cells to gamma radiation is called

Accepted Answer

A) photochemical therapy. 
B) radioactive imaging. 
C) chemotherapy. 
D) diagnostic radiology. 
E) therapeutic radiology. 
A) photochemical therapy. 
B) radioactive imaging. 
C) chemotherapy. 
D) diagnostic radiology. 
E) therapeutic radiology.

Question 10

Which of the following elements would you expect to have the most negative electron affinity?

Accepted Answer

A) C 
B) O 
C) F 
D) S 
E) Br 
A) C 
B) O 
C) F 
D) S 
E) Br

Question 11

What is the charge on the copper ion in CuCl2?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the charge on the copper...

Question 12

Adding fluoride ions to toothpaste and drinking water to prevent tooth decay is effective because fluoride

Accepted Answer

A) kills decay-producing bacteria. 
B) produces stronger teeth. 
C) reduces the solubility of tooth enamel at low pH. 
D) reduces the solubility of tooth enamel at high pH. 
E) prevents halitosis. 
A) kills decay-producing bacteria. 
B) produces stronger teeth. 
C) reduces the solubility of tooth enamel at low pH. 
D) reduces the solubility of tooth enamel at high pH. 
E) prevents halitosis.

Question 13

Which has the lowest boiling point?

Accepted Answer

A) H2S 
B) H2O 
C) H2Te 
D) H2Se 
E) H2Po 
A) H2S 
B) H2O 
C) H2Te 
D) H2Se 
E) H2Po

Question 14

The fluoride ion F- is important in preventing tooth decay because

Accepted Answer

A) fluoride is a strong base. 
B) fluoride is a weak base. 
C) fluorapatite is formed, the solubility of which is less dependent on pH. 
D) fluorapatite is formed, the solubility of which is more dependent on pH. 
E) fluoride reacts with all acids in the mouth. 
A) fluoride is a strong base. 
B) fluoride is a weak base. 
C) fluorapatite is formed, the solubility of which is less dependent on pH. 
D) fluorapatite is formed, the solubility of which is more dependent on pH. 
E) fluoride reacts with all acids in the mouth.

Question 15

Zinc oxide, a combination of zinc and oxygen, is found in skin ointments.What formula best describes this compound?

Accepted Answer

A) ZnO 
B) Zn2O 
C) ZnO2 
D) Zn2O2 
E) Zn2O3 
A) ZnO 
B) Zn2O 
C) ZnO2 
D) Zn2O2 
E) Zn2O3

Question 16

The concentration of a major essential element in the body is greater than _____per gram of body mass.

Accepted Answer

A) 1 g 
B) 10 mg 
C) 1 mg 
D) 10  $\mu$ g 
E) 1  $\mu$ g 
A) 1 g 
B) 10 mg 
C) 1 mg 
D) 10  $\mu$ g 
E) 1  $\mu$ g

Question 17

The concentration of chloride in the human body is approximately 19 mg/g of body mass.What is this concentration in ppb parts per billion)?

Accepted Answer

A) 1.9 *10-2 ppb 
B) 1.9 * 107 ppb 
C) 1.9 * 104 ppb 
D) 1,900 ppb 
E) 190 ppb 
A) 1.9 *10-2 ppb 
B) 1.9 * 107 ppb 
C) 1.9 * 104 ppb 
D) 1,900 ppb 
E) 190 ppb

Question 18

Phosphorus-32 is a radioactive isotope used in many biomedical applications.How much phosphorus-32 was originally used if there is only 3.50 mg left in a sample after 288 h? (The half-life of phosphorus-32 is 14.3 days.)

Accepted Answer

A) 1.96 mg 
B) 6.26 mg 
C) 4.17 mg 
D) 7.00 mg 
E) 17.9 mg 
A) 1.96 mg 
B) 6.26 mg 
C) 4.17 mg 
D) 7.00 mg 
E) 17.9 mg

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a nonessential biological element?

Accepted Answer

A) It is detected in the body but has no clear biological function. 
B) It has a stimulatory effect on biological functions. 
C) It is incorporated into biological compounds because it is similar to essential elements. 
D) It has clear biological functions. 
E) Organisms require it for reproduction. 
A) It is detected in the body but has no clear biological function. 
B) It has a stimulatory effect on biological functions. 
C) It is incorporated into biological compounds because it is similar to essential elements. 
D) It has clear biological functions. 
E) Organisms require it for reproduction.

Question 20

Arrange the first four halogens in order of increasing boiling point.

Accepted Answer

fluorine @#LAT-DLM&

Exam 22: The Main Group Elements Life and the Periodic Table

Which element forms an ionic compound with nitrogen that has the formula XN?

An essential biological element

In the body, sodium and potassium cations are transported through nonpolar lipid bilayers.One method of transport is through ion channels.Explain this process.

What is the dietary reference intake (DRI)?

What is the typical membrane potential in living cells (in mV)?

Starting with E = E° - RT/nF) ln Q, derive an expression for the potential of a concentration cell.

A patient is injected with a 5.0 μ\muμ M solution of gallium citrate containing radioactive gallium-68 for a PET study.The half-life of gallium-68 is 9.4 hr.How long does it take for the activity of this isotope to drop to 1% of its initial value?

The use of radionuclides to treat cancer by exposing cancerous cells to gamma radiation is called

Which of the following elements would you expect to have the most negative electron affinity?

What is the charge on the copper ion in CuCl2?

Adding fluoride ions to toothpaste and drinking water to prevent tooth decay is effective because fluoride

Which has the lowest boiling point?

The fluoride ion F- is important in preventing tooth decay because

Zinc oxide, a combination of zinc and oxygen, is found in skin ointments.What formula best describes this compound?

The concentration of a major essential element in the body is greater than _____per gram of body mass.

The concentration of chloride in the human body is approximately 19 mg/g of body mass.What is this concentration in ppb parts per billion)?

Phosphorus-32 is a radioactive isotope used in many biomedical applications.How much phosphorus-32 was originally used if there is only 3.50 mg left in a sample after 288 h? (The half-life of phosphorus-32 is 14.3 days.)

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a nonessential biological element?

Arrange the first four halogens in order of increasing boiling point.

Matter and Energy an Atomic Perspective

Atoms, Ions, and Molecules the Building Blocks of Matter

Atomic Structure Explaining the Properties of Elements

Chemical Bonding Understanding Climate Change

Bonding Theories Explaining Molecular Geometry

Intermolecular Forces Attractions Between Particles

Stoichiometry Mass Relationships and Chemical Reactions

Aqueous Solutions Chemistry of the Hydrosphere

Thermochemistry Energy Changes in Chemical Reactions

Properties of Gases the Air We Breathe

Properties of Solutions Their Concentrations and Colligative Properties

Thermodynamics Why Chemical Reactions Happen

Chemical Kinetics Clearing the Air

Chemical Equilibrium Equal but Opposite Reaction Rates

Acid-Base Equilibria Proton Transfer in Biological Systems

Additional Aqueous Equilibria Chemistry and the Oceans

Electrochemistry the Quest for Clean Energy

The Solid State a Particulate View

Organic Chemistry Fuels, Pharmaceuticals, and Modern Materials

Biochemistry the Compounds of Life

Nuclear Chemistry the Risks and Benefits

Transition Metals Biological and Medical Applications

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A patient is injected with a 5.0 $\mu$ M solution of gallium citrate containing radioactive gallium-68 for a PET study.The half-life of gallium-68 is 9.4 hr.How long does it take for the activity of this isotope to drop to 1% of its initial value?

What is the charge on the copper ion in CuCl₂?