Question 1

All organic compounds contain .

Accepted Answer

A)  sulfur 
B)  water 
C)  nitrogen 
D)  carbon 
A)  sulfur 
B)  water 
C)  nitrogen 
D)  carbon D

Question 2

-What human activity contributes most to the release of sulfur into the atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

A)  Using automobiles 
B)  Cutting down trees 
C)  Burning wood for fuel 
D)  Burning coal in power plants 
A)  Using automobiles 
B)  Cutting down trees 
C)  Burning wood for fuel 
D)  Burning coal in power plants D

Question 3

Nitrogen fixation is a process that makes nitrogen available to plants and is carried out by .

Accepted Answer

A)  bacteria 
B)  nitrogen gas dissolving in fresh water and in the ocean 
C)  volcanic eruptions 
D)  plants during photosynthesis 
A)  bacteria 
B)  nitrogen gas dissolving in fresh water and in the ocean 
C)  volcanic eruptions 
D)  plants during photosynthesis A

Question 4

Plants grow as their cells manufacture new organic molecules. The carbon in the newly created organic molecules of these plants came from .

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon dioxide in the air 
B)  carbon compounds absorbed from water 
C)  proteins and carbohydrates absorbed by the roots of the plants 
D)  carbon dioxide released during the production of plant sugars 
A)  carbon dioxide in the air 
B)  carbon compounds absorbed from water 
C)  proteins and carbohydrates absorbed by the roots of the plants 
D)  carbon dioxide released during the production of plant sugars

Question 5

Which of the following naturally convert(s) atmospheric nitrogen into reactive nitrogen?

Accepted Answer

A)  Various industrial processes for making fertilizers 
B)  Lightning and soil bacteria 
C)  Denitrifying bacteria 
D)  Fossil fuel combustion 
A)  Various industrial processes for making fertilizers 
B)  Lightning and soil bacteria 
C)  Denitrifying bacteria 
D)  Fossil fuel combustion

Question 6

All of the following statements about the sulfur cycle are true except for the following:

Accepted Answer

A)  Most sulfur is found in rocks and minerals. 
B)  A natural source of sulfur in soils is the weathering of rocks. 
C)  Unlike nitrogen and carbon, organisms do not require or contain sulfur. 
D)  Sulfur is released into the atmosphere when humans burn coal. 
A)  Most sulfur is found in rocks and minerals. 
B)  A natural source of sulfur in soils is the weathering of rocks. 
C)  Unlike nitrogen and carbon, organisms do not require or contain sulfur. 
D)  Sulfur is released into the atmosphere when humans burn coal.

Question 7

Biogeochemical cycles involve .

Accepted Answer

A)  heat loss from both respiration and photosynthesis 
B)  only geological and chemical processes 
C)  the cyclic movement of materials through ecosystems 
D)  only biological processes 
A)  heat loss from both respiration and photosynthesis 
B)  only geological and chemical processes 
C)  the cyclic movement of materials through ecosystems 
D)  only biological processes

Question 8

-The trends depicted in the figure are best explained by .

Accepted Answer

A)  an increased use of fossil fuels, followed by recent regulations restricting the production and use of fossil fuels containing sulfur 
B)  a growth and subsequent decline in the global human population 
C)  an increased use of fossil fuels, followed by a recent decreased use of fossil fuels 
D)  an increased use of sulfur- containing fertilizers, followed by a recent replacement of those fertilizers with those that contain phosphorus and nitrogen rather than sulfur 
A)  an increased use of fossil fuels, followed by recent regulations restricting the production and use of fossil fuels containing sulfur 
B)  a growth and subsequent decline in the global human population 
C)  an increased use of fossil fuels, followed by a recent decreased use of fossil fuels 
D)  an increased use of sulfur- containing fertilizers, followed by a recent replacement of those fertilizers with those that contain phosphorus and nitrogen rather than sulfur

Question 9

All of the following can be taken in and used by plants except .

Accepted Answer

A)  CO2 
B)  N2 
C)  NH4+ 
D)  PO43- 
A)  CO2 
B)  N2 
C)  NH4+ 
D)  PO43-

Question 10

-Discuss the role of bacteria in the (a) carbon and (b) nitrogen cycles.

Accepted Answer

(a) Like all organisms, bacteria require

Question 11

-The volume of Lake Erie is 480 km3. The main inflows into Lake Erie include the Detroit River and Buffalo River, and the main outflows include the Niagara River and Welland Canal. If the water level of Lake Erie remains level and the amount of water flowing into Lake Erie is 0.500 km3 per day, what is the approximate residence time for the water in Lake Erie?

Accepted Answer

A)  2.6 years 
B)  960 years 
C)  240 years 
D)  8.5 months 
A)  2.6 years 
B)  960 years 
C)  240 years 
D)  8.5 months

Question 12

-Give a brief overview of the terrestrial carbon cycle. Include the source of carbon that enters terrestrial ecosystems, how carbon moves through ecosystems, and how carbon ultimately leaves ecosystems. Explain how part of this cycle is believed to contribute to global climate change.

Accepted Answer

Plants take up CO₂ from the atmosphere an

Question 13

The artificial method of fixing atmospheric nitrogen for plant growth is called the .

Accepted Answer

A)  denitrification process 
B)  Haber- Bosch process 
C)  nitrification process 
D)  net primary production 
A)  denitrification process 
B)  Haber- Bosch process 
C)  nitrification process 
D)  net primary production

Question 14

Production of which of the following is expected to decline around the middle of this century, as global deposits dwindle?

Accepted Answer

A)  Phosphorus fertilizer 
B)  Reactive sulfur 
C)  Carbon dioxide 
D)  Nitrogen fertilizer 
A)  Phosphorus fertilizer 
B)  Reactive sulfur 
C)  Carbon dioxide 
D)  Nitrogen fertilizer

Question 15

Cows release which of the following into the atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

A)  SO2 
B)  Phosphorus, sulfur, carbon, and nitrogen 
C)  CO2 and CH4 
D)  N2 and NOx 
A)  SO2 
B)  Phosphorus, sulfur, carbon, and nitrogen 
C)  CO2 and CH4 
D)  N2 and NOx

Question 16

The Haber- Bosch process creates nitrogen fertilizers by .

Accepted Answer

A)  allowing vegetative detritus to break down under anaerobic conditions 
B)  extracting nitrogen oxides from the gases produced when fossil fuels are burned 
C)  converting nitrogen gas to ammonia 
D)  extracting reactive nitrogen from soils 
A)  allowing vegetative detritus to break down under anaerobic conditions 
B)  extracting nitrogen oxides from the gases produced when fossil fuels are burned 
C)  converting nitrogen gas to ammonia 
D)  extracting reactive nitrogen from soils

Question 17

The largest pools of carbon in the carbon cycle are .

Accepted Answer

A)  plants and animals 
B)  the atmosphere and land plants 
C)  freshwater systems and oceans 
D)  carbonate rocks and oceans 
A)  plants and animals 
B)  the atmosphere and land plants 
C)  freshwater systems and oceans 
D)  carbonate rocks and oceans

Question 18

All of the following can be converted into acids in the atmosphere except .

Accepted Answer

A)  sulfur 
B)  NO 
C)  N2 
D)  NO2 
A)  sulfur 
B)  NO 
C)  N2 
D)  NO2

Question 19

-By definition, inorganic fertilizers do not contain .

Accepted Answer

A)  either nitrogen or phosphorus 
B)  carbon 
C)  phosphorus 
D)  nitrogen 
A)  either nitrogen or phosphorus 
B)  carbon 
C)  phosphorus 
D)  nitrogen

Question 20

Which of the following elements is found in soils and rocks but is virtually absent from Earth's atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oxygen 
B)  Phosphorus 
C)  Nitrogen 
D)  Carbon 
A)  Oxygen 
B)  Phosphorus 
C)  Nitrogen 
D)  Carbon

All organic compounds contain .

-What human activity contributes most to the release of sulfur into the atmosphere?

Nitrogen fixation is a process that makes nitrogen available to plants and is carried out by .

Plants grow as their cells manufacture new organic molecules. The carbon in the newly created organic molecules of these plants came from .

Which of the following naturally convert(s) atmospheric nitrogen into reactive nitrogen?

All of the following statements about the sulfur cycle are true except for the following:

Biogeochemical cycles involve .

-The trends depicted in the figure are best explained by .

All of the following can be taken in and used by plants except .

-Discuss the role of bacteria in the (a) carbon and (b) nitrogen cycles.

-Give a brief overview of the terrestrial carbon cycle. Include the source of carbon that enters terrestrial ecosystems, how carbon moves through ecosystems, and how carbon ultimately leaves ecosystems. Explain how part of this cycle is believed to contribute to global climate change.

The artificial method of fixing atmospheric nitrogen for plant growth is called the .

Production of which of the following is expected to decline around the middle of this century, as global deposits dwindle?

Cows release which of the following into the atmosphere?

The Haber- Bosch process creates nitrogen fertilizers by .

The largest pools of carbon in the carbon cycle are .

All of the following can be converted into acids in the atmosphere except .

-By definition, inorganic fertilizers do not contain .

Which of the following elements is found in soils and rocks but is virtually absent from Earth's atmosphere?

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Exam 3: Economics and Values

All organic compounds contain .

-What human activity contributes most to the release of sulfur into the atmosphere?

Nitrogen fixation is a process that makes nitrogen available to plants and is carried out by .

Plants grow as their cells manufacture new organic molecules. The carbon in the newly created organic molecules of these plants came from .

Which of the following naturally convert(s) atmospheric nitrogen into reactive nitrogen?

All of the following statements about the sulfur cycle are true except for the following:

Biogeochemical cycles involve .

-The trends depicted in the figure are best explained by .

All of the following can be taken in and used by plants except .

-Discuss the role of bacteria in the (a) carbon and (b) nitrogen cycles.

-Give a brief overview of the terrestrial carbon cycle. Include the source of carbon that enters terrestrial ecosystems, how carbon moves through ecosystems, and how carbon ultimately leaves ecosystems. Explain how part of this cycle is believed to contribute to global climate change.

The artificial method of fixing atmospheric nitrogen for plant growth is called the .

Production of which of the following is expected to decline around the middle of this century, as global deposits dwindle?

Cows release which of the following into the atmosphere?

The Haber- Bosch process creates nitrogen fertilizers by .

The largest pools of carbon in the carbon cycle are .

All of the following can be converted into acids in the atmosphere except .

-By definition, inorganic fertilizers do not contain .

Which of the following elements is found in soils and rocks but is virtually absent from Earth's atmosphere?

The Science of Sustainability

Environmental Policy

Biodiversity and Evolution

Populations and Communities

Ecosystems and Biomes

Biogeochemical Cycles

Freshwater

Atmosphere and Air Pollution

Oceans

Climate

Human Populations

Land Use

Agriculture

Solid and Hazardous Waste

Human Health and the Environment

Energy Use

Nonrenewable Energy

Renewable Energy

Science Fundamentals

Filters