Exam 8: Memory

Another name for short-term memory is working memory.

Schemas can help us to organize and interpret information in a particular way.

An eyewitness from a crime is asked to look through some mugshots to see if he can identify the person who committed the crime. After doing this, he sees a police lineup of suspects and identifies one of the men as the person who committed the crime because He looks very familiar. Unfortunately, the man in the lineup looks familiar not because the eyewitness saw him commit the crime, but because he saw his face in the mugshot books a few hours ago and the eyewitness has forgotten this. This example best Demonstrates the phenomenon of:

You make an appointment for your car next week. But when the time comes, you forget all about it. This is a failure in

Semantic memory is best defined as:

Martha learns her math formulas for the weekly quizzes that she has in math class. Although she consistently earns perfect scores on the weekly quizzes, the day after any given quiz, Martha would be unable to take the quiz again and do as well. She noted her knowledge of the math formulas resembled the forgetting illustrated by _.

A child is a witness to a car accident. When he testifies in court, he states that a particular car ran a red light and caused the accident. Though the child actually believes this is what happened, this memory is inaccurate and has been created by his exposure to the repeated questioning of attorneys who have suggested that this is what happened. This example best demonstrates the problems associated with:

Eric is taking his psychology exam which contains multiple-choice questions. In order to answer the questions, Eric's strategy is to actively search his memory for the answers and, as such, he relies on his memory.

Individuals who reported recovered memories of alien abduction showed in a lab situation.

Dr. Sampson noted that a patient of his had damage to the amygdala. What kind of memory problems would you expect?

Research has revealed that the most effective way to improve recall memory is having multiple retrieval cues that are _.

Sir Frederick Bartlett had his participants read a story called "The War of the Ghosts," a unique tale from the 18th century. Participants' recall of the story 20 hours later was highly inaccurate and Bartlett interpreted these results as being due to _.

Mantyla (1986) looked at the value of retrieval cues in a sample of university students. This research found that

George Sperling attempted to assess the duration of iconic memory by:

Your client claims that she was sexually abused at the age of 5. She had forgotten about the incident and only recently has the memory been recovered. A Freudian psychotherapist would explain this lapse as an example of

The concept of state-dependent memory can best be understood by taking the more general encoding specificity principle and applying it to _.

The three broad categories of memory enhancement techniques are:

Research on the phenomenon of mood-congruent recall has found that people tend to have a better memory:

Sandy is taking both introductory and cognitive psychology courses this term and the first midterm for each course is on the same day. Sandy studies for her introductory psychology course for several hours and then cognitive psychology course for several hours. When she takes her exam for introductory psychology course first thing the next morning, the information she studied for cognitive psychology course interferes with her ability to recall the introductory psychology course material. This is a clear example of:

Automatic processing refers to incidental information that gets stored in memory, while the encoding of memories that are intentionally initiated and occur through conscious attention is called _.