Exam 5: Physical Development

Other things being equal, which one of the following adolescents is most likely to experience adjustment problems?

The process of fingers becoming more adept at handling small objects is an example of:

Which one of the following statements is not one of the ways that infants and toddlers learn?

Dylan recently experienced a traumatic brain injury. One of the most notable consequences of the injury is a sharp decline in Dylan's ability to communicate. Whereas Dylan was previously eloquent in his speaking and writing, he now struggles to make himself understood. From this information, you surmise that the part of Dylan's brain that was injured was:

Physical development is characterized by both differentiation and integration. Which statement best describes the functioning of these two processes in physical development?

In recent years, many educators have spoken of the first few years of life as being a critical period for brain development, in large part because much synaptogenesis, synaptic pruning, and myelination occur during this time. They have therefore suggested that infants, toddlers, and young preschoolers should be immersed in many stimulating activities that provide a foundation for reading, writing, arithmetic, and other basic skills. Respond to their line of reasoning by answering the following questions: a. What roles do synaptogenesis, synaptic pruning, and myelination each play in brain development? b. Is formal education that begins at age 5 or 6 too late? Justify your response using what you have learned about brain development.

Which one of the following best describes how neurons transmit messages to one another?

You have been asked to help develop a drug and alcohol use prevention program at a local high school. Knowing what research says about effective interventions, one essential ingredient of your program should be:

After taking a particular illegal drug, Mark feels as if everyone around him is a close friend. "I love you, man!" he tells several complete strangers as he hugs them. But he's getting increasingly dehydrated, and he's ignoring the muscle cramps in his legs. Chances are that Mark has:

Melissa is in third grade. She raises her hand when she wants to answer a question. She takes turns when using classroom materials. She keeps track of her homework assignments and submits her assignments on time. All of these actions she is able to do on her own. Which ability does Melissa demonstrate through these actions?

The American Academy of Pediatricians recommends breastfeeding of infants due to its many advantages over other methods. Which of the following is not an advantage of breastfeeding?

The shift from generalized possibilities to specialized functioning over the course of development is known as:

The school board at East High School has decided to make condoms available to students who request them. Research suggests that this policy will result in:

Here is a typical school day for Sabrina, who is a tenth grader: Wake up at 6:00 to arrive at school by 7:00 for orchestra practice. Attend classes from 8:00 to 3:00, changing classes every hour. After school, go to choir practice and then to either dance lessons or a part-time job, depending on the day. Fill in any free time before dinner (which is usually around 8:00) watching television or talking on the phone. After dinner, complete several hours of homework and engage in instant-messaging on the Internet with friends. Be in bed by midnight. Is this schedule consistent with good physical health?

Debbie is an honor roll student, accomplished musician, and unusually dedicated runner. She often skips lunch, and she is extremely thin, to the point of looking unhealthy. Yet when she looks in the mirror, she laments that she looks "fat." You might reasonably suspect that Debbie suffers from:

As she runs a race, Aggie's heart starts beating faster to help her body keep up with its increasing need for oxygen. Aggie can largely thank her _______ for this change.

Many older children and adolescents eat as if they believe that fat, salt, and sugar are the primary food groups. Identify at least three different problems that can result from eating in such a manner.

Which one of the following statements best describes the physical exercise of teenagers in the United States?

Which one of the following is the best example of a gross motor skill?

For which of the following is early stimulation necessary for normal development?