Question 1

Which of the following is a major dissolved volatile constituent in both magmas and volcanic gases?

Accepted Answer

A)  carbon monoxide 
B)  hydrogen chloride 
C)  methane 
D)  water 
A)  carbon monoxide 
B)  hydrogen chloride 
C)  methane 
D)  water D

Question 2

The greatest rate of volcanism and largest accumulations of volcanic deposits are associated with________

Accepted Answer

A)  rhyolitic lava domes 
B)  ash clouds dispersed in the stratosphere 
C)  giant cinder cones 
D)  flood basalts from fissure eruptions 
A)  rhyolitic lava domes 
B)  ash clouds dispersed in the stratosphere 
C)  giant cinder cones 
D)  flood basalts from fissure eruptions D

Question 3

How far can nueés ardentes travel from their source vents?

Accepted Answer

A)  up to 10 km 
B)  > 100 km 
C)   1000 km 
A)  up to 10 km 
B)  > 100 km 
C)   1000 km B

Question 4

Kilauea and Mauna Loa are what kind of volcanoes?

Accepted Answer

A)  andesitic composite cones 
B)  explosive, rhyolitic volcanoes 
C)  basaltic shield volcanoes 
D)  small, basaltic cinder cones 
A)  andesitic composite cones 
B)  explosive, rhyolitic volcanoes 
C)  basaltic shield volcanoes 
D)  small, basaltic cinder cones

Question 5

The average composition of rocks composing a large composite cone is similar to which magma?

Accepted Answer

A)  andesitic 
B)  ultramafic 
C)  mafic 
D)  felsic 
A)  andesitic 
B)  ultramafic 
C)  mafic 
D)  felsic

Question 6

The ___________ocean basin is rimmed by the most subduction zones.

Accepted Answer

A)  Pacific 
B)  Arctic 
C)  Indian 
D)  Atlantic 
A)  Pacific 
B)  Arctic 
C)  Indian 
D)  Atlantic

Question 7

The 1991 Pinatubo eruption in the Philippines caused global temperatures to drop over the next year. What caused this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

A)  The eruptive cloud destroyed parts of the Earth's protective ozone layer. 
B)  Sulfur dioxide was released and formed aerosols in the atmosphere. 
C)  Radioactive atoms blown into the atmosphere froze as they decayed. 
D)  The eruption added large amounts of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. 
A)  The eruptive cloud destroyed parts of the Earth's protective ozone layer. 
B)  Sulfur dioxide was released and formed aerosols in the atmosphere. 
C)  Radioactive atoms blown into the atmosphere froze as they decayed. 
D)  The eruption added large amounts of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere.

Question 8

Which was the most powerful, explosive volcanic eruption of historic time?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vesuvius, Italy, 79 A.D. 
B)  Nevado del Ruiz, Columbia, 1985 
C)  Mt. Pele, Martinique, 1902 
D)  Tambora, Indonesia, 1815 
A)  Vesuvius, Italy, 79 A.D. 
B)  Nevado del Ruiz, Columbia, 1985 
C)  Mt. Pele, Martinique, 1902 
D)  Tambora, Indonesia, 1815

Question 9

What volcanic environment generated both Mt. Pelee and Montserrat?

Accepted Answer

A)  the Mid- Atlantic Ridge 
B)  the Andes arc 
C)  the Lesser Antilles arc 
D)  the Italian flood basalt province 
A)  the Mid- Atlantic Ridge 
B)  the Andes arc 
C)  the Lesser Antilles arc 
D)  the Italian flood basalt province

Question 10

Which statement is most correct concerning volcanic effects on our atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pollution of the atmosphere by sulfur compounds contributes significantly to acid rain. 
B)  Gases from volcanoes condense to make natural fertilizer, boosting plant growth. 
C)  If it were not for active volcanism there would be no free oxygen in the atmosphere. 
D)  Active volcanism is responsible for maintaining atmospheric levels of nitrogen. 
A)  Pollution of the atmosphere by sulfur compounds contributes significantly to acid rain. 
B)  Gases from volcanoes condense to make natural fertilizer, boosting plant growth. 
C)  If it were not for active volcanism there would be no free oxygen in the atmosphere. 
D)  Active volcanism is responsible for maintaining atmospheric levels of nitrogen.

Question 11

What was the maximum distance travelled by erupted materials from the last major eruption of Mount St. Helens?

Accepted Answer

A)  approximately 1200 km into Alberta and Montana 
B)  18,000 m into the Stratosphere 
C)  around the world for several days 
D)  400 m down the flank of the volcano 
A)  approximately 1200 km into Alberta and Montana 
B)  18,000 m into the Stratosphere 
C)  around the world for several days 
D)  400 m down the flank of the volcano

Question 12

Which correctly describes the size and thickness variation in pyroclastics relative to the composite cone they came from?

Accepted Answer

A)  Size decreases, but deposits thicken downslope and then thin with distance. 
B)  Size increases, and the deposits get thicker away from the vent. 
C)  Size and thickness both decrease uniformly away from the central vent. 
D)  Size increases then decreases with distance, but deposits are the same thickness. 
A)  Size decreases, but deposits thicken downslope and then thin with distance. 
B)  Size increases, and the deposits get thicker away from the vent. 
C)  Size and thickness both decrease uniformly away from the central vent. 
D)  Size increases then decreases with distance, but deposits are the same thickness.

Question 13

What destroyed the city of St. Pierre, Martinique in 1902?

Accepted Answer

A)  a nuée ardente 
B)  heavy ashfall 
C)  mudflows 
D)  mafic lava flows 
A)  a nuée ardente 
B)  heavy ashfall 
C)  mudflows 
D)  mafic lava flows

Question 14

Which two factors tend to increase the explosive potential of a magma body beneath a volcano?

Accepted Answer

A)  low viscosity; low dissolved gas content 
B)  high viscosity; low dissolved gas content 
C)  low silica content, low viscosity 
D)  high viscosity and dissolved gas 
A)  low viscosity; low dissolved gas content 
B)  high viscosity; low dissolved gas content 
C)  low silica content, low viscosity 
D)  high viscosity and dissolved gas

Question 15

Which one of the following shows the correct order (left to right) of decreasing magma viscosity?

Accepted Answer

A)  felsic, andesitic, mafic 
B)  andesitic, felsic, mafic 
C)  mafic, andesitic, felsic 
D)  mafic, felsic, andesitic 
A)  felsic, andesitic, mafic 
B)  andesitic, felsic, mafic 
C)  mafic, andesitic, felsic 
D)  mafic, felsic, andesitic

Question 16

Which kind of volcanism is typical of mid- ocean ridge systems?

Accepted Answer

A)  explosive; composite cones 
B)  explosive; felsic, pyroclastic flows 
C)  submarine; mafic lava flows 
D)  subversive fissure eruptions and flood basalts 
A)  explosive; composite cones 
B)  explosive; felsic, pyroclastic flows 
C)  submarine; mafic lava flows 
D)  subversive fissure eruptions and flood basalts

Question 17

Which natural phenomenon occurs for several years after major explosive volcanic eruptions such as Tambora and Krakatoa?

Accepted Answer

A)  heavy falls of volcanic ash within 100 km of the volcano 
B)  unusually warm weather in the tropics and subtropics 
C)  volcanic gases linger in the atmosphere 
D)  a worldwide rise in sea level of one to three centimeters 
A)  heavy falls of volcanic ash within 100 km of the volcano 
B)  unusually warm weather in the tropics and subtropics 
C)  volcanic gases linger in the atmosphere 
D)  a worldwide rise in sea level of one to three centimeters

Question 18

Which of the following best describes seamounts and islands of the deep ocean basins?

Accepted Answer

A)  andesitic pyroclastic rocks submerged when the mountains sank below sea level 
B)  domed gabbro intrusions and massive, submarine, rhyolitic, pyroclastic cones 
C)  piles of basaltic lava flows built up from the ocean floor by multiple summit and flank eruptions 
D)  huge granite batholiths intruded beneath the ocean floor 
A)  andesitic pyroclastic rocks submerged when the mountains sank below sea level 
B)  domed gabbro intrusions and massive, submarine, rhyolitic, pyroclastic cones 
C)  piles of basaltic lava flows built up from the ocean floor by multiple summit and flank eruptions 
D)  huge granite batholiths intruded beneath the ocean floor

Question 19

In general, which of the following types of magma will be more likely to erupt explosively?

Accepted Answer

A)  a very fluid komatiitic magma 
B)  an intermediate andesitic magma with a low water content 
C)  a highly viscous felsic magma 
D)  a relatively low viscosity mafic magma 
A)  a very fluid komatiitic magma 
B)  an intermediate andesitic magma with a low water content 
C)  a highly viscous felsic magma 
D)  a relatively low viscosity mafic magma

Question 20

What volcanoes have the highest elevations?

Accepted Answer

A)  shield 
B)  cinder cones 
C)  stratospheric 
D)  composite cones 
A)  shield 
B)  cinder cones 
C)  stratospheric 
D)  composite cones

Which of the following is a major dissolved volatile constituent in both magmas and volcanic gases?

The greatest rate of volcanism and largest accumulations of volcanic deposits are associated with________

How far can nueés ardentes travel from their source vents?

Kilauea and Mauna Loa are what kind of volcanoes?

The average composition of rocks composing a large composite cone is similar to which magma?

The ___________ocean basin is rimmed by the most subduction zones.

The 1991 Pinatubo eruption in the Philippines caused global temperatures to drop over the next year. What caused this phenomenon?

Which was the most powerful, explosive volcanic eruption of historic time?

What volcanic environment generated both Mt. Pelee and Montserrat?

Which statement is most correct concerning volcanic effects on our atmosphere?

What was the maximum distance travelled by erupted materials from the last major eruption of Mount St. Helens?

Which correctly describes the size and thickness variation in pyroclastics relative to the composite cone they came from?

What destroyed the city of St. Pierre, Martinique in 1902?

Which two factors tend to increase the explosive potential of a magma body beneath a volcano?

Which one of the following shows the correct order (left to right) of decreasing magma viscosity?

Which kind of volcanism is typical of mid- ocean ridge systems?

Which natural phenomenon occurs for several years after major explosive volcanic eruptions such as Tambora and Krakatoa?

Which of the following best describes seamounts and islands of the deep ocean basins?

In general, which of the following types of magma will be more likely to erupt explosively?

What volcanoes have the highest elevations?

An Introduction to Geology and Plate Tectonics

Minerals: the Building Blocks of Rocks

Igneous Rocks

Volcanoes and Volcanic Processes

Weathering and Soil

Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks

Geologic Time

Crustal Deformation

Earthquakes and Earths Interior

The Ocean Floor

Plate Tectonics: the Framework for Modern Geology

Mountain Building and Continental Frameworks

Mass Wasting: the Work of Gravity

Groundwater

Glaciers and Glaciation

Deserts and Winds

Shorelines

Mineral and Energy Resources

Filters

Exam 15: Running Water

Which of the following is a major dissolved volatile constituent in both magmas and volcanic gases?

The greatest rate of volcanism and largest accumulations of volcanic deposits are associated with________

How far can nueés ardentes travel from their source vents?

Kilauea and Mauna Loa are what kind of volcanoes?

The average composition of rocks composing a large composite cone is similar to which magma?

The ___________ocean basin is rimmed by the most subduction zones.

The 1991 Pinatubo eruption in the Philippines caused global temperatures to drop over the next year. What caused this phenomenon?

Which was the most powerful, explosive volcanic eruption of historic time?

What volcanic environment generated both Mt. Pelee and Montserrat?

Which statement is most correct concerning volcanic effects on our atmosphere?

What was the maximum distance travelled by erupted materials from the last major eruption of Mount St. Helens?

Which correctly describes the size and thickness variation in pyroclastics relative to the composite cone they came from?

What destroyed the city of St. Pierre, Martinique in 1902?

Which two factors tend to increase the explosive potential of a magma body beneath a volcano?

Which one of the following shows the correct order (left to right) of decreasing magma viscosity?

Which kind of volcanism is typical of mid- ocean ridge systems?

Which natural phenomenon occurs for several years after major explosive volcanic eruptions such as Tambora and Krakatoa?

Which of the following best describes seamounts and islands of the deep ocean basins?

In general, which of the following types of magma will be more likely to erupt explosively?

What volcanoes have the highest elevations?

An Introduction to Geology and Plate Tectonics

Minerals: the Building Blocks of Rocks

Igneous Rocks

Volcanoes and Volcanic Processes

Weathering and Soil

Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks

Geologic Time

Crustal Deformation

Earthquakes and Earths Interior

The Ocean Floor

Plate Tectonics: the Framework for Modern Geology

Mountain Building and Continental Frameworks

Mass Wasting: the Work of Gravity

Groundwater

Glaciers and Glaciation

Deserts and Winds

Shorelines

Mineral and Energy Resources

Filters