Question 1

Which of the following features can be associated with a strike-slip fault?

Accepted Answer

A)  transform boundaries that connect parts of a mid-ocean ridge 
B)  a transform fault within a continent 
C)  a shear zone within a continent 
D)  all of these 
A)  transform boundaries that connect parts of a mid-ocean ridge 
B)  a transform fault within a continent 
C)  a shear zone within a continent 
D)  all of these

Question 2

What type of fold is shown on this cross section?

Accepted Answer

A)  anticline 
B)  syncline 
C)  monocline 
D)  gneiss dome 
A)  anticline 
B)  syncline 
C)  monocline 
D)  gneiss dome

Question 3

What orientation of stresses is the simplest explanation for the structure shown in this figure?

Accepted Answer

A)  equal amounts of confining pressure 
B)  tension from upper left to lower right 
C)  shearing in a vertical direction 
D)  shearing in a horizontal direction 
A)  equal amounts of confining pressure 
B)  tension from upper left to lower right 
C)  shearing in a vertical direction 
D)  shearing in a horizontal direction

Question 4

This light-colored rock is composed of finely crystalline calcite. It also contains metamorphosed fossils and cleavage. What is the correct name for this rock?

Accepted Answer

A)  greenstone 
B)  quartzite 
C)  marble 
D)  deformed granite 
A)  greenstone 
B)  quartzite 
C)  marble 
D)  deformed granite

Question 5

Which of the following is a common metamorphic process?

Accepted Answer

A)  deforming objects into new shapes 
B)  rotation of minerals into a common orientation 
C)  remobilization of chemical constituents into light and dark bands 
D)  dissolving some parts of the rock and carrying the material away 
E)  all of these 
A)  deforming objects into new shapes 
B)  rotation of minerals into a common orientation 
C)  remobilization of chemical constituents into light and dark bands 
D)  dissolving some parts of the rock and carrying the material away 
E)  all of these

Question 6

Fold and thrust belts:

Accepted Answer

A)  form where thrust faults cut through a thick sequence of layered rocks 
B)  contain cleavage and joints 
C)  displace older rocks over younger ones 
D)  all of these 
A)  form where thrust faults cut through a thick sequence of layered rocks 
B)  contain cleavage and joints 
C)  displace older rocks over younger ones 
D)  all of these

Question 7

How do geologists determine the stability conditions of minerals?

Accepted Answer

A)  Studying rock samples from drill holes 
B)  Observing deep rocks that were uplifted due to tectonics and exposed 
C)  Conducting laboratory experiments with high T and P conditions 
D)  All of these 
A)  Studying rock samples from drill holes 
B)  Observing deep rocks that were uplifted due to tectonics and exposed 
C)  Conducting laboratory experiments with high T and P conditions 
D)  All of these

Question 8

If a rock is subjected to differential stress, then it means that:

Accepted Answer

A)  forces are pushing inward from all directions by the same amount 
B)  stresses are pushing inward from all directions by the same amount 
C)  fluid pressure is greater than the confining pressure 
D)  the amount of stress is greater in some directions than in others 
A)  forces are pushing inward from all directions by the same amount 
B)  stresses are pushing inward from all directions by the same amount 
C)  fluid pressure is greater than the confining pressure 
D)  the amount of stress is greater in some directions than in others

Question 9

Which of the following is primarily responsible for the blocky and/or linear features shown?

Accepted Answer

A)  Weathering along joint sets 
B)  Contact metamorphism 
C)  Creation of horsts and grabens 
D)  Thrust faulting along fractures 
A)  Weathering along joint sets 
B)  Contact metamorphism 
C)  Creation of horsts and grabens 
D)  Thrust faulting along fractures

Question 10

What features can be used to interpret which way a prehistoric fault moved?

Accepted Answer

A)  scratch marks on the fault 
B)  folding of rocks next to the fault 
C)  the formation of folds along bends in a fault 
D)  all of these 
A)  scratch marks on the fault 
B)  folding of rocks next to the fault 
C)  the formation of folds along bends in a fault 
D)  all of these

Question 11

Based on the image and your knowledge of metamorphic minerals, which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Garnet is diagnostic of moderate- to high-grade metamorphic conditions. 
B)  Garnet tends to be formed under low-grade metamorphic conditions. 
C)  The occurrence of garnet cannot be used in conjunction with the occurrence of any other minerals for determining metamorphic conditions. 
D)  Chlorite is diagnostic of the highest grade of metamorphic conditions. 
A)  Garnet is diagnostic of moderate- to high-grade metamorphic conditions. 
B)  Garnet tends to be formed under low-grade metamorphic conditions. 
C)  The occurrence of garnet cannot be used in conjunction with the occurrence of any other minerals for determining metamorphic conditions. 
D)  Chlorite is diagnostic of the highest grade of metamorphic conditions.

Question 12

What kind of metamorphic rock is formed where rocks have been heated but not deformed?

Accepted Answer

A)  slate 
B)  schist 
C)  metamorphic rock with shear zones 
D)  a rock with metamorphic minerals but no foliation or lineation 
E)  it is not possible to metamorphose a rock without deformation 
A)  slate 
B)  schist 
C)  metamorphic rock with shear zones 
D)  a rock with metamorphic minerals but no foliation or lineation 
E)  it is not possible to metamorphose a rock without deformation

Question 13

If the view is looking north, which of the following correctly indicates which rocks are higher in metamorphic grade in the following image?

Accepted Answer

A)  the banded rocks to the east 
B)  the rocks in the grassy area and southern hill 
A)  the banded rocks to the east 
B)  the rocks in the grassy area and southern hill

Question 14

What type of fault is forming here?

Accepted Answer

A)  normal fault 
B)  reverse fault 
C)  strike-slip fault 
D)  oblique-slip faults 
A)  normal fault 
B)  reverse fault 
C)  strike-slip fault 
D)  oblique-slip faults

Question 15

When a rock is buried deep in the Earth and experiences the same force from all sides, it is under:

Accepted Answer

A)  confining pressure 
B)  fluid pressure 
C)  shear stress 
D)  burial compression 
A)  confining pressure 
B)  fluid pressure 
C)  shear stress 
D)  burial compression

Question 16

What types of structures dominate the Valley and Ridge Province of the Appalachian Mountains?

Accepted Answer

A)  normal faults that uplift the ridges and downdrop the valleys 
B)  glacially carved valleys and curved ridges of glacial deposits 
C)  large folds and thrust faults that have been eroded 
D)  high-grade metamorphic rocks and ridges of granite 
A)  normal faults that uplift the ridges and downdrop the valleys 
B)  glacially carved valleys and curved ridges of glacial deposits 
C)  large folds and thrust faults that have been eroded 
D)  high-grade metamorphic rocks and ridges of granite

Question 17

Which of the following structures can be related to or can occur close to faults?

Accepted Answer

A)  joints 
B)  tilted blocks 
C)  anticlines 
D)  synclines 
E)  all of these 
A)  joints 
B)  tilted blocks 
C)  anticlines 
D)  synclines 
E)  all of these

Question 18

When a rock is subjected to tectonic forces and experiences stress that is not the same in all directions, it is under:

Accepted Answer

A)  differential stress 
B)  convergent stress 
C)  tensional stress 
D)  alternating pressure 
A)  differential stress 
B)  convergent stress 
C)  tensional stress 
D)  alternating pressure

Question 19

What can occur in association with a thrust fault?

Accepted Answer

A)  folding of rocks as the fault grows or propagates upward 
B)  folding of rocks as layers are forced up and over bends in the fault 
C)  burial and metamorphism of rocks beneath the thrust fault 
D)  all of these 
E)  none of these 
A)  folding of rocks as the fault grows or propagates upward 
B)  folding of rocks as layers are forced up and over bends in the fault 
C)  burial and metamorphism of rocks beneath the thrust fault 
D)  all of these 
E)  none of these

Question 20

What type of metamorphic feature is shown in this photograph?

Accepted Answer

A)  thrust fault 
B)  normal fault 
C)  cleavage 
D)  hornfels 
A)  thrust fault 
B)  normal fault 
C)  cleavage 
D)  hornfels

Which of the following features can be associated with a strike-slip fault?

What type of fold is shown on this cross section?

What orientation of stresses is the simplest explanation for the structure shown in this figure?

This light-colored rock is composed of finely crystalline calcite. It also contains metamorphosed fossils and cleavage. What is the correct name for this rock?

Which of the following is a common metamorphic process?

Fold and thrust belts:

How do geologists determine the stability conditions of minerals?

If a rock is subjected to differential stress, then it means that:

Which of the following is primarily responsible for the blocky and/or linear features shown?

What features can be used to interpret which way a prehistoric fault moved?

Based on the image and your knowledge of metamorphic minerals, which of the following is true?

What kind of metamorphic rock is formed where rocks have been heated but not deformed?

If the view is looking north, which of the following correctly indicates which rocks are higher in metamorphic grade in the following image?

What type of fault is forming here?

When a rock is buried deep in the Earth and experiences the same force from all sides, it is under:

What types of structures dominate the Valley and Ridge Province of the Appalachian Mountains?

Which of the following structures can be related to or can occur close to faults?

When a rock is subjected to tectonic forces and experiences stress that is not the same in all directions, it is under:

What can occur in association with a thrust fault?

What type of metamorphic feature is shown in this photograph?

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Exam 8: Deformation and Metamorphism

Which of the following features can be associated with a strike-slip fault?

What type of fold is shown on this cross section?

What orientation of stresses is the simplest explanation for the structure shown in this figure?

This light-colored rock is composed of finely crystalline calcite. It also contains metamorphosed fossils and cleavage. What is the correct name for this rock?

Which of the following is a common metamorphic process?

Fold and thrust belts:

How do geologists determine the stability conditions of minerals?

If a rock is subjected to differential stress, then it means that:

Which of the following is primarily responsible for the blocky and/or linear features shown?

What features can be used to interpret which way a prehistoric fault moved?

Based on the image and your knowledge of metamorphic minerals, which of the following is true?

What kind of metamorphic rock is formed where rocks have been heated but not deformed?

If the view is looking north, which of the following correctly indicates which rocks are higher in metamorphic grade in the following image?

What type of fault is forming here?

When a rock is buried deep in the Earth and experiences the same force from all sides, it is under:

What types of structures dominate the Valley and Ridge Province of the Appalachian Mountains?

Which of the following structures can be related to or can occur close to faults?

When a rock is subjected to tectonic forces and experiences stress that is not the same in all directions, it is under:

What can occur in association with a thrust fault?

What type of metamorphic feature is shown in this photograph?

The Nature of Geology

Investigating Geologic Questions

Plate Tectonics

Earth Materials

Igneous Environments

Volcanoes and Volcanic Hazards

Sedimentary Environments

Geologic Time

Seafloor and Continental Margins

Mountains, Basins, and Continents

Earthquakes and Earths Interior

Climate and Weathering

Glaciers, Shorelines, and Changing Sea Levels

Weathering, Soil, and Unstable Slopes

Streams and Flooding

Water Resources

Energy and Mineral Resources

Geology of the Solar System

Filters