Exam 2: How to Think About International Relations: Perspectives, Levels of Analysis, and Causal Arrows

Historically, international law was developed to protect the interests of states. However, more recently, it has evolved to address the rights of citizens and individual human beings to protection from mistreatment.

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(True/False)

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Question 1

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True

According to the realist perspective, how does anarchy in the international system lead to war?

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Question 2

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Answers may vary. Anarchy, or the decentralized distribution of power in the international system, means that there is no "world 911," and states must therefore rely on themselves for their own security (which is known as self-help). In this situation, war is always possible because there is nothing to effectively prevent it. Realists argue that other features of the international system make war more or less likely, although they disagree on specifics. Realists disagree on whether the system is most prone to war when there is a single dominant power or when there is equilibrium. Even if they agree that war is less likely under equilibrium, realists disagree on whether bipolar systems (systems with two great powers) or multipolar systems (systems with several great powers) are less prone to war. In addition, there are several specific ways in which self-help can lead to war. One way is through the security dilemma, a situation that arises when a state arms to make itself more secure but threatens other states by doing so. Another is through the balance of power, which occurs when states form alliances (and possibly go to war) to prevent a single state from dominating the international system. Some realists argue that war is most likely when power transition occurs-that is, when a dominant power declines relative to rising powers.

Marxist critical theory emphasizes which of the following explanations for politics?

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Question 3

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are those that position actors' self-images with respect to one another as similar or dissimilar, while are those that overlap and fuse based on norms and images that cannot be traced back to specific identities or their interrelationships.

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Question 4

War is most likely to occur during moments of power transition, or when an emerging power challenges a declining power.

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Question 5

Deterrence refers to the use of ______.

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Question 6

According to the identity perspective, what is the distribution of identities, and how can it determine how states cooperate or conflict?

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Question 7

SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. Collective goods have which of the following properties?

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Question 8

Which term refers to a network of intergovernmental organizations that together make up a loose form of world government?

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Question 9

SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. Which of the following are examples of nongovernmental organizations?

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Question 10

The security dilemma results from the fact that a state, as it gains power in order to gain security, threatens the security of other states.

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Question 11

The realist perspective tends to define power as ______.

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Question 12

If an explanation of World War I argues that Germany's relative power was the cause of war, it is best described by the ______ levels of analysis.

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Question 13

SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. What is the balance of power?

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Question 14

Arguing that President George W. Bush and a small group of neoconservative advisers made the decision to invade Iraq in 2003 for their own reasons is an example of an argument from the ______ level of analysis.

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Question 15

According to the identity perspective, what are the internal and external dimensions of a state's identity?

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Question 16

______ is described as a situation in where one actor will gain while the other loses.

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Question 17

What is the name of the specific realist theory that argues that states seek maximum or dominant power?

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Question 18

Stalin's 1939 pact with Germany-which at the time represented the greatest threat to the Soviet Union-is an example of which of the following?

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Question 19

______refers to the exchange of ideas that are free of material or institutional influence, such as pure speech acts, in order to establish claims to validity.

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Question 20

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Historically, international law was developed to protect the interests of states. However, more recently, it has evolved to address the rights of citizens and individual human beings to protection from mistreatment.

According to the realist perspective, how does anarchy in the international system lead to war?

Marxist critical theory emphasizes which of the following explanations for politics?

are those that position actors' self-images with respect to one another as similar or dissimilar, while are those that overlap and fuse based on norms and images that cannot be traced back to specific identities or their interrelationships.

War is most likely to occur during moments of power transition, or when an emerging power challenges a declining power.

Deterrence refers to the use of ______.

According to the identity perspective, what is the distribution of identities, and how can it determine how states cooperate or conflict?

SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. Collective goods have which of the following properties?

Which term refers to a network of intergovernmental organizations that together make up a loose form of world government?

SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. Which of the following are examples of nongovernmental organizations?

The security dilemma results from the fact that a state, as it gains power in order to gain security, threatens the security of other states.

The realist perspective tends to define power as ______.

If an explanation of World War I argues that Germany's relative power was the cause of war, it is best described by the ______ levels of analysis.

SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. What is the balance of power?

Arguing that President George W. Bush and a small group of neoconservative advisers made the decision to invade Iraq in 2003 for their own reasons is an example of an argument from the ______ level of analysis.

According to the identity perspective, what are the internal and external dimensions of a state's identity?

______ is described as a situation in where one actor will gain while the other loses.

What is the name of the specific realist theory that argues that states seek maximum or dominant power?

Stalin's 1939 pact with Germany-which at the time represented the greatest threat to the Soviet Union-is an example of which of the following?

______refers to the exchange of ideas that are free of material or institutional influence, such as pure speech acts, in order to establish claims to validity.

Introduction: Why We Disagree about International Relations

World War I: World on Fire

World War II: Why Did War Happen Again

The Origins and End of the Cold War

Realist Perspectives on Todays World: Unipolarity, Rising Powers, Asymmetric Warfare, and Ethnic Conflicts

Liberal Perspectives on Todays World: Collective Security, Multilateral Diplomacy, Interdependence, and International Institutions

Identity Perspectives on Todays World: Democracy, Religion, Nationalism, and Human Rights

Realist and Liberal Perspectives on Globalization: Security, Domestic Economy, Trade, Investment, and Finance

Identity Perspectives on Globalization: Development and Environment

Critical Theory Perspectives on Globalization: Inequality, Imperialism, and Injustice

Applying Perspectives and Levels of Analysis: the Case of the Democratic Peace

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Exam 2: How to Think About International Relations: Perspectives, Levels of Analysis, and Causal Arrows

Historically, international law was developed to protect the interests of states. However, more recently, it has evolved to address the rights of citizens and individual human beings to protection from mistreatment.

According to the realist perspective, how does anarchy in the international system lead to war?

Marxist critical theory emphasizes which of the following explanations for politics?

______are those that position actors' self-images with respect to one another as similar or dissimilar, while ______ are those that overlap and fuse based on norms and images that cannot be traced back to specific identities or their interrelationships.

War is most likely to occur during moments of power transition, or when an emerging power challenges a declining power.

Deterrence refers to the use of ______.

According to the identity perspective, what is the distribution of identities, and how can it determine how states cooperate or conflict?

SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. Collective goods have which of the following properties?

Which term refers to a network of intergovernmental organizations that together make up a loose form of world government?

SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. Which of the following are examples of nongovernmental organizations?

The security dilemma results from the fact that a state, as it gains power in order to gain security, threatens the security of other states.

The realist perspective tends to define power as ______.

If an explanation of World War I argues that Germany's relative power was the cause of war, it is best described by the ______ levels of analysis.

SELECT ALL THAT APPLY. What is the balance of power?

Arguing that President George W. Bush and a small group of neoconservative advisers made the decision to invade Iraq in 2003 for their own reasons is an example of an argument from the ______ level of analysis.

According to the identity perspective, what are the internal and external dimensions of a state's identity?

______ is described as a situation in where one actor will gain while the other loses.

What is the name of the specific realist theory that argues that states seek maximum or dominant power?

Stalin's 1939 pact with Germany-which at the time represented the greatest threat to the Soviet Union-is an example of which of the following?

______refers to the exchange of ideas that are free of material or institutional influence, such as pure speech acts, in order to establish claims to validity.

Introduction: Why We Disagree about International Relations

World War I: World on Fire

World War II: Why Did War Happen Again

The Origins and End of the Cold War

Realist Perspectives on Todays World: Unipolarity, Rising Powers, Asymmetric Warfare, and Ethnic Conflicts

Liberal Perspectives on Todays World: Collective Security, Multilateral Diplomacy, Interdependence, and International Institutions

Identity Perspectives on Todays World: Democracy, Religion, Nationalism, and Human Rights

Realist and Liberal Perspectives on Globalization: Security, Domestic Economy, Trade, Investment, and Finance

Identity Perspectives on Globalization: Development and Environment

Critical Theory Perspectives on Globalization: Inequality, Imperialism, and Injustice

Applying Perspectives and Levels of Analysis: the Case of the Democratic Peace

Filters

are those that position actors' self-images with respect to one another as similar or dissimilar, while are those that overlap and fuse based on norms and images that cannot be traced back to specific identities or their interrelationships.