Exam 5: Problem Solving

The first step in any good problem-solving process is to assess the various possible solutions.

Key aspects of a(n)________ approach to problem solving are irregular feedback, combined with knowledge of results.

Define intuition and its role in problem solving.

After binge-watching during shark week, you believe that the likelihood of a shark attack is more common than in reality. You then cancel your vacation to the ocean front. You are a victim of

The PADIL approach to problem solving includes five major steps. The first step is identified as

Describe the judgment error of confirmation bias. Why is it important to avoid this bias when solving problems?

Abraham constructed a weighted rank alternatives table to decide where to go to graduate school. His most important criteria were cost, location, and publication opportunities. His four school choices all were ranked highest on the three criteria. Abraham does not know how to choose. He has reached a condition of

When a sequence appears to be nonrandom, it must be nonrandom. This is an example of

Apply problem-structuring tools to reframe or define a given problem.

Which of the following warnings is a good defense for decision biases?

Consider the fact that 81 percent of surveyed new business owners thought that their business had at least a 70 percent chance of success, but only 39 percent thought that most businesses like theirs would succeed. Describe the bias that this example illustrates.

A good decision is the same as a good outcome.

When asked about the leading cause of deaths in the U.S., Jill chose car accidents over heart disease as the cause of more U.S. deaths per year. When asked why she chose the wrong answer, she said, "I hear about fatal car accidents more often than I hear about deaths caused by heart diseases." The type of judgement error made by Jill is

Identify evidence-based methods of increasing the number of possible solutions to a problem.