Exam 5: Sampling

______ sampling may involve studying an entire population or some subset of a population.

The more homogeneous the population, the more confidence we can have in the representativeness of a sample of any particular size.

Quota sampling is another name for judgment sampling.

In the National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey (NISVS), adult U.S. residents were selected through a ______ sampling method.

Purposive sampling is a method of sampling in which sample elements are selected as they are identified by successive informants or interviewees.

In criminological research, the units under study are known as the units of ______.

Probability sampling methods are those in which the probability of selection is known and not zero.

Including cell phone numbers in a phone survey can introduce bias.

When collecting a sample using nonprobability sampling techniques, elements within the population have a known probability of being selected into the sample.

Sampling methods in which the probability of selection of population elements is unknown are known as ______ sampling methods.

Drawing a cluster sample is a one-stage procedure.

The target population consists of a set of elements ______.

Availability samples are generalizable to a larger population.

Cross-population generalizability refers to the ability to generalize from a sample (subset) of a larger population to that population itself.

When data about individuals are used to make inferences about group-level processes, a problem occurs, known as the reductionist fallacy.

When data about individuals are used to make inferences about group-level processes, this problem creates a(n) ______ fallacy.

How does sampling error relate to sample generalizability?

When is cluster sampling useful? As part of your answer, describe multistage cluster sampling.

In ______ sampling, elements are selected because they are easy to find.

______ sampling is useful for hard-to-reach populations for which there is no sampling frame, but in which the members are somewhat interconnection (at least some members of the population know each other such as drug dealers, sex workers, and so on).