Question 1

What would happen if the neurotransmitter ghrelin is blocked?

Accepted Answer

A)  It will stimulate release of neuropeptide Y. 
B)  It will increase gastrointestinal motility. 
C)  It will increase secretion of gastric acid. 
D)  It will decrease appetite. 
E)  It will decrease energy expenditure. 
A)  It will stimulate release of neuropeptide Y. 
B)  It will increase gastrointestinal motility. 
C)  It will increase secretion of gastric acid. 
D)  It will decrease appetite. 
E)  It will decrease energy expenditure. D

Question 2

Food-induced thermogenesis is greatest after eating a meal rich in carbohydrates and lipids.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

Stressful situations such as low blood glucose, hot or cold temperatures, fear, or trauma ultimately cause the release of the hormone _____ from the adrenal gland, which in turn promotes gluconeogenesis, lipolysis, and protein catabolism.

Accepted Answer

cortisol

Question 4

Where does glycogenesis take place?

Accepted Answer

A)  liver lipocytes 
B)  hepatocytes 
C)  adipocytes 
D)  prokaryotic cells 
E)  kidney cortex cells 
A)  liver lipocytes 
B)  hepatocytes 
C)  adipocytes 
D)  prokaryotic cells 
E)  kidney cortex cells

Question 5

Which hormone increases appetite and decreases energy expenditure?

Accepted Answer

A)  glucagon 
B)  leptin 
C)  cholecystokinin 
D)  progesterone 
E)  estrogen 
A)  glucagon 
B)  leptin 
C)  cholecystokinin 
D)  progesterone 
E)  estrogen

Question 6

What is the consequence of accumulation of too many ketone bodies in the blood?

Accepted Answer

A)  decrease in the concentration of bicarbonate ions in the blood 
B)  increase in the pH of the blood 
C)  over-excitability due to activation of the central nervous system 
D)  inactivation of the peripheral chemoreceptors 
E)  decrease in the secretion of insulin 
A)  decrease in the concentration of bicarbonate ions in the blood 
B)  increase in the pH of the blood 
C)  over-excitability due to activation of the central nervous system 
D)  inactivation of the peripheral chemoreceptors 
E)  decrease in the secretion of insulin

Question 7

In the context of thermoregulation of a human body, what is a consequence of an increase in the core body temperature?

Accepted Answer

A)  constriction of blood vessels in the skin 
B)  radiation conduction from outer skin to the core of the body 
C)  stimulation of the sweat glands in the skin 
D)  increased release of thyroid hormone 
E)  contraction and stretching of muscle spindles causing shivering 
A)  constriction of blood vessels in the skin 
B)  radiation conduction from outer skin to the core of the body 
C)  stimulation of the sweat glands in the skin 
D)  increased release of thyroid hormone 
E)  contraction and stretching of muscle spindles causing shivering

Question 8

Conduction is the heat exchange that occurs

Accepted Answer

A)  between molecules of two materials that are in direct contact with each other 
B)  by the movement of air or water between areas of different temperatures 
C)  in the form of infrared rays between a warmer object and a cooler one without physical contact 
D)  occurs collectively among molecules within liquids or gases 
E)  between the body and the atmosphere by evaporation of water from the skin surface 
A)  between molecules of two materials that are in direct contact with each other 
B)  by the movement of air or water between areas of different temperatures 
C)  in the form of infrared rays between a warmer object and a cooler one without physical contact 
D)  occurs collectively among molecules within liquids or gases 
E)  between the body and the atmosphere by evaporation of water from the skin surface

Question 9

As more triglycerides are stored in the body, more leptin is secreted into the bloodstream.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

What is an effect of heatstroke?

Accepted Answer

A)  blood flow to the skin is increased 
B)  perspiration is greatly reduced 
C)  body temperature is decreased 
D)  body metabolic rate is reduced 
E)  rate of heat loss is increased 
A)  blood flow to the skin is increased 
B)  perspiration is greatly reduced 
C)  body temperature is decreased 
D)  body metabolic rate is reduced 
E)  rate of heat loss is increased

Question 11

What is a function of neuropeptide Y?

Accepted Answer

A)  increases the blood pressure 
B)  stores energy as glucose 
C)  increases body metabolism 
D)  acts as a vasodilator 
E)  stimulates food intake 
A)  increases the blood pressure 
B)  stores energy as glucose 
C)  increases body metabolism 
D)  acts as a vasodilator 
E)  stimulates food intake

Question 12

What is the process by which glucose is formed from lactic acid, glycerol, or an amino acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  glycogenolysis 
B)  glucose sparing 
C)  glycogenesis 
D)  gluconeogenesis 
E)  glycolysis 
A)  glycogenolysis 
B)  glucose sparing 
C)  glycogenesis 
D)  gluconeogenesis 
E)  glycolysis

Question 13

During the absorptive state of metabolism, glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide stimulates the pancreatic _____ _____ to release insulin.

Accepted Answer

The answer of During the absorptive state of metabolism, glucose-dependent...

Question 14

Identify a function of thyrotropin-releasing hormone.

Accepted Answer

A)  It stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone. 
B)  It stimulates the release of melanocyte-stimulating hormone. 
C)  It inhibits the release of neuropeptide Y. 
D)  It induces vasodilation of blood vessels. 
E)  It inhibits the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine. 
A)  It stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone. 
B)  It stimulates the release of melanocyte-stimulating hormone. 
C)  It inhibits the release of neuropeptide Y. 
D)  It induces vasodilation of blood vessels. 
E)  It inhibits the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine.

Question 15

What is the core temperature of the human body?

Accepted Answer

A)  42°C 
B)  95.2°C 
C)  98.6°C 
D)  34°C 
E)  37°C 
A)  42°C 
B)  95.2°C 
C)  98.6°C 
D)  34°C 
E)  37°C

Question 16

Which of the following contributes to termination of food intake?

Accepted Answer

A)  release of cortisol 
B)  distension of the gastrointestinal tract 
C)  release of ghrelin 
D)  decrease in blood glucose level 
E)  release of neuropeptide Y 
A)  release of cortisol 
B)  distension of the gastrointestinal tract 
C)  release of ghrelin 
D)  decrease in blood glucose level 
E)  release of neuropeptide Y

Question 17

The level of ketone bodies in the blood normally is very low because other tissues use them for ATP production as fast as they are generated from the breakdown of fatty acids in the liver.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

When phagocytes ingest certain bacteria, they are stimulated to secrete a fever-producing substance called _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When phagocytes ingest certain bacteria, they are...

Question 19

_____ temperature is the temperature near the body surface-in the skin and subcutaneous layer.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _____ temperature is the temperature near the...

Question 20

Shivering increases the rate of heat production in the body.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 22: Metabolic Adaptations, Energy Balance, and Temperature Regulation

What would happen if the neurotransmitter ghrelin is blocked?

Food-induced thermogenesis is greatest after eating a meal rich in carbohydrates and lipids.

Stressful situations such as low blood glucose, hot or cold temperatures, fear, or trauma ultimately cause the release of the hormone _____ from the adrenal gland, which in turn promotes gluconeogenesis, lipolysis, and protein catabolism.

Where does glycogenesis take place?

Which hormone increases appetite and decreases energy expenditure?

What is the consequence of accumulation of too many ketone bodies in the blood?

In the context of thermoregulation of a human body, what is a consequence of an increase in the core body temperature?

Conduction is the heat exchange that occurs

As more triglycerides are stored in the body, more leptin is secreted into the bloodstream.

What is an effect of heatstroke?

What is a function of neuropeptide Y?

What is the process by which glucose is formed from lactic acid, glycerol, or an amino acid?

During the absorptive state of metabolism, glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide stimulates the pancreatic _____ _____ to release insulin.

Identify a function of thyrotropin-releasing hormone.

What is the core temperature of the human body?

Which of the following contributes to termination of food intake?

The level of ketone bodies in the blood normally is very low because other tissues use them for ATP production as fast as they are generated from the breakdown of fatty acids in the liver.

When phagocytes ingest certain bacteria, they are stimulated to secrete a fever-producing substance called _____.

_____ temperature is the temperature near the body surface-in the skin and subcutaneous layer.

Shivering increases the rate of heat production in the body.

An Introduction to Physiology

Chemical Composition of the Body

Cells

Metabolism

Transport Across the Plasma Membrane

Cell Signaling

The Nervous System and Neuronal Excitability

The Central Nervous System

Sensory Systems

Autonomic and Somatic Nervous Systems

Muscle

Control of Body Movement

The Endocrine System

The Cardiovascular System: the Heart

The Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Hemodynamics

The Cardiovascular System: the Blood

The Immune System

The Respiratory System

The Urinary System

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acidbase Homeostasis

The Digestive System

The Reproductive Systems

Filters

During the absorptive state of metabolism, glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide stimulates the pancreatic _ _ to release insulin.