Exam 18: A Roadmap for Analyzing Data

A sample of 100 fuses from a very large shipment is found to have 10 that are defective.Based on this information,which of the following will you construct to learn about the proportion of fuses that are defective?

Four surgical procedures currently are used to install pacemakers.If the patient does not need to return for follow-up surgery,the operation is called a "clear" operation.A heart center wants to compare the 4 procedures and collects the following numbers of patients from their own records: Procedure Which of the following tests will be the most appropriate to find out whether the 4 procedures are equally effective?

An economist is interested to see how consumption for an economy (in $ billions)is influenced by gross domestic product ($ billions)and aggregate price (consumer price index).Annual data from 30 years were collected.Which of the following would be the most appropriate analysis to perform?

A physician and president of a Tampa Health Maintenance Organization (HMO)are attempting to show the benefits of managed health care to an insurance company.The physician believes that certain types of doctors are more cost-effective than others.To investigate this,the president obtained independent random samples of 20 HMO physicians from each of 4 primary specialtiesGeneral Practice (GP),Internal Medicine (IM),Pediatrics (PED),and Family Physicians (FP)and recorded the total charges per member per month for each.A second variable which the president believes influences total charges per member per month is whether the doctor is a foreign or US medical school graduate.To investigate this,the president also collected data on 20 foreign medical school graduates in each of the 4 primary specialty types described above.So information on charges for 40 doctors (20 foreign and 20 US medical school graduates)was obtained for each of the 4 specialties.The president has already found out that specialty types and origin of the medical degree do not interact to affect the charges.He has also found out special types do have an impact on average charges.Which of the following tests will be the most appropriate to find out which primary specialty has the highest charges?

The use of preservatives by food processors has become a controversial issue.Suppose 2 preservatives are extensively tested and determined safe for use in meats.A processor wants to compare the preservatives for their effects on retarding spoilage.They will choose to use the preservative that can keep the meat fresh for the longest amount of time.Suppose 15 cuts of fresh meat are treated with preservative I and 15 are treated with preservative II,and the number of hours until spoilage begins is recorded for each of the 30 cuts of meat.Suppose the variability of the number of hours until spoilage is the same for meat treated by both preservatives but the normal probability plots reveal that the number of hours until spoilage is right-skewed for the 15 cuts treated by preservative I and left-skewed for the 15 cuts treated with preservative II.Which of the following tests will be the most appropriate?

A sample of 200 students at a Big-Ten university was taken after the midterm to ask whether they went bar hopping the weekend before the midterm or spent the weekend studying,and whether they did well or poorly on the midterm.You can use a contingency table to present this information.

A few years ago,Pepsi invited consumers to take the "Pepsi Challenge." Consumers were asked to decide which of two sodas,Coke or Pepsi,they preferred in a blind taste test.Pepsi was interesting in determining what factors played a role in people's taste preferences.One of the factors studied was the gender of the consumer.Data on the percentage of men and women depicting preference for Pepsi were collected.Which of the following tests will you use to find out if there is any difference in preference between the different gender groups?

An agronomist wants to compare the crop yield of 3 varieties of chickpea seeds.She plants all 3 varieties of the seeds on each of 5 different patches of fields.She then measures the crop yield in bushels per acre.Which of the following tests will be the most appropriate to find out if the different patches is advantageous in reducing the random error?

To test the effectiveness of a business school preparation course,8 students took a general business test before and after the course.Suppose the before and after exam scores are both normally distributed.Which of the following tests will be the most appropriate?

A contractor wants to forecast the number of contracts in future quarters,using quarterly data on number of contracts during the 10-year period from 2001 to 2010.Which of the following would be the most appropriate analysis to perform?

The director of admissions at a state college is interested in seeing if admissions status (admitted,waiting list,denied admission)at his college is related to the type of community (urban,rural,suburban)in which an applicant resides.Which of the following tests will be the most appropriate?

Are Japanese managers more motivated than American managers? A randomly selected group of 100 managers from each group were administered the Sarnoff Survey of Attitudes Toward Life (SSATL),which measures motivation for upward mobility.The mean and standard deviation of the SSATL scores were computed.The standard deviations of the SSATL scores suggest that the standard deviation from the two groups is very different.Which of the following tests will be the most appropriate?

Data on the amount of money made in a year by 1,000 families in a small town were collected.You want to know the difference in the amount of money made in that year by the middle 50% of the 1,000 families.Which of the following would you compute?

An entrepreneur is considering the purchase of a coin-operated laundry.The current owner claims that over the past 5 years,the mean daily revenue was $675 with a standard deviation of $75.A sample of 30 days reveals a daily mean revenue of $625 and a standard deviation of $70.Which of the following tests will be the most appropriate?

A certain type of rare gem serves as a status symbol for many of its owners.In theory,for low prices,the demand increases and it decreases as the price of the gem increases.However,experts hypothesize that when the gem is valued at very high prices,the demand increases with price due to the status owners believe they gain in obtaining the gem.Data on price and quantity sold were collected for a sample of 35 rare gems of this type.Which of the following would be the most appropriate analysis to perform?

A professor of economics at a small Texas university wanted to determine what year in school students were taking his tough economics course.Data were collected on the class status ("freshman," "sophomore," "junior" or "senior")of 50 students enrolled in one of his economics course.A side-by-side bar chart can be used to present this information.

Four surgical procedures currently are used to install pacemakers.If the patient does not need to return for follow-up surgery,the operation is called a "clear" operation.A heart center wants to compare the 4 procedures and collects the following numbers of patients from their own records: Procedure Which of the following tests will be the most appropriate to find out which of the 4 procedures is the most effective?

An investor wanted to forecast the price of a certain stock.He collected the mean daily price for the stock over the past 10 years.Which of the following would be the most appropriate analysis to perform?

Every spring semester,the School of Business coordinates with local business leaders a luncheon for graduating seniors,their families,and friends.Corporate sponsorship pays for the lunches of each of the seniors,but students have to purchase tickets to cover the cost of lunches served to guests they bring with them.Data on the number of guests each graduating senior invited to the luncheon and the number of graduating seniors in each category were collected.You want to know the most popular number of guests brought by the graduating seniors.Which of the following will you compute?

A major Blu-ray rental chain is considering opening a new store in an area that currently does not have any such stores.The chain will open if there is evidence that more than 5,000 of the 20,000 households in the area are equipped with Blu-ray players.It conducts a telephone poll of 300 randomly selected households in the area and finds that 96 have Blu-ray players.Which of the following tests will be the most appropriate?