Exam 1: Understanding Human Development: Approaches and Theories

What is the term for the proposed explanation for a phenomenon that can be tested by research?

An experiment must include both a dependent and an independent variable.

Sequential research designs combine the best features of which two types of research?

In contrast to Freud's theory, what did Erikson focus on in shaping development?

What type of research design do investigators use for studying the same group of participants at many points in time?

List the nine life stages of human development.

Sometimes the presence of an observer can cause people to behave in unnatural or atypical ways for them. This is known as ______.

At the beginning of her first human development course in college, Vi wondered, "Am I the person I am today because of heredity, or did I become who I am because of my environment?" Vi's question reflects which issue in lifespan development?

The brain loses its ability to adapt to sensory experiences during the aging process.

Whose theory was the first to consider how infants and children think, as well as their active contributions to their own development?

Following a stroke that affected his balance and muscle strength, Jose participated in 3 months of physical therapy. Today, Jose feels as strong as he did before the stroke and walks at least ten miles a week for exercise. Jose's ability to overcome his physical limitations after his stroke is an example of ______.

Professor Norris is interested in how children from different cultures acquire the cognitive skills necessary to be productive members of society. His research focuses on how adults and peers communicate culturally relevant knowledge, as well as the emphasis different cultures place on play and work. Professor Norris's research is consistent with which theory?

Failure to successfully resolve the conflict in one of Freud's psychosexual stages means the individual may ______.

How many stages of psychosocial development did Erikson propose?

The approach that views behavior as more or less probable depending on its consequences is ______.

What is the term for the procedure in which every participant has an equal chance of being placed in either the experimental or control group?

Which ethical principle means that the benefits and risks of participation in research must be spread equally across individuals and groups?

Confidentiality means that study participants have the right to ______.

Which viewpoint states individuals are molded by the physical and social environment in which they are raised?

Age-graded influences are mostly unpredictable.