Exam 2: Defining and Measuring Energy

ATP is known as the common energy currency because it is the source of energy that is common to all cells in the body.

The response of ATP concentration in the muscle to exercise reveals a relatively large proportion of the ATP stored in the muscle is not able to be used for force production, even during very high-intensity exercise.

The minimal energy expenditure compatible with life is ____.

When thyroid hormones are elevated above normal concentrations, RMR is abnormally low.

List and explain the factors that affect resting metabolic rate. Also, which factors are the most substantial and least substantial influences?

Studies have shown that people with more fat-free mass (measured in kg) have higher resting metabolic rates than those with less fat-free mass.

The two most common factors that influence enzymatic activity are ____.

Select the key term that is most associated with the description below. Each term is used only once. a. Commonly used in exercise physiology laboratories to determine the oxygen consumption and energy expenditure response to exercise, in some cases to determine maximal oxygen consumption b. Ability to measure accurately what was intended to be measured c. Used to directly measure the thermal energy of food d. Can measure both direct and indirect calorimetry e. Ability to reproduce a measurement and/or the consistency of repeated measurements f. Level of energy expenditure equal to that measured at rest g. Energy of motion h. Used in free-living situations to measure energy expenditure over weeks i. A protein-containing compound that catalyzes biochemical reactions j. Stored energy -Doubly Labeled Water

Select the key term that is most associated with the description below. Each term is used only once. a. Commonly used in exercise physiology laboratories to determine the oxygen consumption and energy expenditure response to exercise, in some cases to determine maximal oxygen consumption b. Ability to measure accurately what was intended to be measured c. Used to directly measure the thermal energy of food d. Can measure both direct and indirect calorimetry e. Ability to reproduce a measurement and/or the consistency of repeated measurements f. Level of energy expenditure equal to that measured at rest g. Energy of motion h. Used in free-living situations to measure energy expenditure over weeks i. A protein-containing compound that catalyzes biochemical reactions j. Stored energy -Room-size calorimeter

Those who are ____ active need over 50 kcal/kg/d.

Select the key term that is most associated with the description below. Each term is used only once. a. Commonly used in exercise physiology laboratories to determine the oxygen consumption and energy expenditure response to exercise, in some cases to determine maximal oxygen consumption b. Ability to measure accurately what was intended to be measured c. Used to directly measure the thermal energy of food d. Can measure both direct and indirect calorimetry e. Ability to reproduce a measurement and/or the consistency of repeated measurements f. Level of energy expenditure equal to that measured at rest g. Energy of motion h. Used in free-living situations to measure energy expenditure over weeks i. A protein-containing compound that catalyzes biochemical reactions j. Stored energy -MET

Select the key term that is most associated with the description below. Each term is used only once. a. Commonly used in exercise physiology laboratories to determine the oxygen consumption and energy expenditure response to exercise, in some cases to determine maximal oxygen consumption b. Ability to measure accurately what was intended to be measured c. Used to directly measure the thermal energy of food d. Can measure both direct and indirect calorimetry e. Ability to reproduce a measurement and/or the consistency of repeated measurements f. Level of energy expenditure equal to that measured at rest g. Energy of motion h. Used in free-living situations to measure energy expenditure over weeks i. A protein-containing compound that catalyzes biochemical reactions j. Stored energy -Reliability

The greatest source of error when using a food diary is the accurate recording of both the types and amounts of foods and beverages consumed.

ATP is critical for muscle contraction, but it is not involved in skeletal muscle relaxation.

ATP is composed of adenosine with two phosphate groups attached.

In the energy balance equation, the only component of "energy in" is ____.

Direct calorimetry works based on the principle that ____.

Select the key term that is most associated with the description below. Each term is used only once. a. Commonly used in exercise physiology laboratories to determine the oxygen consumption and energy expenditure response to exercise, in some cases to determine maximal oxygen consumption b. Ability to measure accurately what was intended to be measured c. Used to directly measure the thermal energy of food d. Can measure both direct and indirect calorimetry e. Ability to reproduce a measurement and/or the consistency of repeated measurements f. Level of energy expenditure equal to that measured at rest g. Energy of motion h. Used in free-living situations to measure energy expenditure over weeks i. A protein-containing compound that catalyzes biochemical reactions j. Stored energy -Potential energy

The energy content of ____ is estimated to be the same kcal/g.

Which factor increases resting metabolic rate by an estimated 15-25 percent?