Question 1

Examples of cognitive abilities include all of the following EXCEPT ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  attention 
B)  speaking 
C)  openness to new experience 
D)  problem solving 
A)  attention 
B)  speaking 
C)  openness to new experience 
D)  problem solving

Question 2

Which of the following is an example of environment shaping biology to affect cognitive ability?

Accepted Answer

A)  effect size 
B)  group average 
C)  p-value 
D)  confidence interval 
A)  effect size 
B)  group average 
C)  p-value 
D)  confidence interval

Question 3

Reilly (2012) found the size of sex difference in reading ability correlates with ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  age 
B)  national indices of gender equality 
C)  indicators of women's health 
D)  the size of sex differences in math abilities 
A)  age 
B)  national indices of gender equality 
C)  indicators of women's health 
D)  the size of sex differences in math abilities

Question 4

Children of parents with math anxiety are more likely to exhibit math anxiety themselves, but only if their parents frequently help them with their homework.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Of all cognitive domains, ______ performance shows the greatest variability in sex differences from culture to culture.

Accepted Answer

A)  verbal 
B)  math 
C)  spatial 
D)  memory 
A)  verbal 
B)  math 
C)  spatial 
D)  memory

Question 6

What evidence has Jacquelynne Eccles found over here career for differences in achievement motivation producing differences in math performance?

Accepted Answer

A)  Boys are generally more motivated to have greater academic achievements. 
B)  Girls are more likely to increase effort in response to academic failures. 
C)  Boys are more likely to increase effort in response to academic failures. 
D)  She finds no evidence that girls or boys are more likely to give up following academic failures. 
A)  Boys are generally more motivated to have greater academic achievements. 
B)  Girls are more likely to increase effort in response to academic failures. 
C)  Boys are more likely to increase effort in response to academic failures. 
D)  She finds no evidence that girls or boys are more likely to give up following academic failures.

Question 7

One study cited in this chapter found that interest in STEM careers correlated negatively with ______ goals.

Accepted Answer

A)  extrinsically motivated 
B)  intrinsically motivated 
C)  agentic 
D)  communal 
A)  extrinsically motivated 
B)  intrinsically motivated 
C)  agentic 
D)  communal

Question 8

Anthony Jorm and colleagues (2004) discovered what variables help explain sex differences in cognitive tests?

Accepted Answer

A)  men's better health on dimensions such as pulmonary functioning and exercise frequency 
B)  men's better access to higher education 
C)  lower levels of self-esteem in women during adulthood 
D)  the anxiety inducing effects of stereotype threat during test taking 
A)  men's better health on dimensions such as pulmonary functioning and exercise frequency 
B)  men's better access to higher education 
C)  lower levels of self-esteem in women during adulthood 
D)  the anxiety inducing effects of stereotype threat during test taking

Question 9

Which of the following spatial abilities does not show the typical male advantage?

Accepted Answer

A)  mental rotation 
B)  spatial perception 
C)  spatial memory 
D)  visualization 
A)  mental rotation 
B)  spatial perception 
C)  spatial memory 
D)  visualization

Question 10

What best summarizes the evidence on sex differences in math ability?

Accepted Answer

A)  Across different types of math ability, the effect size of sex differences is consistently zero. 
B)  Moderate sex differences favoring males emerge in both older and more recent meta-analyses. 
C)  When meta-analyses control for gender equality, consistent sex differences favoring women emerge. 
D)  Small differences favoring boys sometimes emerge in complex math problems, but these gaps virtually disappear with greater gender equality. 
A)  Across different types of math ability, the effect size of sex differences is consistently zero. 
B)  Moderate sex differences favoring males emerge in both older and more recent meta-analyses. 
C)  When meta-analyses control for gender equality, consistent sex differences favoring women emerge. 
D)  Small differences favoring boys sometimes emerge in complex math problems, but these gaps virtually disappear with greater gender equality.

Question 11

What is the typical sex difference in visual-spatial skills? Describe one piece of evidence supporting a nurture explanation of this difference and one piece of evidence supporting a nature explanation.

Accepted Answer

Males typically perform better on visual

Question 12

Being able to identify whether or not a surface is truly level is an example of ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  mental rotation 
B)  spatial perception 
C)  spatial visualization 
D)  spatial location memory 
A)  mental rotation 
B)  spatial perception 
C)  spatial visualization 
D)  spatial location memory

Question 13

What best summarizes the evidence on sex differences in verbal ability?

Accepted Answer

A)  Verbal skills consistently favor females across all meta-analyses. 
B)  Sex differences are small, tend to favor girls, and depend upon type of verbal ability. 
C)  Sex differences vary greatly, with some areas favoring males and others favoring females by large margins. 
D)  More recent meta-analyses have found close-to-zero effect sizes across all types of verbal abilities. 
A)  Verbal skills consistently favor females across all meta-analyses. 
B)  Sex differences are small, tend to favor girls, and depend upon type of verbal ability. 
C)  Sex differences vary greatly, with some areas favoring males and others favoring females by large margins. 
D)  More recent meta-analyses have found close-to-zero effect sizes across all types of verbal abilities.

Question 14

Psychologists at the end of the 19th century attempted to make a scientific case for women's intellectual inferiority based upon what questionable assumption?

Accepted Answer

A)  The mass and volume of the brain reflects differences in intelligence. 
B)  Testosterone is linked to neural development. 
C)  Emotions interfere with abstract reasoning and logical deduction. 
D)  That there is more variance in men's intelligence, leading to higher proportions of men in the tale ends of the distribution. 
A)  The mass and volume of the brain reflects differences in intelligence. 
B)  Testosterone is linked to neural development. 
C)  Emotions interfere with abstract reasoning and logical deduction. 
D)  That there is more variance in men's intelligence, leading to higher proportions of men in the tale ends of the distribution.

Question 15

Based on the proposed mechanisms of stereotype threat, which of the following women is less likely to experience effects of stereotype threat upon math performance?

Accepted Answer

A)  women in countries with relatively less gender equality 
B)  women who have a high working memory capacity 
C)  women who also have high spatial abilities 
D)  women with larger temporal parietal lobes 
A)  women in countries with relatively less gender equality 
B)  women who have a high working memory capacity 
C)  women who also have high spatial abilities 
D)  women with larger temporal parietal lobes

Question 16

Jorm and colleagues (2004) found that controlling for men's better health and what effects on sex differences?

Accepted Answer

Controlling for men's better health dimi

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT true of sex differences in mental rotation?

Accepted Answer

A)  They appear in infancy. 
B)  They are consistent across culture. 
C)  They are sensitive to experimental manipulations such as activating feelings of power in women. 
D)  Effect sizes are smaller in countries with greater gender equality. 
A)  They appear in infancy. 
B)  They are consistent across culture. 
C)  They are sensitive to experimental manipulations such as activating feelings of power in women. 
D)  Effect sizes are smaller in countries with greater gender equality.

Question 18

Evidence of gender discrimination consistently points to clear biases favoring men in hiring and promotion across STEM fields.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Research shows that girls are more likely to give up after academic failures than boys.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Explaining the underrepresentation of women in STEM with sex differences in preferences, expectations, and competitiveness represents an appeal to ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  nature 
B)  nurture 
C)  legitimizing ideologies 
D)  a mix of nature and nurture 
A)  nature 
B)  nurture 
C)  legitimizing ideologies 
D)  a mix of nature and nurture

Examples of cognitive abilities include all of the following EXCEPT ______.

Which of the following is an example of environment shaping biology to affect cognitive ability?

Reilly (2012) found the size of sex difference in reading ability correlates with ______.

Children of parents with math anxiety are more likely to exhibit math anxiety themselves, but only if their parents frequently help them with their homework.

Of all cognitive domains, ______ performance shows the greatest variability in sex differences from culture to culture.

What evidence has Jacquelynne Eccles found over here career for differences in achievement motivation producing differences in math performance?

One study cited in this chapter found that interest in STEM careers correlated negatively with ______ goals.

Anthony Jorm and colleagues (2004) discovered what variables help explain sex differences in cognitive tests?

Which of the following spatial abilities does not show the typical male advantage?

What best summarizes the evidence on sex differences in math ability?

What is the typical sex difference in visual-spatial skills? Describe one piece of evidence supporting a nurture explanation of this difference and one piece of evidence supporting a nature explanation.

Being able to identify whether or not a surface is truly level is an example of ______.

What best summarizes the evidence on sex differences in verbal ability?

Psychologists at the end of the 19th century attempted to make a scientific case for women's intellectual inferiority based upon what questionable assumption?

Based on the proposed mechanisms of stereotype threat, which of the following women is less likely to experience effects of stereotype threat upon math performance?

Jorm and colleagues (2004) found that controlling for men's better health and what effects on sex differences?

Which of the following is NOT true of sex differences in mental rotation?

Evidence of gender discrimination consistently points to clear biases favoring men in hiring and promotion across STEM fields.

Research shows that girls are more likely to give up after academic failures than boys.

Explaining the underrepresentation of women in STEM with sex differences in preferences, expectations, and competitiveness represents an appeal to ______.

Introducing Sex and Gender

Studying Sex and Gender

The Nature and Nurture of Sex and Gender

Gender Development

The Contents and Origins of Gender Stereotypes

Power, Sexism, and Discrimination

Language, Communication, and Emotion

Sexual Orientation and Sexuality

Interpersonal Relationships

Work and Home

Gender and Physical Health

Gender and Psychological Health

Aggression and Violence

Filters

Exam 7: Cognitive Abilities and Aptitudes

Examples of cognitive abilities include all of the following EXCEPT ______.

Which of the following is an example of environment shaping biology to affect cognitive ability?

Reilly (2012) found the size of sex difference in reading ability correlates with ______.

Children of parents with math anxiety are more likely to exhibit math anxiety themselves, but only if their parents frequently help them with their homework.

Of all cognitive domains, ______ performance shows the greatest variability in sex differences from culture to culture.

What evidence has Jacquelynne Eccles found over here career for differences in achievement motivation producing differences in math performance?

One study cited in this chapter found that interest in STEM careers correlated negatively with ______ goals.

Anthony Jorm and colleagues (2004) discovered what variables help explain sex differences in cognitive tests?

Which of the following spatial abilities does not show the typical male advantage?

What best summarizes the evidence on sex differences in math ability?

What is the typical sex difference in visual-spatial skills? Describe one piece of evidence supporting a nurture explanation of this difference and one piece of evidence supporting a nature explanation.

Being able to identify whether or not a surface is truly level is an example of ______.

What best summarizes the evidence on sex differences in verbal ability?

Psychologists at the end of the 19th century attempted to make a scientific case for women's intellectual inferiority based upon what questionable assumption?

Based on the proposed mechanisms of stereotype threat, which of the following women is less likely to experience effects of stereotype threat upon math performance?

Jorm and colleagues (2004) found that controlling for men's better health and what effects on sex differences?

Which of the following is NOT true of sex differences in mental rotation?

Evidence of gender discrimination consistently points to clear biases favoring men in hiring and promotion across STEM fields.

Research shows that girls are more likely to give up after academic failures than boys.

Explaining the underrepresentation of women in STEM with sex differences in preferences, expectations, and competitiveness represents an appeal to ______.

Introducing Sex and Gender

Studying Sex and Gender

The Nature and Nurture of Sex and Gender

Gender Development

The Contents and Origins of Gender Stereotypes

Power, Sexism, and Discrimination

Language, Communication, and Emotion

Sexual Orientation and Sexuality

Interpersonal Relationships

Work and Home

Gender and Physical Health

Gender and Psychological Health

Aggression and Violence

Filters