Question 1

The neurotransmitter released from the axon terminal .

Accepted Answer

A)  may excite or inhibit the next cell depending on which receptors for the neurotransmitter are present 
B)  varies in its effect, depending on the shape of the action potential 
C)  inhibits the next cell 
D)  excites the next cell 
A)  may excite or inhibit the next cell depending on which receptors for the neurotransmitter are present 
B)  varies in its effect, depending on the shape of the action potential 
C)  inhibits the next cell 
D)  excites the next cell A

Question 2

In the experiment on stimulation of the isolated sciatic nerve, the compound action potential increases in amplitude with an increase in stimulation voltage. This is due to _.

Accepted Answer

A)  recruitment of large diameter axons followed by small diameter axons in the nerve 
B)  increase in the size of action potentials produced be each individual axon in the nerve 
C)  simultaneous recruitment of small and large diameter axons in the nerve 
D)  recruitment of small diameter axons followed by large diameter axons in the nerve 
A)  recruitment of large diameter axons followed by small diameter axons in the nerve 
B)  increase in the size of action potentials produced be each individual axon in the nerve 
C)  simultaneous recruitment of small and large diameter axons in the nerve 
D)  recruitment of small diameter axons followed by large diameter axons in the nerve A

Question 3

Curare causes paralysis .

Accepted Answer

A)  by blocking the action potential in the nerve that serves a muscle 
B)  by blocking receptors on the postsynaptic cell 
C)  by blocking the release of neurotransmitter from the presynaptic cell 
D)  by blocking the action potential directly in the postsynaptic cell 
A)  by blocking the action potential in the nerve that serves a muscle 
B)  by blocking receptors on the postsynaptic cell 
C)  by blocking the release of neurotransmitter from the presynaptic cell 
D)  by blocking the action potential directly in the postsynaptic cell B

Question 4

The ionic concentrations in the interior and exterior of body cells .

Accepted Answer

A)  reveal an excess of Na+ ions in the extracellular fluid 
B)  reveal an excess of Na+ ions in the intracellular fluid 
C)  reveal an excess of K+ ions in the extracellular fluid 
D)  are the same 
A)  reveal an excess of Na+ ions in the extracellular fluid 
B)  reveal an excess of Na+ ions in the intracellular fluid 
C)  reveal an excess of K+ ions in the extracellular fluid 
D)  are the same

Question 5

An action potential results from _.

Accepted Answer

A)  a change in the permeability of the neuron to K+ followed by a change in the permeability to Na+ 
B)  a change in the permeability of the neuron to Na+ followed by a change in the permeability to K+ 
C)  changes in the permeability of the neuron membrane to K+ alone 
D)  changes in the permeability of the neuron membrane to Na+ alone 
A)  a change in the permeability of the neuron to K+ followed by a change in the permeability to Na+ 
B)  a change in the permeability of the neuron to Na+ followed by a change in the permeability to K+ 
C)  changes in the permeability of the neuron membrane to K+ alone 
D)  changes in the permeability of the neuron membrane to Na+ alone

Question 6

When a neuron is at rest, there is a charge separation (voltage) across the plasma membrane called .

Accepted Answer

A)  repolarization 
B)  the battery 
C)  the resting membrane potential 
D)  depolarization 
A)  repolarization 
B)  the battery 
C)  the resting membrane potential 
D)  depolarization

Question 7

If a stimulus to a neuron is great enough, _ is reached and an action potential is generated.

Accepted Answer

A)  threshold 
B)  repolarization 
C)  depolarization 
D)  resting membrane potential 
A)  threshold 
B)  repolarization 
C)  depolarization 
D)  resting membrane potential

Question 8

Which nerve innervates the gastrocnemius muscle of the frog?

Accepted Answer

A)  fibular 
B)  plantar 
C)  sciatic (tibial branch) 
D)  femoral 
A)  fibular 
B)  plantar 
C)  sciatic (tibial branch) 
D)  femoral

Question 9

A compound action potential .

Accepted Answer

A)  may be recorded from a nerve 
B)  is the sum of action potentials in many axons, is graded, and may be recorded from a nerve 
C)  is the sum of action potentials in many axons 
D)  is graded 
A)  may be recorded from a nerve 
B)  is the sum of action potentials in many axons, is graded, and may be recorded from a nerve 
C)  is the sum of action potentials in many axons 
D)  is graded

Question 10

Resting membrane potential is maintained by the sodium-potassium pump, which transports

Accepted Answer

A)  both Na+ and K+ out of the cell 
B)  Na+ into the cell and K+ out of the cell 
C)  Na+ out of the cell and K+ into the cell 
D)  both Na+ and K+ into the cell 
A)  both Na+ and K+ out of the cell 
B)  Na+ into the cell and K+ out of the cell 
C)  Na+ out of the cell and K+ into the cell 
D)  both Na+ and K+ into the cell

Question 11

When the sciatic nerve was chilled with iced Ringer's solution, _.

Accepted Answer

A)  it became inexcitable or required a stimulus much greater than normal to produce a compound action potential 
B)  the compound action potential was unchanged 
C)  it became very excitable, generating large compound action potentials to small stimuli 
A)  it became inexcitable or required a stimulus much greater than normal to produce a compound action potential 
B)  the compound action potential was unchanged 
C)  it became very excitable, generating large compound action potentials to small stimuli

Question 12

During depolarization, the membrane potential is .

Accepted Answer

A)  wavering up (positive) and down (negative) 
B)  becoming more positive 
C)  becoming more negative 
D)  unchanged 
A)  wavering up (positive) and down (negative) 
B)  becoming more positive 
C)  becoming more negative 
D)  unchanged

Question 13

The effects of electrical stimulation to the sciatic nerve _.

Accepted Answer

A)  may be observed by watching the contraction of the gastrocnemius muscle 
B)  may be observed by watching the nerve under a dissecting microscope 
C)  may be observed by simply looking at the nerve 
D)  may only be seen by recording the signal on an oscilloscope 
A)  may be observed by watching the contraction of the gastrocnemius muscle 
B)  may be observed by watching the nerve under a dissecting microscope 
C)  may be observed by simply looking at the nerve 
D)  may only be seen by recording the signal on an oscilloscope

Question 14

A neuron _.

Accepted Answer

A)  is absolutely refractory to stimulation during the time Na+ permeability is changing, and immediately following this change 
B)  will generate an action potential every time it is stimulated 
C)  can generate another action potential during the time Na+ permeability is changing and immediately following this change, but only if stimulus strength is increased 
A)  is absolutely refractory to stimulation during the time Na+ permeability is changing, and immediately following this change 
B)  will generate an action potential every time it is stimulated 
C)  can generate another action potential during the time Na+ permeability is changing and immediately following this change, but only if stimulus strength is increased

Question 15

Net movement of this ion is primarily associated with repolarization.

Accepted Answer

A)  Na+ 
B)  Mg2+ 
C)  Ca2+ 
D)  K+ 
A)  Na+ 
B)  Mg2+ 
C)  Ca2+ 
D)  K+

Question 16

The expression "all-or-none" means that .

Accepted Answer

A)  the action potential in a neuron may be larger or smaller depending on the amount of stimulation (it is graded) 
B)  the compound action potential in a nerve is graded 
C)  the compound action potential in a nerve always has the same shape and size (amplitude) 
D)  the action potential in a neuron always has the same shape and size (amplitude) 
A)  the action potential in a neuron may be larger or smaller depending on the amount of stimulation (it is graded) 
B)  the compound action potential in a nerve is graded 
C)  the compound action potential in a nerve always has the same shape and size (amplitude) 
D)  the action potential in a neuron always has the same shape and size (amplitude)

Question 17

Neurons and other excitable cells respond to stimuli by producing .

Accepted Answer

A)  electrical signals 
B)  pressure gradients 
C)  and secreting chemical messengers 
A)  electrical signals 
B)  pressure gradients 
C)  and secreting chemical messengers

Question 18

An action potential is .

Accepted Answer

A)  a depolarization of the cell membrane 
B)  a refractory period of the cell membrane 
C)  a repolarization of the cell membrane 
D)  a rapid depolarization and repolarization of the cell membrane that is propagated 
A)  a depolarization of the cell membrane 
B)  a refractory period of the cell membrane 
C)  a repolarization of the cell membrane 
D)  a rapid depolarization and repolarization of the cell membrane that is propagated

Question 19

During the time period immediately following an action potential, a neuron can produce another action potential only _.

Accepted Answer

A)  if the neuron is stimulated again normally 
B)  if the neuron receives an especially strong stimulus 
C)  when the neuron is impermeable to K+ 
D)  when the neuron remains very permeable to Na+ 
A)  if the neuron is stimulated again normally 
B)  if the neuron receives an especially strong stimulus 
C)  when the neuron is impermeable to K+ 
D)  when the neuron remains very permeable to Na+

Question 20

Where does ether exert its effects on nerve activity?

Accepted Answer

A)  at the axon terminals of anesthetized fibers 
B)  everywhere along a nerve, when a segment of the nerve is anesthetized 
C)  in the anesthetized segment of a nerve, and distal to the anesthetized segment 
D)  only where it is in contact with the nerve 
A)  at the axon terminals of anesthetized fibers 
B)  everywhere along a nerve, when a segment of the nerve is anesthetized 
C)  in the anesthetized segment of a nerve, and distal to the anesthetized segment 
D)  only where it is in contact with the nerve

Exam 16: Neurophysiology of Nerve Impulses: Frog Subjects

The neurotransmitter released from the axon terminal .

In the experiment on stimulation of the isolated sciatic nerve, the compound action potential increases in amplitude with an increase in stimulation voltage. This is due to _.

Curare causes paralysis .

The ionic concentrations in the interior and exterior of body cells .

An action potential results from _.

When a neuron is at rest, there is a charge separation (voltage) across the plasma membrane called .

If a stimulus to a neuron is great enough, _ is reached and an action potential is generated.

Which nerve innervates the gastrocnemius muscle of the frog?

A compound action potential .

Resting membrane potential is maintained by the sodium-potassium pump, which transports

When the sciatic nerve was chilled with iced Ringer's solution, _.

During depolarization, the membrane potential is .

The effects of electrical stimulation to the sciatic nerve _.

A neuron _.

Net movement of this ion is primarily associated with repolarization.

The expression "all-or-none" means that .

Neurons and other excitable cells respond to stimuli by producing .

An action potential is .

During the time period immediately following an action potential, a neuron can produce another action potential only _.

Where does ether exert its effects on nerve activity?

The Language of Anatomy

Organ Systems Overview

The Microscope

The Cell: Anatomy and Division

The Cell: Transport Mechanisms and Cell Permeability

Classification of Tissues

The Integumentary System

Overview of the Skeleton: Classification and Structure of Bones and Cartilages

The Axial Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton

Articulations and Body Movements

Microscopic Anatomy and Organization of Skeletal Muscle

Gross Anatomy of Muscular System

Skeletal Muscle Physiology: Frogs and Human Subjects

Histology of Nervous Tissue

Gross Anatomy of the Brain and Cranial Nerves

Electroencephalography

The Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves

The Autonomic Nervous System

Human Reflex Physiology

General Sensation

Special Senses: Anatomy of the Visual System

Special Senses: Visual Tests and Experiments

Special Senses: Hearing and Equilibrium

Special Senses: Olfaction and Taste

Functional Anatomy of the Endocrine Glands

Endocrine Wet Labs and Human Metabolism

Blood

Anatomy of the Heart

Conduction System of the Heart and Electrocardiography

Anatomy of Blood Vessels

Human Cardiovascular Physiology: Blood Pressure and Pulse Determinations

Frog Cardiovascular Physiology

The Lymphatic System and Immune Response

Anatomy of the Respiratory System

Respiratory System Physiology

Anatomy of the Digestive System

Digestive System Processes: Chemical and Physical

Anatomy of the Urinary System

Urinalysis

Anatomy of the Reproductive System

Physiology of Reproduction: Gametogenesis and the Female Cycles

Survey of Embryonic Development

Principles of Heredity

Surface Anatomy Roundup

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