Exam 25: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The nurse is aware that an infant is more at risk for dehydration because the infant:

The nurse explains that water as a constituent of the body has the functions of: (Select all that apply.)

A 10-month old infant has had watery green stool for 2 days and refuses the bottle. The nurse is aware that the primary concern for this baby is:

A patient with heart failure has gained 1.1 pounds over the last 24 hours. The nurse is aware that this weight gain represents a fluid retention of:

A patient has been identified as having a dietary deficiency of vitamin D. The nurse understands that this patient is also at risk for having a deficiency of:

A patient with a history of severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is most likely to have:

The nurse clarifies that when electrolytes are in solution, they break up and become ___________.

A patient with a serum potassium value of less than 3.5 mEq/L is _________.

An anxious adult patient is experiencing a respiratory rate of 40 breaths/min. The most appropriate intervention that the nurse could do is to instruct the patient to:

The nurse is aware that small ions such as glucose, oxygen, and carbon dioxide redistribute themselves through semipermeable membranes by a process called:

The nurse assessing a newly admitted patient with marked edema from severe heart failure would anticipate that the patient would exhibit: (Select all that apply.)

The patient who is prescribed a diuretic for fluid volume excess is discharged home. The patient verbalizes understanding of his disease process when he says:

The primary care provider orders fluid restriction for a patient with severe fluid volume excess. When a patient is placed on a fluid restriction, the allowance of fluids should be:

The nurse points out that nonelectrolyte products of metabolism are as important to health as electrolytes. Nonelectrolytes include:

A nurse gets a positive Chvostek's sign on a young woman with bulimia who has been giving herself frequent enemas containing phosphate. The nurse anticipates a laboratory finding of:

The nurse explains that the dehydrated patient's urine is concentrated because:

At the beginning of the shift, a patient's IV bag has 960 mL remaining. The IV fluid is running at 75 mL/hr. In 8 hours, there should be how many milliliters remaining in the IV bag?

The nurse is comparing sitting and standing vital signs for a patient who has been diagnosed with dehydration. The pulse rate has increased by 10 beats/min at 1 minute. The nurse then anticipates the blood pressure to show a(n):

An isotonic state exists within a patient's body fluids when the solute concentration of:

The nurse is aware that the patient who suffered a brain injury with cerebral edema will most likely receive a fluid that is: