Question 1

Which of the following was a consequence of the development of limited-liability, joint-stock companies?

Accepted Answer

A)  The scale of industrial enterprises dramatically increased. 
B)  Imperial expansion decreased. 
C)  Employee ownership of corporations increased. 
D)  The influence of individual financiers declined. 
A)  The scale of industrial enterprises dramatically increased. 
B)  Imperial expansion decreased. 
C)  Employee ownership of corporations increased. 
D)  The influence of individual financiers declined. A

Question 2

As the Industrial Revolution grew, some states promoted their own version of state-sponsored industrialization.
Develop an argument that analyzes the extent to which U.S. and European influence in Asia led to internal economic reform in Japan in the nineteenth century.
In your response you should do the following:
$\bullet$Respond to the prompt with a historically defensible thesis or claim that establishes a line of reasoning.
$\bullet$Describe a broader historical context relevant to the prompt.
$\bullet$Support an argument in response to the prompt using specific and relevant examples of evidence.
$\bullet$Use historical reasoning (e.g., comparison, causation, continuity or change) to frame or structure an argument that addresses the prompt.
$\bullet$Use evidence to corroborate, qualify, or modify an argument that addresses the prompt.

Accepted Answer

Good answers will:
$\bullet$Contain a thesis statement that directly answers the question by noting at least one response to Western influence such as the humiliating treaties forced on Tokugawa rulers following Perry's entrance in Edo Bay that led to desires for strengthening and reform in the Meiji Era.
$\bullet$Establish the correct historical context in which the question is based. That may include but is not necessarily limited to a discussion of one or more of the following:
o Growth of industrial economies
o "Gunboat" diplomacy
o Expansion of British, Dutch, French, and Americans into East Asia
o Suppression of resistance to Western incursions in China, Southeast Asia, etc.
$\bullet$Use historical evidence to address the topic of the prompt. That may include but is not necessarily limited to a discussion of one or more of the following:
o Young Samurai support adopting Western practices to counter the West
o Meiji restoration
o Government sold enterprises to powerful families
o Creation of large-scale, state-sponsored managerial capitalism
$\bullet$Vertical and horizontal monopolies
o Rapid economic growth and militarization
$\bullet$Use historical reasoning (comparison, causation, and/or continuity and change) to directly answer the question.
$\bullet$Demonstrate a complex understanding of the historical development that is the focus of the question and displays sound argumentation and writing, such as by contrasting Japan's managerial capitalism to American limited liability firms.

Question 3

Questions refer to the image below.
The Battle of Adwa (1896), Artist Unknown   Emperor Menelik is shown in the center on horseback and Empress Taytu Betul (Taitu) commands troops in the lower left. At top-center, the artist depicts the angel Gabriel leading the
Ethiopians to victory.
-This painting was most likely produced in response to which of the following developments in the mid-to-late nineteenth century?

Accepted Answer

A)  The rise of capitalism 
B)  The spread of Christianity 
C)  European imperialism 
D)  Increasing integration of women in the military 
A)  The rise of capitalism 
B)  The spread of Christianity 
C)  European imperialism 
D)  Increasing integration of women in the military C

Question 4

After 1848, both the unified German and Italian states rejected democracy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

What allowed King Menelik II of Ethiopia to defeat Italian forces?

Accepted Answer

A)  He allied himself with the Germans against the Italians. 
B)  Unlike other Europeans, the Italians did not use advanced weapons in the field. 
C)  He was able to equip his loyal, united armies with European weapons. 
D)  The Italian invasion forces were decimated by tropical diseases. 
A)  He allied himself with the Germans against the Italians. 
B)  Unlike other Europeans, the Italians did not use advanced weapons in the field. 
C)  He was able to equip his loyal, united armies with European weapons. 
D)  The Italian invasion forces were decimated by tropical diseases.

Question 6

What was the general goal of imperial powers, such as Great Britain, in the late nineteenth century?

Accepted Answer

A)  To create an integrated, competitive global economy 
B)  To monopolize as large a proportion as possible of the finite global supply of gold 
C)  To profit by instructing other regions of the world in industrial production methods 
D)  To force their colonies to buy their manufactured goods while exporting staple commodities 
A)  To create an integrated, competitive global economy 
B)  To monopolize as large a proportion as possible of the finite global supply of gold 
C)  To profit by instructing other regions of the world in industrial production methods 
D)  To force their colonies to buy their manufactured goods while exporting staple commodities

Question 7

What kind of states resulted from the unifications of Germany and Italy?

Accepted Answer

A)  States which became homogenous democracies 
B)  States with persistent internal divisions and centralized power wielded by their monarchs 
C)  States in which constitutional monarchs ruled in conjunction with strong Parliaments 
D)  States in which economic development benefited people throughout society 
A)  States which became homogenous democracies 
B)  States with persistent internal divisions and centralized power wielded by their monarchs 
C)  States in which constitutional monarchs ruled in conjunction with strong Parliaments 
D)  States in which economic development benefited people throughout society

Question 8

How did the United States' understanding of itself change after the Civil War?

Accepted Answer

A)  Its sense of national identity, and the strength of the national government, grew stronger. 
B)  Its sense of national identity grew weaker, since serious unresolved regional differences continued to exist. 
C)  Its identity as a major agricultural exporter grew to be equal to that of Germany or of Great Britain. 
D)  Its identity as a multiethnic state grew stronger. 
A)  Its sense of national identity, and the strength of the national government, grew stronger. 
B)  Its sense of national identity grew weaker, since serious unresolved regional differences continued to exist. 
C)  Its identity as a major agricultural exporter grew to be equal to that of Germany or of Great Britain. 
D)  Its identity as a multiethnic state grew stronger.

Question 9

What helps to explains Irish antipathy to integration into Great Britain?

Accepted Answer

A)  Anti-colonial sentiment toward imperial policy in South and East Asia 
B)  Grievances against England's laissez-faire response to the 1840s Famine 
C)  Solidarity with the Scottish independence movement 
D)  Resistance to restrictive emigration policies by England 
A)  Anti-colonial sentiment toward imperial policy in South and East Asia 
B)  Grievances against England's laissez-faire response to the 1840s Famine 
C)  Solidarity with the Scottish independence movement 
D)  Resistance to restrictive emigration policies by England

Question 10

In early nineteenth-century Europe, what hampered the implementation of the nationalistic idea that the location of "the people" should form the basis for setting national boundaries?

Accepted Answer

A)  Monarchs felt that allegiance to them should determine national boundaries. 
B)  Multiethnic land empires collapsed. 
C)  There was no agreement as to who "the people" should be. 
D)  Each side in military conflicts tried to gain control of as many people as possible. 
A)  Monarchs felt that allegiance to them should determine national boundaries. 
B)  Multiethnic land empires collapsed. 
C)  There was no agreement as to who "the people" should be. 
D)  Each side in military conflicts tried to gain control of as many people as possible.

Question 11

Use the passage below to answer all parts of the question that follows.
"But recently, in an interview with the French governor-general, we happened to discuss the situation in our province. Here are his views. He knows quite well that you are committed to your righteous cause and that you are also utterly selfless. But though you have no thoughts for your own person nor for your own family, you should at least attend to the sufferings of the population of a whole region. The governor mentioned this to me because he knew that I was from the same province as you and that we might together devise a plan to save it. His words are not worthless, and this is precisely the reason why I can no longer remain silent.
Are you not ashamed to see that the governor-general, who comes from a foreign country several thousand miles away, knows how to care for our people while we, who were born and raised in this country, remain blind to the sufferings of its people? How will they judge us, the generations a hundred years hence? I have always been taught that superior men should consider the care of the people as fundamental; who has ever heard of men who were loyal to their king but forgot the people's aspirations?"
Hoàng Cao Khai, in a letter to his friend, Phan Dình Phùng, who colonization of
Indo-China,
c. 1880
(A) Identify the author's purpose in the passage above.
(B) Describe the argument the author uses to try to convince his friend.
(C) Identify and explain a cultural continuity evident in this passage.

Accepted Answer

(A) The author's purpose is to convince

Question 12

Qing officials were more worried about internal turmoil than they were about European attempts to carve China up into spheres of influence.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which of the following was a similarity between Russian and Japanese attempts to modernize in the late nineteenth century?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both turned to China for support in industrializing. 
B)  For both, modernizing included increased popular control of the government. 
C)  Both incorporated ethnic minorities in their empire as equal citizens. 
D)  For both, key aspects of industrialization were state-sponsored. 
A)  Both turned to China for support in industrializing. 
B)  For both, modernizing included increased popular control of the government. 
C)  Both incorporated ethnic minorities in their empire as equal citizens. 
D)  For both, key aspects of industrialization were state-sponsored.

Question 14

How did conservative Chinese leaders react to the first railroads built in China?

Accepted Answer

A)  They used the railroads to reinvigorate China's internal trade networks. 
B)  They were worried that the railroads would change the relationship between people and nature, but recognized that they were necessary. 
C)  They saw the railroads as a threat to Chinese social harmony and had them torn up. 
D)  They sold concessions to operate the railroads to the British and Americans. 
A)  They used the railroads to reinvigorate China's internal trade networks. 
B)  They were worried that the railroads would change the relationship between people and nature, but recognized that they were necessary. 
C)  They saw the railroads as a threat to Chinese social harmony and had them torn up. 
D)  They sold concessions to operate the railroads to the British and Americans.

Question 15

The idea that a nation was composed of its entire population replaced what earlier definition of a nation?

Accepted Answer

A)  A nation was composed of everyone who participated in economic production. 
B)  A nation was composed of those willing to fight and die for it. 
C)  A nation was composed of everyone whose ancestors had followed the same king. 
D)  A nation was composed of kings, clergymen, and nobles. 
A)  A nation was composed of everyone who participated in economic production. 
B)  A nation was composed of those willing to fight and die for it. 
C)  A nation was composed of everyone whose ancestors had followed the same king. 
D)  A nation was composed of kings, clergymen, and nobles.

Question 16

How did nationalism challenge the Austrian Empire?

Accepted Answer

A)  By forcing it to define who was an Austrian 
B)  By eroding the loyalty of its peasant population 
C)  By encouraging Hungarians to press for autonomy 
D)  By encouraging the emperor to foster a more democratic government 
A)  By forcing it to define who was an Austrian 
B)  By eroding the loyalty of its peasant population 
C)  By encouraging Hungarians to press for autonomy 
D)  By encouraging the emperor to foster a more democratic government

Question 17

Questions refer to the image below.
The Battle of Adwa (1896), Artist Unknown   Emperor Menelik is shown in the center on horseback and Empress Taytu Betul (Taitu) commands troops in the lower left. At top-center, the artist depicts the angel Gabriel leading the
Ethiopians to victory.
-Based on your knowledge of world history, what accounts for the angel Gabriel's presence in the document above?

Accepted Answer

A)  The diffusion of Christianity to Africa 
B)  The influence of the Italian Renaissance on Ethiopian art 
C)  The polytheistic nature of Ethiopian traditions 
D)  The triumph of Christianity over Islam in West Africa 
A)  The diffusion of Christianity to Africa 
B)  The influence of the Italian Renaissance on Ethiopian art 
C)  The polytheistic nature of Ethiopian traditions 
D)  The triumph of Christianity over Islam in West Africa

Question 18

Which of the following was an unintended consequence of the British Raj in India?

Accepted Answer

A)  The Indian subcontinent industrialized, replacing China as the main Asian exporter of finished goods. 
B)  A new Indian identity emerged, despite the lack of a common language or political sovereignty. 
C)  European diseases spread, killing a large percentage of the population. 
D)  New European crops were introduced, leading to a population explosion and environmental disaster. 
A)  The Indian subcontinent industrialized, replacing China as the main Asian exporter of finished goods. 
B)  A new Indian identity emerged, despite the lack of a common language or political sovereignty. 
C)  European diseases spread, killing a large percentage of the population. 
D)  New European crops were introduced, leading to a population explosion and environmental disaster.

Question 19

Compare the roles that the Second Industrial Revolution played in the development of Brazil and British India. How significant a difference was created by the fact that Brazil was an independent country and British India was a colony?

Accepted Answer

The Second Industrial Revolution of the

Question 20

In what way was American imperialism in the 1890s different from earlier forms of U.S. expansionism?

Accepted Answer

A)  It sought to incorporate new territories into the national political body. 
B)  It took control of new territories without seeking to incorporate them or their people into the national political body. 
C)  It was undertaken in order to encourage American settlement in the newly conquered territories. 
D)  It proposed that the United States had a mission to spread its culture beyond its current boundaries. 
A)  It sought to incorporate new territories into the national political body. 
B)  It took control of new territories without seeking to incorporate them or their people into the national political body. 
C)  It was undertaken in order to encourage American settlement in the newly conquered territories. 
D)  It proposed that the United States had a mission to spread its culture beyond its current boundaries.

Which of the following was a consequence of the development of limited-liability, joint-stock companies?

After 1848, both the unified German and Italian states rejected democracy.

What allowed King Menelik II of Ethiopia to defeat Italian forces?

What was the general goal of imperial powers, such as Great Britain, in the late nineteenth century?

What kind of states resulted from the unifications of Germany and Italy?

How did the United States' understanding of itself change after the Civil War?

What helps to explains Irish antipathy to integration into Great Britain?

In early nineteenth-century Europe, what hampered the implementation of the nationalistic idea that the location of "the people" should form the basis for setting national boundaries?

Qing officials were more worried about internal turmoil than they were about European attempts to carve China up into spheres of influence.

Which of the following was a similarity between Russian and Japanese attempts to modernize in the late nineteenth century?

How did conservative Chinese leaders react to the first railroads built in China?

The idea that a nation was composed of its entire population replaced what earlier definition of a nation?

How did nationalism challenge the Austrian Empire?

Which of the following was an unintended consequence of the British Raj in India?

Compare the roles that the Second Industrial Revolution played in the development of Brazil and British India. How significant a difference was created by the fact that Brazil was an independent country and British India was a colony?

In what way was American imperialism in the 1890s different from earlier forms of U.S. expansionism?

The Rise of Universalizing Religions 300-600 Ce

New Empires and Common Cultures 600-1000 Ce

Becoming the World 1000-1300 Ce

Crisis and Recovery in Afro-Eurasia 1300-1500

Contact, Commerce, and Colonization 1450-1600

Worlds Entangled 1600-1750

Cultures of Splendor and Power 1500-1780

Reordering the World 1750-1850

Alternative Visions of the Nineteenth Century

An Unsettled World 1890-1914

Of Masses and Visions of the Modern 1910-1939

The Three-World Order 1940-1975

Globalization 1970-2000

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Exam 10: Nations and Empires 1850-1914

Which of the following was a consequence of the development of limited-liability, joint-stock companies?

After 1848, both the unified German and Italian states rejected democracy.

What allowed King Menelik II of Ethiopia to defeat Italian forces?

What was the general goal of imperial powers, such as Great Britain, in the late nineteenth century?

What kind of states resulted from the unifications of Germany and Italy?

How did the United States' understanding of itself change after the Civil War?

What helps to explains Irish antipathy to integration into Great Britain?

In early nineteenth-century Europe, what hampered the implementation of the nationalistic idea that the location of "the people" should form the basis for setting national boundaries?

Qing officials were more worried about internal turmoil than they were about European attempts to carve China up into spheres of influence.

Which of the following was a similarity between Russian and Japanese attempts to modernize in the late nineteenth century?

How did conservative Chinese leaders react to the first railroads built in China?

The idea that a nation was composed of its entire population replaced what earlier definition of a nation?

How did nationalism challenge the Austrian Empire?

Which of the following was an unintended consequence of the British Raj in India?

Compare the roles that the Second Industrial Revolution played in the development of Brazil and British India. How significant a difference was created by the fact that Brazil was an independent country and British India was a colony?

In what way was American imperialism in the 1890s different from earlier forms of U.S. expansionism?

The Rise of Universalizing Religions 300-600 Ce

New Empires and Common Cultures 600-1000 Ce

Becoming the World 1000-1300 Ce

Crisis and Recovery in Afro-Eurasia 1300-1500

Contact, Commerce, and Colonization 1450-1600

Worlds Entangled 1600-1750

Cultures of Splendor and Power 1500-1780

Reordering the World 1750-1850

Alternative Visions of the Nineteenth Century

An Unsettled World 1890-1914

Of Masses and Visions of the Modern 1910-1939

The Three-World Order 1940-1975

Globalization 1970-2000

Filters