Exam 11: Social Class, Race, and School Achievement

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Your friend Joel argues that schools, as traditionally organized, are set up not to help people get ahead in life but to keep them "in their place." What label best fits Joel's beliefs?

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D

Environmentalists maintain that differences in IQ test scores by African Americans and Euro-Americans are due to

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C

What arguments support the environmentalist view concerning the development of intelligence?

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A number of research studies have attributed IQ gains to environmental changes that led to improvement in the kinds of skills assessed in IQ tests.These findings have been replicated in numerous international studies.Differences among groups in IQ scores may be attributable to social class and racial discrimination.

By the time working-class students with low achievement reach high school,

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To understand the causes of low school achievement, it is important to consider the home environment of children from lower- or working-class families, because

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Problems with the way classrooms operate-inappropriate curriculum and instruction, difficulty in teaching conditions, teacher perceptions of student inadequacy, large classes and negative teacher and peer expectations-and the social context thus created suggest that

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People who have common ancestry and generally are similar in language, religion, and other cultural patterns belong to the same

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Educators who adopt the environmentalist position concerning the development of intelligence would probably support

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According to proponents of the environmental disadvantage theory,

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Why are the prenatal stage and the early home environment (before kindergarten) so important to student achievement?

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In terms of educational achievement, students in the low income minority groups rank _______ students in the high income social class.

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In terms of school achievement, working-class students as a group tend to ___________middle-class students.

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Research indicates that the achievement of rural students is hampered by

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Concentrated poverty schools are located in

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How might the low rate of college attendance by low-income students affect their social class?

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Which statement accurately describes trends in the African American community?

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Advocates of resistance theory maintain that working-class students show resistance in schools partly because school norms and expectations

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Horace Mann's work established that __________________.

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Elaborate language typically includes

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The students most likely to attend college are those with

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