Question 1

By the age of _____ years, the majority of children understand that human beings are animals that are similar in many ways to other animals.

Accepted Answer

A) 4 
B) 6 
C) 8 
D) 10 
A) 4 
B) 6 
C) 8 
D) 10 A

Question 2

The general level within a category hierarchy is called a _____ level.

Accepted Answer

A) subordinate 
B) perceptual 
C) basic 
D) superordinate 
A) subordinate 
B) perceptual 
C) basic 
D) superordinate D

Question 3

Which statement would be considered evidence that an infant has formed the category "furniture"?

Accepted Answer

A) The infant habituates after repeatedly being shown pictures of tables. 
B) After repeatedly being shown pictures of tables, the infant dishabituates to a picture of a sofa. 
C) After repeatedly being shown pictures of tables, chairs, sofas, dressers, and grandfather clocks, the infant dishabituates to a picture of a car. 
D) After repeatedly being shown pictures of tables, chairs, sofas, dressers, and grandfather clocks, the infant does not dishabituate to a picture of a car. 
A) The infant habituates after repeatedly being shown pictures of tables. 
B) After repeatedly being shown pictures of tables, the infant dishabituates to a picture of a sofa. 
C) After repeatedly being shown pictures of tables, chairs, sofas, dressers, and grandfather clocks, the infant dishabituates to a picture of a car. 
D) After repeatedly being shown pictures of tables, chairs, sofas, dressers, and grandfather clocks, the infant does not dishabituate to a picture of a car. C

Question 4

Many erroneously believe that spatial thinking is related to only

Accepted Answer

A) vision. 
B) hearing. 
C) touch. 
D) taste. 
A) vision. 
B) hearing. 
C) touch. 
D) taste.

Question 5

On false-belief problems, children who do not yet have a complete understanding of the relation between their own beliefs and others' beliefs

Accepted Answer

A) have difficulty understanding that other people could have false beliefs when they themselves know the truth. 
B) have difficulty understanding that other people could know the truth when they themselves have false beliefs. 
C) believe that others will not be convinced of the truth. 
D) believe that others will be difficult to fool. 
A) have difficulty understanding that other people could have false beliefs when they themselves know the truth. 
B) have difficulty understanding that other people could know the truth when they themselves have false beliefs. 
C) believe that others will not be convinced of the truth. 
D) believe that others will be difficult to fool.

Question 6

Monique regularly fails at false-belief problems. This means that she likely does NOT understand

Accepted Answer

A) the relation between beliefs and actions. 
B) how other people's desires can be different from their own. 
C) the difference between what is true and what is false. 
D) that others can hold an incorrect belief when they themselves know the truth. 
A) the relation between beliefs and actions. 
B) how other people's desires can be different from their own. 
C) the difference between what is true and what is false. 
D) that others can hold an incorrect belief when they themselves know the truth.

Question 7

A task that tests a child's understanding that other people will act in accord with their own ideas even when the child knows that those ideas are incorrect is called

Accepted Answer

A) a theory of mind. 
B) naïve psychology. 
C) perceptual categorization. 
D) a false-belief problem. 
A) a theory of mind. 
B) naïve psychology. 
C) perceptual categorization. 
D) a false-belief problem.

Question 8

The study that compared the spatial skills of aboriginal children growing up in the Australian desert with those of their White peers growing up in Australian cities demonstrated that

Accepted Answer

A) the lack of pressure exerted by parents of White children to develop spatial skills enabled children to gain greater insight into spatial orientations. 
B) the lack of humanmade landmarks, such as street signs, in the desert resulted in poor spatial ability in aboriginal children. 
C) familiarity of context, not the importance of spatial ability in everyday life, was associated with the memory for spatial location. 
D) the importance of spatial ability in aboriginal culture resulted in better memory for spatial location in aboriginal children regardless of context. 
A) the lack of pressure exerted by parents of White children to develop spatial skills enabled children to gain greater insight into spatial orientations. 
B) the lack of humanmade landmarks, such as street signs, in the desert resulted in poor spatial ability in aboriginal children. 
C) familiarity of context, not the importance of spatial ability in everyday life, was associated with the memory for spatial location. 
D) the importance of spatial ability in aboriginal culture resulted in better memory for spatial location in aboriginal children regardless of context.

Question 9

The study that compared the spatial skills of aboriginal children growing up in the Australian desert with those of their White peers growing up in cities demonstrated the importance of

Accepted Answer

A) the active child. 
B) nature. 
C) sociocultural context. 
D) discontinuous development. 
A) the active child. 
B) nature. 
C) sociocultural context. 
D) discontinuous development.

Question 10

A study by Taylor demonstrated that compared with children who do not have imaginary companions, children who do have imaginary companions

Accepted Answer

A) are more intelligent. 
B) are more likely to be depressed or anxious. 
C) watch more television. 
D) have more advanced theories of mind. 
A) are more intelligent. 
B) are more likely to be depressed or anxious. 
C) watch more television. 
D) have more advanced theories of mind.

Question 11

Sheira, a 2-year-old, is told a story about a girl named Brenda. Brenda is looking for her favourite doll. Although Brenda thinks the doll is under the bed, it really is in the kitchen cabinet. When Sheira is asked where Brenda will look for her doll, Sheira will MOST likely predict that Brenda will look in which location(s)?

Accepted Answer

A) under the bed 
B) in the kitchen cabinet 
C) in the garage 
D) both under the bed and in the kitchen cabinet 
A) under the bed 
B) in the kitchen cabinet 
C) in the garage 
D) both under the bed and in the kitchen cabinet

Question 12

Anna, a 6-month-old infant, is being tickled on the tummy by her grandmother. The grandmother repeatedly tickles Anna twice and then pauses for Anna's giggles. With the tickles, Anna's grandmother says, "Beep, beep." After a minute or so of this, Anna becomes bored and stops giggling. Anna's grandmother then changes the pattern to three tickles and "Beep, beep, beep." Which response to the change in number of tickles is Anna MOST likely to make?

Accepted Answer

A) Anna remains bored. 
B) Anna begins to giggle again. 
C) Anna adds two and three and giggles five times. 
D) Anna says, "Wow, three tickles!" 
A) Anna remains bored. 
B) Anna begins to giggle again. 
C) Anna adds two and three and giggles five times. 
D) Anna says, "Wow, three tickles!"

Question 13

Which level of category hierarchies is the MOST specific?

Accepted Answer

A) basic 
B) subordinate 
C) superordinate 
D) supersubordinate 
A) basic 
B) subordinate 
C) superordinate 
D) supersubordinate

Question 14

Which list places children's understandings in a typical developmental progression?

Accepted Answer

A) distinction between living and nonliving things, people from animals, plants are living 
B) distinction between living and nonliving things, plants are living, people are animals 
C) people are animals, distinction between living and nonliving things, plants are living 
D) plants are living, distinction between living and nonliving things, people are animals 
A) distinction between living and nonliving things, people from animals, plants are living 
B) distinction between living and nonliving things, plants are living, people are animals 
C) people are animals, distinction between living and nonliving things, plants are living 
D) plants are living, distinction between living and nonliving things, people are animals

Question 15

The mutual understanding that people share during communication is known as

Accepted Answer

A) understanding intention. 
B) a sense of self. 
C) joint attention. 
D) intersubjectivity. 
A) understanding intention. 
B) a sense of self. 
C) joint attention. 
D) intersubjectivity.

Question 16

Which statement BEST characterizes the findings of cross-cultural research on children's understanding of false beliefs?

Accepted Answer

A) The pattern of development is very consistent across cultures. 
B) Children in Western cultures develop the understanding earlier than do children in Eastern cultures. 
C) Children in Western cultures develop the understanding later than do children in Eastern cultures. 
D) Children in developed countries develop the understanding earlier than do children in developing countries. 
A) The pattern of development is very consistent across cultures. 
B) Children in Western cultures develop the understanding earlier than do children in Eastern cultures. 
C) Children in Western cultures develop the understanding later than do children in Eastern cultures. 
D) Children in developed countries develop the understanding earlier than do children in developing countries.

Question 17

Emily, a 7-month-old infant, is sitting on the floor in a nearly empty room. On each side of her is a television screen. Every 10 seconds, an interesting picture appears on the screen to her left. The screen to her right remains blank. Emily is then rotated so that the screen that has been showing the interesting pictures is now to her right. Where will Emily look in anticipation of the interesting picture?

Accepted Answer

A) directly in front of her 
B) to her left 
C) to her right 
D) behind her 
A) directly in front of her 
B) to her left 
C) to her right 
D) behind her

Question 18

Which category do children generally form last?

Accepted Answer

A) flower 
B) oak 
C) tree 
D) plant 
A) flower 
B) oak 
C) tree 
D) plant

Question 19

Research has suggested that pretend play and sociodramatic play

Accepted Answer

A) cause children to experience setbacks in psychological understanding. 
B) reflect children's most basic level of psychological understanding. 
C) are correlated with higher levels of social understanding. 
D) increase children's egocentrism. 
A) cause children to experience setbacks in psychological understanding. 
B) reflect children's most basic level of psychological understanding. 
C) are correlated with higher levels of social understanding. 
D) increase children's egocentrism.

Question 20

The MOST basic sense of time is

Accepted Answer

A) timing of future events. 
B) temporal order. 
C) event duration. 
D) ratio of duration of events. 
A) timing of future events. 
B) temporal order. 
C) event duration. 
D) ratio of duration of events.

By the age of _____ years, the majority of children understand that human beings are animals that are similar in many ways to other animals.

The general level within a category hierarchy is called a _____ level.

Which statement would be considered evidence that an infant has formed the category "furniture"?

Many erroneously believe that spatial thinking is related to only

On false-belief problems, children who do not yet have a complete understanding of the relation between their own beliefs and others' beliefs

Monique regularly fails at false-belief problems. This means that she likely does NOT understand

A task that tests a child's understanding that other people will act in accord with their own ideas even when the child knows that those ideas are incorrect is called

The study that compared the spatial skills of aboriginal children growing up in the Australian desert with those of their White peers growing up in Australian cities demonstrated that

The study that compared the spatial skills of aboriginal children growing up in the Australian desert with those of their White peers growing up in cities demonstrated the importance of

A study by Taylor demonstrated that compared with children who do not have imaginary companions, children who do have imaginary companions

Which level of category hierarchies is the MOST specific?

Which list places children's understandings in a typical developmental progression?

The mutual understanding that people share during communication is known as

Which statement BEST characterizes the findings of cross-cultural research on children's understanding of false beliefs?

Which category do children generally form last?

Research has suggested that pretend play and sociodramatic play

The MOST basic sense of time is

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behavior

Theories of Cognitive Development

Perception, Action, and Learning in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Theories of Social Development

Emotional Development

Attachment to Others and Development of Self

The Family

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters

Exam 7: Conceptual Development

By the age of _____ years, the majority of children understand that human beings are animals that are similar in many ways to other animals.

The general level within a category hierarchy is called a _____ level.

Which statement would be considered evidence that an infant has formed the category "furniture"?

Many erroneously believe that spatial thinking is related to only

On false-belief problems, children who do not yet have a complete understanding of the relation between their own beliefs and others' beliefs

Monique regularly fails at false-belief problems. This means that she likely does NOT understand

A task that tests a child's understanding that other people will act in accord with their own ideas even when the child knows that those ideas are incorrect is called

The study that compared the spatial skills of aboriginal children growing up in the Australian desert with those of their White peers growing up in Australian cities demonstrated that

The study that compared the spatial skills of aboriginal children growing up in the Australian desert with those of their White peers growing up in cities demonstrated the importance of

A study by Taylor demonstrated that compared with children who do not have imaginary companions, children who do have imaginary companions

Which level of category hierarchies is the MOST specific?

Which list places children's understandings in a typical developmental progression?

The mutual understanding that people share during communication is known as

Which statement BEST characterizes the findings of cross-cultural research on children's understanding of false beliefs?

Which category do children generally form last?

Research has suggested that pretend play and sociodramatic play

The MOST basic sense of time is

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behavior

Theories of Cognitive Development

Perception, Action, and Learning in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Theories of Social Development

Emotional Development

Attachment to Others and Development of Self

The Family

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters