Question 1

Which statement about Piaget's and Kohlberg's beliefs about morality is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) For a behaviour to be deemed moral or immoral, the reasoning behind the behaviour must be taken into account. 
B) Behaviours can be deemed moral or immoral solely on the basis of the behaviour and not the reasoning behind it. 
C) Children are generally unable to make moral judgments when they are not faced with an actual moral decision. 
D) Children's morality can be examined only by observations of their behaviour. 
A) For a behaviour to be deemed moral or immoral, the reasoning behind the behaviour must be taken into account. 
B) Behaviours can be deemed moral or immoral solely on the basis of the behaviour and not the reasoning behind it. 
C) Children are generally unable to make moral judgments when they are not faced with an actual moral decision. 
D) Children's morality can be examined only by observations of their behaviour. A

Question 2

Spencer and Carlos are both quite aggressive in comparison to their peers. Spencer is particularly prone to reactive aggression, and Carlos is particularly prone to proactive aggression. When asked about what they expect to happen when they exhibit aggression

Accepted Answer

A) Spencer and Carlos will both expect that there will be positive social consequences for their aggression. 
B) Spencer and Carlos will both expect that there will be negative social consequences for their aggression. 
C) Carlos will be more likely than Spencer to expect positive social consequences for his aggression. 
D) Carlos will be less likely than Spencer to expect positive social consequences for his aggression. 
A) Spencer and Carlos will both expect that there will be positive social consequences for their aggression. 
B) Spencer and Carlos will both expect that there will be negative social consequences for their aggression. 
C) Carlos will be more likely than Spencer to expect positive social consequences for his aggression. 
D) Carlos will be less likely than Spencer to expect positive social consequences for his aggression. C

Question 3

With respect to the _____ domain of social judgement, even preschoolers believe that they should have control.

Accepted Answer

A) moral 
B) societal 
C) personal 
D) environmental 
A) moral 
B) societal 
C) personal 
D) environmental C

Question 4

Piaget's stage of the morality of constraint is generally characteristic of children in which stage of Piaget's theory of cognitive development?

Accepted Answer

A) formal operational 
B) preoperational 
C) concrete operational 
D) postoperational 
A) formal operational 
B) preoperational 
C) concrete operational 
D) postoperational

Question 5

Which of these characteristics is NOT associated with prosocial behaviour?

Accepted Answer

A) voluntary 
B) intended to benefit another person 
C) convenient 
D) helpful 
A) voluntary 
B) intended to benefit another person 
C) convenient 
D) helpful

Question 6

Which statement about children's beliefs about the domains of social judgment is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) Children generally believe that moral violations are wrong, even if an authority figure does not see them. 
B) Children generally believe that social conventional violations are more wrong than moral violations. 
C) Young children generally believe that parents have authority over social conventional and personal judgments. 
D) Children generally cannot distinguish among personal, moral, and social conventional judgments until late elementary school. 
A) Children generally believe that moral violations are wrong, even if an authority figure does not see them. 
B) Children generally believe that social conventional violations are more wrong than moral violations. 
C) Young children generally believe that parents have authority over social conventional and personal judgments. 
D) Children generally cannot distinguish among personal, moral, and social conventional judgments until late elementary school.

Question 7

Which theory posits that children's moral judgements and related behaviours can affect the behaviour of their parents in relation to moral development?

Accepted Answer

A) social domain theory 
B) Piaget's theory of moral judgment 
C) Kohlberg's theory of moral reasoning 
D) theory of mind 
A) social domain theory 
B) Piaget's theory of moral judgment 
C) Kohlberg's theory of moral reasoning 
D) theory of mind

Question 8

Which factor does NOT increase the likelihood of antisocial behaviour?

Accepted Answer

A) associating with delinquent peers 
B) being part of a traditional culture 
C) lack of jobs for juveniles 
D) living in a single-parent family 
A) associating with delinquent peers 
B) being part of a traditional culture 
C) lack of jobs for juveniles 
D) living in a single-parent family

Question 9

Research by Kochanska has demonstrated that children develop a conscience in different ways according to

Accepted Answer

A) whether they are girls or boys. 
B) their socioeconomic status. 
C) whether they are fearful. 
D) understanding of others' emotions. 
A) whether they are girls or boys. 
B) their socioeconomic status. 
C) whether they are fearful. 
D) understanding of others' emotions.

Question 10

Which of these is NOT an example of understanding the societal domain of morality?

Accepted Answer

A) choices about clothing 
B) choices regarding spending money 
C) manners 
D) forms of greetings 
A) choices about clothing 
B) choices regarding spending money 
C) manners 
D) forms of greetings

Question 11

Eleven-year-old Shane is angry, is defiant, and loses his temper easily. He can be spiteful and vindictive, he actively defies adults, and he blames others for his misbehaviour. Shane's behaviours are indicative of

Accepted Answer

A) ADHD. 
B) oppositional defiant disorder. 
C) conduct disorder. 
D) a typical 11-year-old. 
A) ADHD. 
B) oppositional defiant disorder. 
C) conduct disorder. 
D) a typical 11-year-old.

Question 12

Elementary school children's hostile aggression is motived by the desire

Accepted Answer

A) to obtain something concrete. 
B) for revenge. 
C) to damage another's peer relationships. 
D) to harm another person. 
A) to obtain something concrete. 
B) for revenge. 
C) to damage another's peer relationships. 
D) to harm another person.

Question 13

Which aspect is NOT regarded as true of a young child's conscience?

Accepted Answer

A) restrains antisocial impulses 
B) reflects self-defined standards 
C) promotes prosocial behaviour 
D) mirrors parents' beliefs 
A) restrains antisocial impulses 
B) reflects self-defined standards 
C) promotes prosocial behaviour 
D) mirrors parents' beliefs

Question 14

Which statement is NOT a frequent criticism made of Kohlberg's theory of moral reasoning?

Accepted Answer

A) The stories and scoring system are biased toward the intellectualized Western conception of morality. 
B) The stages of moral reasoning are not sufficiently distinct. 
C) The classification into stages is biased against females. 
D) Kohlberg did not sufficiently differentiate between morality and social convention. 
A) The stories and scoring system are biased toward the intellectualized Western conception of morality. 
B) The stages of moral reasoning are not sufficiently distinct. 
C) The classification into stages is biased against females. 
D) Kohlberg did not sufficiently differentiate between morality and social convention.

Question 15

Describe the proposed evolutionary and genetic basis of empathy and prosocial behaviour. Explain the processes involved in these forces on empathy and prosocial behaviour. Be specific and provide supportive examples.

Accepted Answer

Many biologists and psychologists have p

Question 16

Which behaviour is NOT considered an example of aggression?

Accepted Answer

A) hitting 
B) verbal insults 
C) excluding others 
D) helping others 
A) hitting 
B) verbal insults 
C) excluding others 
D) helping others

Question 17

At age 17, approximately what percentage of female adolescents report having committed at least one violent crime?

Accepted Answer

A) 9% 
B) 12% 
C) 29% 
D) 3% 
A) 9% 
B) 12% 
C) 29% 
D) 3%

Question 18

Which statement about the development of prosocial behaviours is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) Toddlers tend to comfort a distressed adult only when prompted by their parents. 
B) The distinction between another's emotional distress and one's own develops by the age of 4. 
C) Toddlers frequently show expressions of sympathy when comforting others. 
D) Young children regularly act in prosocial ways. 
A) Toddlers tend to comfort a distressed adult only when prompted by their parents. 
B) The distinction between another's emotional distress and one's own develops by the age of 4. 
C) Toddlers frequently show expressions of sympathy when comforting others. 
D) Young children regularly act in prosocial ways.

Question 19

Unemotional aggression aimed at fulfilling a need or desire is referred to as _____ aggression.

Accepted Answer

A) proactive 
B) relational 
C) physical 
D) reactive 
A) proactive 
B) relational 
C) physical 
D) reactive

Question 20

Describe how marital conflict is associated with children's level of aggressive and antisocial behaviour. Why do you believe this association exists? Be specific and provide supportive examples.

Accepted Answer

Children who are frequently exposed to v

Which statement about Piaget's and Kohlberg's beliefs about morality is TRUE?

Spencer and Carlos are both quite aggressive in comparison to their peers. Spencer is particularly prone to reactive aggression, and Carlos is particularly prone to proactive aggression. When asked about what they expect to happen when they exhibit aggression

With respect to the _____ domain of social judgement, even preschoolers believe that they should have control.

Piaget's stage of the morality of constraint is generally characteristic of children in which stage of Piaget's theory of cognitive development?

Which of these characteristics is NOT associated with prosocial behaviour?

Which statement about children's beliefs about the domains of social judgment is TRUE?

Which theory posits that children's moral judgements and related behaviours can affect the behaviour of their parents in relation to moral development?

Which factor does NOT increase the likelihood of antisocial behaviour?

Research by Kochanska has demonstrated that children develop a conscience in different ways according to

Which of these is NOT an example of understanding the societal domain of morality?

Eleven-year-old Shane is angry, is defiant, and loses his temper easily. He can be spiteful and vindictive, he actively defies adults, and he blames others for his misbehaviour. Shane's behaviours are indicative of

Elementary school children's hostile aggression is motived by the desire

Which aspect is NOT regarded as true of a young child's conscience?

Which statement is NOT a frequent criticism made of Kohlberg's theory of moral reasoning?

Describe the proposed evolutionary and genetic basis of empathy and prosocial behaviour. Explain the processes involved in these forces on empathy and prosocial behaviour. Be specific and provide supportive examples.

Which behaviour is NOT considered an example of aggression?

At age 17, approximately what percentage of female adolescents report having committed at least one violent crime?

Which statement about the development of prosocial behaviours is TRUE?

Unemotional aggression aimed at fulfilling a need or desire is referred to as _____ aggression.

Describe how marital conflict is associated with children's level of aggressive and antisocial behaviour. Why do you believe this association exists? Be specific and provide supportive examples.

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behavior

Theories of Cognitive Development

Perception, Action, and Learning in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Theories of Social Development

Emotional Development

Attachment to Others and Development of Self

The Family

Peer Relationships

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters

Exam 14: Moral Development

Which statement about Piaget's and Kohlberg's beliefs about morality is TRUE?

Spencer and Carlos are both quite aggressive in comparison to their peers. Spencer is particularly prone to reactive aggression, and Carlos is particularly prone to proactive aggression. When asked about what they expect to happen when they exhibit aggression

With respect to the _____ domain of social judgement, even preschoolers believe that they should have control.

Piaget's stage of the morality of constraint is generally characteristic of children in which stage of Piaget's theory of cognitive development?

Which of these characteristics is NOT associated with prosocial behaviour?

Which statement about children's beliefs about the domains of social judgment is TRUE?

Which theory posits that children's moral judgements and related behaviours can affect the behaviour of their parents in relation to moral development?

Which factor does NOT increase the likelihood of antisocial behaviour?

Research by Kochanska has demonstrated that children develop a conscience in different ways according to

Which of these is NOT an example of understanding the societal domain of morality?

Eleven-year-old Shane is angry, is defiant, and loses his temper easily. He can be spiteful and vindictive, he actively defies adults, and he blames others for his misbehaviour. Shane's behaviours are indicative of

Elementary school children's hostile aggression is motived by the desire

Which aspect is NOT regarded as true of a young child's conscience?

Which statement is NOT a frequent criticism made of Kohlberg's theory of moral reasoning?

Describe the proposed evolutionary and genetic basis of empathy and prosocial behaviour. Explain the processes involved in these forces on empathy and prosocial behaviour. Be specific and provide supportive examples.

Which behaviour is NOT considered an example of aggression?

At age 17, approximately what percentage of female adolescents report having committed at least one violent crime?

Which statement about the development of prosocial behaviours is TRUE?

Unemotional aggression aimed at fulfilling a need or desire is referred to as _____ aggression.

Describe how marital conflict is associated with children's level of aggressive and antisocial behaviour. Why do you believe this association exists? Be specific and provide supportive examples.

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Biology and Behavior

Theories of Cognitive Development

Perception, Action, and Learning in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Theories of Social Development

Emotional Development

Attachment to Others and Development of Self

The Family

Peer Relationships

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters