Question 1

In the process of synaptogenesis

Accepted Answer

A) axons are insulated. 
B) neurons are created through cell division. 
C) connections between neurons are formed. 
D) the brain eliminates unnecessary synapses. 
A) axons are insulated. 
B) neurons are created through cell division. 
C) connections between neurons are formed. 
D) the brain eliminates unnecessary synapses. C

Question 2

During synaptogenesis, each neuron forms synapses with approximately how many other neurons?

Accepted Answer

A) tens 
B) hundreds 
C) thousands 
D) millions 
A) tens 
B) hundreds 
C) thousands 
D) millions C

Question 3

Epigenetics is MOST relevant to which relationship?

Accepted Answer

A) child's environment child's phenotype 
B) child's phenotype child's environment 
C) child's genotype child's phenotype 
D) child's environment child's genotype 
A) child's environment child's phenotype 
B) child's phenotype child's environment 
C) child's genotype child's phenotype 
D) child's environment child's genotype D

Question 4

A change in a section of DNA that is the result of either a random, spontaneous error or environmental factors is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A) polygenic inheritance. 
B) a dominant-recessive pattern. 
C) random assortment. 
D) a mutation. 
A) polygenic inheritance. 
B) a dominant-recessive pattern. 
C) random assortment. 
D) a mutation.

Question 5

The amount of variability of a trait that is due to genetic and environmental factors is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A) heritability. 
B) inheritance. 
C) the genotype. 
D) shared genes. 
A) heritability. 
B) inheritance. 
C) the genotype. 
D) shared genes.

Question 6

Imagine that researchers estimated the heritability score for trait T to be 75%. Which statement is a CORRECT interpretation of this estimate?

Accepted Answer

A) There is little individuals can do to improve their level of trait T. 
B) John Smith's level of trait T is 75% due to his genes. 
C) Differences between males and females on trait T are 75% due to differences in the genetic makeup of males and females. 
D) This heritability estimate tells us nothing about the relative contribution of genetic and environmental factors to the development of trait T in an individual. 
A) There is little individuals can do to improve their level of trait T. 
B) John Smith's level of trait T is 75% due to his genes. 
C) Differences between males and females on trait T are 75% due to differences in the genetic makeup of males and females. 
D) This heritability estimate tells us nothing about the relative contribution of genetic and environmental factors to the development of trait T in an individual.

Question 7

Identical twins Ilyse and Lauren both have a gene for trait H. The gene for trait H is expressed only when a child eats rice before the age of 2. Ilyse and Lauren are separated at birth, and Ilyse lives in Japan, where babies begin eating rice at an early age. Lauren lives in Canada, and she is not given rice before the age of 2. Ilyse develops trait H, whereas Lauren does not develop the trait. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) polygenic inheritance. 
B) genotype-environment interaction. 
C) phenotypical variety. 
D) the dominant-recessive pattern of inheritance. 
A) polygenic inheritance. 
B) genotype-environment interaction. 
C) phenotypical variety. 
D) the dominant-recessive pattern of inheritance.

Question 8

_____ detects magnetic fields generated by electrical currents in the brain.

Accepted Answer

A) EEG 
B) ERP 
C) MEG 
D) fMRI 
A) EEG 
B) ERP 
C) MEG 
D) fMRI

Question 9

Jerome is 20 years old. He is now likely _____ times heavier and _____ times taller than he was at birth.

Accepted Answer

A) 5 to 7; 3 
B) 10 to 12; 2 
C) 15 to 20; 3 
D) 10; 4 
A) 5 to 7; 3 
B) 10 to 12; 2 
C) 15 to 20; 3 
D) 10; 4

Question 10

Plasticity is highest and thus recovery from brain damage is MOST likely when _____ is occurring.

Accepted Answer

A) neuron migration 
B) neurogenesis 
C) cell differentiation 
D) synaptic pruning 
A) neuron migration 
B) neurogenesis 
C) cell differentiation 
D) synaptic pruning

Question 11

Which statement about synesthesia is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A) Experiencing the sound of a bell as the colour yellow is an example of synesthesia. 
B) Synesthesia may be experienced by newborns. 
C) Synesthesia is caused by an overabundance of synapses. 
D) Synesthesia is not experienced by infants and newborns. 
A) Experiencing the sound of a bell as the colour yellow is an example of synesthesia. 
B) Synesthesia may be experienced by newborns. 
C) Synesthesia is caused by an overabundance of synapses. 
D) Synesthesia is not experienced by infants and newborns.

Question 12

What is the simplest pattern of gene expression?

Accepted Answer

A) dominant-recessive 
B) dominant-dominant 
C) recessive-recessive 
D) recessive-dominant 
A) dominant-recessive 
B) dominant-dominant 
C) recessive-recessive 
D) recessive-dominant

Question 13

A researcher finds that for a particular trait, first cousins are more similar than are third cousins. This researcher has evidence that the trait is

Accepted Answer

A) heritable. 
B) polygenic. 
C) multifactorial. 
D) all of these. 
A) heritable. 
B) polygenic. 
C) multifactorial. 
D) all of these.

Question 14

Disease W is a recessive gene disease. Individuals with _____ will suffer from disease W.

Accepted Answer

A) one disease W gene and one healthy gene 
B) two disease W genes 
C) two healthy genes 
D) two disease W genes and one healthy gene 
A) one disease W gene and one healthy gene 
B) two disease W genes 
C) two healthy genes 
D) two disease W genes and one healthy gene

Question 15

Eddie and Freddy are identical twins who grew up in the same home but then went their separate ways after high school. Eddie moved to the Midwest and became a family farmer. Freddy moved to New York City and became a high-powered attorney. A university research project measures their DNA methylation levels at age 6, age 36, and age 60. Which statement MOST likely reflects the results?

Accepted Answer

A) Eddie and Freddy will have virtually no differences in their methylation levels. 
B) Eddie and Freddy will have vastly different methylation levels at all ages. 
C) Eddie and Freddy's methylation levels at age 6 will be similar but will diverge as they get older. 
D) There is no way to predict Eddie and Freddy's comparative methylation levels. 
A) Eddie and Freddy will have virtually no differences in their methylation levels. 
B) Eddie and Freddy will have vastly different methylation levels at all ages. 
C) Eddie and Freddy's methylation levels at age 6 will be similar but will diverge as they get older. 
D) There is no way to predict Eddie and Freddy's comparative methylation levels.

Question 16

The heritability score for athletic ability estimates the

Accepted Answer

A) relative contributions of genetic and environmental factors in the development of an individual's athletic ability. 
B) amount of variation in athletic ability in an entire population that is due to differences in their genes. 
C) level of genetic influence on an individual's athletic ability. 
D) extent of influence of evolution on a population's athletic ability. 
A) relative contributions of genetic and environmental factors in the development of an individual's athletic ability. 
B) amount of variation in athletic ability in an entire population that is due to differences in their genes. 
C) level of genetic influence on an individual's athletic ability. 
D) extent of influence of evolution on a population's athletic ability.

Question 17

A recessive gene governs trait M. If a child exhibits trait M, then _____ trait M.

Accepted Answer

A) both her parents must also exhibit 
B) both her parents must have the recessive gene for 
C) one of her parents has the gene for 
D) the child has to have a dominant gene for 
A) both her parents must also exhibit 
B) both her parents must have the recessive gene for 
C) one of her parents has the gene for 
D) the child has to have a dominant gene for

Question 18

Describe three environmental factors that play a role in obesity in Canada.

Accepted Answer

Environmental influences play a major ro

Question 19

Down syndrome originates from

Accepted Answer

A) chromosomal anomalies. 
B) polygenic inheritance. 
C) dominant-recessive patterns. 
D) gene anomalies. 
A) chromosomal anomalies. 
B) polygenic inheritance. 
C) dominant-recessive patterns. 
D) gene anomalies.

Question 20

Which factor plays a central role in determining which of the brain's synapses will be eliminated and which will be maintained?

Accepted Answer

A) the frequency with which they are activated 
B) sensitive periods 
C) their genetic potential 
D) random variability 
A) the frequency with which they are activated 
B) sensitive periods 
C) their genetic potential 
D) random variability

In the process of synaptogenesis

During synaptogenesis, each neuron forms synapses with approximately how many other neurons?

Epigenetics is MOST relevant to which relationship?

A change in a section of DNA that is the result of either a random, spontaneous error or environmental factors is referred to as

The amount of variability of a trait that is due to genetic and environmental factors is referred to as

Imagine that researchers estimated the heritability score for trait T to be 75%. Which statement is a CORRECT interpretation of this estimate?

_____ detects magnetic fields generated by electrical currents in the brain.

Jerome is 20 years old. He is now likely _ times heavier and _ times taller than he was at birth.

Plasticity is highest and thus recovery from brain damage is MOST likely when _____ is occurring.

Which statement about synesthesia is NOT true?

What is the simplest pattern of gene expression?

A researcher finds that for a particular trait, first cousins are more similar than are third cousins. This researcher has evidence that the trait is

Disease W is a recessive gene disease. Individuals with _____ will suffer from disease W.

The heritability score for athletic ability estimates the

A recessive gene governs trait M. If a child exhibits trait M, then _____ trait M.

Describe three environmental factors that play a role in obesity in Canada.

Down syndrome originates from

Which factor plays a central role in determining which of the brain's synapses will be eliminated and which will be maintained?

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Theories of Cognitive Development

Perception, Action, and Learning in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Theories of Social Development

Emotional Development

Attachment to Others and Development of Self

The Family

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters

Exam 3: Biology and Behavior

In the process of synaptogenesis

During synaptogenesis, each neuron forms synapses with approximately how many other neurons?

Epigenetics is MOST relevant to which relationship?

A change in a section of DNA that is the result of either a random, spontaneous error or environmental factors is referred to as

The amount of variability of a trait that is due to genetic and environmental factors is referred to as

Imagine that researchers estimated the heritability score for trait T to be 75%. Which statement is a CORRECT interpretation of this estimate?

_____ detects magnetic fields generated by electrical currents in the brain.

Jerome is 20 years old. He is now likely _____ times heavier and _____ times taller than he was at birth.

Plasticity is highest and thus recovery from brain damage is MOST likely when _____ is occurring.

Which statement about synesthesia is NOT true?

What is the simplest pattern of gene expression?

A researcher finds that for a particular trait, first cousins are more similar than are third cousins. This researcher has evidence that the trait is

Disease W is a recessive gene disease. Individuals with _____ will suffer from disease W.

The heritability score for athletic ability estimates the

A recessive gene governs trait M. If a child exhibits trait M, then _____ trait M.

Describe three environmental factors that play a role in obesity in Canada.

Down syndrome originates from

Which factor plays a central role in determining which of the brain's synapses will be eliminated and which will be maintained?

An Introduction to Child Development

Prenatal Development and the Newborn Period

Theories of Cognitive Development

Perception, Action, and Learning in Infancy

Development of Language and Symbol Use

Conceptual Development

Intelligence and Academic Achievement

Theories of Social Development

Emotional Development

Attachment to Others and Development of Self

The Family

Peer Relationships

Moral Development

Gender Development

Conclusions

Filters

Jerome is 20 years old. He is now likely _ times heavier and _ times taller than he was at birth.