Exam 1: What Is Corrections

In 1790, the first recognized penitentiary was created in which U.S. city?

Based on the information in the scenario, in which state did Ike serve his time?

__________ is a system of government in which power and responsibilities are divided between one national government and multiple state governments.

As community corrections evolved, prisons were to be avoided because they were artificial institutions that interfered with the offender's ability to develop ________.

Correctional officers often report that the aspect of their work they like best is working with people who are in trouble and who want to improve their lives.

Corrections can be viewed as a series of processes that are ________ , meaning that each process affects another part of the criminal justice system in some way.

Nearly one-fifth of all offenders are under the correctional control of four states (i.e., the Big Four of corrections). Which of the following is NOT one of these states?

The community model of corrections continues to dominate how we punish most felony offenders in the United States.

Compare and contrast the early Pennsylvania and New York penitentiary systems.

_________ are a variety of punishments used by the courts that are more restrictive than traditional probation but less severe and costly than incarceration.

What do the authors mean by a "systems" concept of corrections? How does this framework enhance and yet complicate our understanding of corrections?

In addition to protecting society, _________helps define the limits of behavior so that everyone in the community understands what is permissible.

Josh is released due to good behavior after 15 months of his sentence was served. What type of supervision is Josh now on?

The social and political climate of the 1980s gave rise to the model of corrections.

Nearly of all African American men in their twenties are under some form of correctional control.

Discuss the events that lead to the crime control model. Explain how community corrections and evidence-based corrections fit into this model.

The most often used punishment in the United States is .

During the past few years the prison population has continued to increase.

Placement in a halfway house is an example of the use of _______.

A movement to ensure that correctional programs and policies are based on research evidence about "what works" is known as ___________________ corrections.