Exam 4: Rational Choice Theory

In regard to the term diffusion, what might influence Fred to move to a different community to commit his burglaries?​

Diffusion of benefits occurs when efforts to prevent one crime unintentionally prevent another.​

According to Nobel Prize-winning economist Gary Becker, criminals engage in a(n) __________ analysis of crime.

People who believe that they will be caught if they commit crime are the ones most likely to be deterred from committing criminal acts. What element of deterrence does this reflect?​

Auto thieves are not selective in their choice of target because all cars can be stripped for their valuable parts.​

What happens when crime reduction programs produce a short-term positive effect, but benefits dissipate as criminals adjust to new conditions?​

Trevor spent his 10-year sentence in a maximum-security prison. There he witnessed assaults and even murders. Oftentimes, he was in fear for his life. Reflecting back on the past 10 years and what he was exposed to, Trevor is determined to never again commit a crime that will cause him to end up in prison. What crime control policy is in effect here?​

The judge explained to Trevor at his sentencing hearing 10 years ago that if he is arrested and convicted of another crime after he serves his 10 years, he is likely to get a lifetime prison sentence under strict sentencing guidelines. Trevor remembers the words of the judge when he is released from prison. If the judge's words are what have convinced Trevor to remain crime free, what crime control policy has successfully kept Trevor a law-abiding citizen?​

Closed circuit television (CCTV) surveillance cameras and improved street lighting are mechanical forms of crime ______.

Violations that flow from incidents in which the robber's autonomy or sense of values has been jeopardized are called "freestanding robberies."

____ is an effect that occurs when efforts to prevent one crime unintentionally prevent another.​

_____________ refers to a crime control policy that depends on the fear of criminal penalties convincing the potential law violator that the pains associated with crime outweigh its benefits.

Less than one-third of all convicted felons are rearrested within three years of their release from prison.​

What happens when efforts to prevent one crime unintentionally prevent another?​

Rational choice theory has roots in the __________ school of criminology developed by the Italian social thinker Cesare Beccaria.​

Crime ___________________ may occur if beefed-up police patrols in one area of town appear to reduce crime in the given area, while in reality it just merely shifted it to a more vulnerable neighborhood.

Robbers generally choose targets close to their homes or in areas to which they routinely travel.​

According to the ______________ effect, while in prison for 10 years, Trevor was prevented from committing further offenses.​

_____ occurs when crime control efforts simply move, or redirect, offenders to less heavily guarded alternative targets.​

A method of crime prevention that seeks to eliminate or reduce particular crimes in specific settings is referred to as ______.