Question 1

When police officers are compelled to shoot and kill dangerous felons in the line of duty, this is classified as:

Accepted Answer

A)  justifiable homicide. 
B)  involuntary homicide. 
C)  voluntary manslaughter. 
D)  involuntary manslaughter. 
A)  justifiable homicide. 
B)  involuntary homicide. 
C)  voluntary manslaughter. 
D)  involuntary manslaughter.

Question 2

Resistance to attack using self-defense is justified as a way of preserving law and order under the:

Accepted Answer

A)  punitive rationale. 
B)  rationale of necessity. 
C)  social rationale. 
D)  all of these rationales. 
A)  punitive rationale. 
B)  rationale of necessity. 
C)  social rationale. 
D)  all of these rationales.

Question 3

The possibility that firearms can enable law-breakers to gain powerful advantages over their intended targets makes them:

Accepted Answer

A)  facilitators. 
B)  equalizers. 
C)  pernicious. 
D)  mediators. 
A)  facilitators. 
B)  equalizers. 
C)  pernicious. 
D)  mediators.

Question 4

In 2001, 75 million Americans owned an estimated _____ guns.

Accepted Answer

A)  75 - 100 million 
B)  100 - 150 million 
C)  150 - 200 million 
D)  200 - 250 million 
A)  75 - 100 million 
B)  100 - 150 million 
C)  150 - 200 million 
D)  200 - 250 million

Question 5

Though perpetrators of domestic violence are generally supposed to lose the right to own firearms, many offenders remain a threat because frequently their guns are not confiscated by law enforcement agencies.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Currently, what is the status of vigilantism in America?

Accepted Answer

A)  It occurs much more often than it is actually discussed. 
B)  It is discussed much more often than it actually occurs. 
C)  It occurs at about the same rate as it is being discussed. 
D)  It is rarely every discussed anymore, and rarely occurs. 
A)  It occurs much more often than it is actually discussed. 
B)  It is discussed much more often than it actually occurs. 
C)  It occurs at about the same rate as it is being discussed. 
D)  It is rarely every discussed anymore, and rarely occurs.

Question 7

Which of these embraces themes important to the victims' rights movement, especially empowerment, notification, direct involvement, offender accountability, and receiving restitution?

Accepted Answer

A)  Informal justice 
B)  Victims' justice 
C)  Restorative justice 
D)  Rehabilitative justice 
A)  Informal justice 
B)  Victims' justice 
C)  Restorative justice 
D)  Rehabilitative justice

Question 8

The restorative justice approach known as peacemaking circles is derived from Native American culture.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

According to the rationale of necessity, using force against an attacker is permissible because any injuries that the aggressor sustains are deserved.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Mediation is a type of:

Accepted Answer

A)  official and retributive justice. 
B)  alternative dispute resolution. 
C)  psychotherapeutic technique. 
D)  rehabilitation of an offender. 
A)  official and retributive justice. 
B)  alternative dispute resolution. 
C)  psychotherapeutic technique. 
D)  rehabilitation of an offender.

Question 11

What is a mode of conflict resolution called that relies on the use of force rather than negotiation and compromise, has a long and bloody history, and has as its goal revenge rather than reconciliation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rehabilitative justice 
B)  Restorative justice 
C)  Retaliatory justice 
D)  Victims' justice 
A)  Rehabilitative justice 
B)  Restorative justice 
C)  Retaliatory justice 
D)  Victims' justice

Question 12

In general, the permissible use of appropriate force to protect one's life from an adversary whom one reasonably believes is threatening harm is known as the right to:

Accepted Answer

A)  self-defense. 
B)  a concealed weapon. 
C)  free speech. 
D)  a proactive defense. 
A)  self-defense. 
B)  a concealed weapon. 
C)  free speech. 
D)  a proactive defense.

Question 13

Summarize some points in the history and current status of vigilantism or retaliatory justice.Identify two ideologies and their proponents that help to constrain vigilantism and explain their respective reasoning.

Accepted Answer

"Taking the law into one's own hands" vi

Question 14

Peacemaking circles involve discussions among the victim, the offender, their support systems, and the community.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

A citizen does not have to yield or concede any territory to those who would encroach on his or her autonomy under the:

Accepted Answer

A)  Victim's Bill of Rights. 
B)  individualist rationale. 
C)  rationale of necessity. 
D)  Victim-Offender Reconciliation Act. 
A)  Victim's Bill of Rights. 
B)  individualist rationale. 
C)  rationale of necessity. 
D)  Victim-Offender Reconciliation Act.

Question 16

When people were polled in 2013 about whether they or close personal friend or relative had been a victim of a crime involving a gun, how many answered yes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Almost a quarter 
B)  Almost one third 
C)  Almost one half 
D)  About two thirds 
A)  Almost a quarter 
B)  Almost one third 
C)  Almost one half 
D)  About two thirds

Question 17

Restorative justice seeks recovery of the victim and rehabilitation of the offender.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Discuss the concept of restorative justice, including its goals, purpose, and records of success or failure.

Accepted Answer

Restorative justice is based on the conc

Question 19

A means of conflict resolution that begins with the wrongdoer's undergoing reintegrative shaming by describing the criminal incident to an assemblage of relatives, friends, and neighbors is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  family group conferencing. 
B)  victim allocution. 
C)  the peacemaking circle. 
D)  the community justice center. 
A)  family group conferencing. 
B)  victim allocution. 
C)  the peacemaking circle. 
D)  the community justice center.

Question 20

What does the legal use of self-defense require?

Accepted Answer

A)  The threat posed by the aggressor must be imminent. 
B)  The aggressor must be armed with a deadly weapon. 
C)  The victim must shoot with an intent of only injuring. 
D)  The victim must announce intent to use deadly force. 
A)  The threat posed by the aggressor must be imminent. 
B)  The aggressor must be armed with a deadly weapon. 
C)  The victim must shoot with an intent of only injuring. 
D)  The victim must announce intent to use deadly force.

When police officers are compelled to shoot and kill dangerous felons in the line of duty, this is classified as:

Resistance to attack using self-defense is justified as a way of preserving law and order under the:

The possibility that firearms can enable law-breakers to gain powerful advantages over their intended targets makes them:

In 2001, 75 million Americans owned an estimated _____ guns.

Though perpetrators of domestic violence are generally supposed to lose the right to own firearms, many offenders remain a threat because frequently their guns are not confiscated by law enforcement agencies.

Currently, what is the status of vigilantism in America?

Which of these embraces themes important to the victims' rights movement, especially empowerment, notification, direct involvement, offender accountability, and receiving restitution?

The restorative justice approach known as peacemaking circles is derived from Native American culture.

According to the rationale of necessity, using force against an attacker is permissible because any injuries that the aggressor sustains are deserved.

Mediation is a type of:

What is a mode of conflict resolution called that relies on the use of force rather than negotiation and compromise, has a long and bloody history, and has as its goal revenge rather than reconciliation?

In general, the permissible use of appropriate force to protect one's life from an adversary whom one reasonably believes is threatening harm is known as the right to:

Summarize some points in the history and current status of vigilantism or retaliatory justice.Identify two ideologies and their proponents that help to constrain vigilantism and explain their respective reasoning.

Peacemaking circles involve discussions among the victim, the offender, their support systems, and the community.

A citizen does not have to yield or concede any territory to those who would encroach on his or her autonomy under the:

When people were polled in 2013 about whether they or close personal friend or relative had been a victim of a crime involving a gun, how many answered yes?

Restorative justice seeks recovery of the victim and rehabilitation of the offender.

Discuss the concept of restorative justice, including its goals, purpose, and records of success or failure.

A means of conflict resolution that begins with the wrongdoer's undergoing reintegrative shaming by describing the criminal incident to an assemblage of relatives, friends, and neighbors is called:

What does the legal use of self-defense require?

The Rediscovery of Crime Victims

Victimization in the United States: an Overview

Violent Crimes: Murders and Robberies

Victims Contributions to the Crime Problem

Victims and the Criminal Justice System: Cooperation and Conflict

Victims and the Criminal Justice System: Cooperation and Conflict

Victimized Children

Victims of Violence by Lovers and Family Members

Victims of Rapes and Other Sexual Assaults

Additional Groups of Victims With Special Problems

Repaying Victims

Victims in the Twenty-First Century: Alternative Directions Glossary References Name Index Subject Index

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Exam 1: What Is Victimology

When police officers are compelled to shoot and kill dangerous felons in the line of duty, this is classified as:

Resistance to attack using self-defense is justified as a way of preserving law and order under the:

The possibility that firearms can enable law-breakers to gain powerful advantages over their intended targets makes them:

In 2001, 75 million Americans owned an estimated _____ guns.

Though perpetrators of domestic violence are generally supposed to lose the right to own firearms, many offenders remain a threat because frequently their guns are not confiscated by law enforcement agencies.

Currently, what is the status of vigilantism in America?

Which of these embraces themes important to the victims' rights movement, especially empowerment, notification, direct involvement, offender accountability, and receiving restitution?

The restorative justice approach known as peacemaking circles is derived from Native American culture.

According to the rationale of necessity, using force against an attacker is permissible because any injuries that the aggressor sustains are deserved.

Mediation is a type of:

What is a mode of conflict resolution called that relies on the use of force rather than negotiation and compromise, has a long and bloody history, and has as its goal revenge rather than reconciliation?

In general, the permissible use of appropriate force to protect one's life from an adversary whom one reasonably believes is threatening harm is known as the right to:

Summarize some points in the history and current status of vigilantism or retaliatory justice.Identify two ideologies and their proponents that help to constrain vigilantism and explain their respective reasoning.

Peacemaking circles involve discussions among the victim, the offender, their support systems, and the community.

A citizen does not have to yield or concede any territory to those who would encroach on his or her autonomy under the:

When people were polled in 2013 about whether they or close personal friend or relative had been a victim of a crime involving a gun, how many answered yes?

Restorative justice seeks recovery of the victim and rehabilitation of the offender.

Discuss the concept of restorative justice, including its goals, purpose, and records of success or failure.

A means of conflict resolution that begins with the wrongdoer's undergoing reintegrative shaming by describing the criminal incident to an assemblage of relatives, friends, and neighbors is called:

What does the legal use of self-defense require?

The Rediscovery of Crime Victims

Victimization in the United States: an Overview

Violent Crimes: Murders and Robberies

Victims Contributions to the Crime Problem

Victims and the Criminal Justice System: Cooperation and Conflict

Victims and the Criminal Justice System: Cooperation and Conflict

Victimized Children

Victims of Violence by Lovers and Family Members

Victims of Rapes and Other Sexual Assaults

Additional Groups of Victims With Special Problems

Repaying Victims

Victims in the Twenty-First Century: Alternative Directions Glossary References Name Index Subject Index

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