Question 1

The division of labor is highest in which type of society?

Accepted Answer

A) hunting and gathering 
B) feudal 
C) industrial 
D) advanced industrial 
E) imperial societies 
A) hunting and gathering 
B) feudal 
C) industrial 
D) advanced industrial 
E) imperial societies D

Question 2

The enclosure movement was associated with

Accepted Answer

A) an increase in sheep production. 
B) the migration of rural workers to cities. 
C) the development of factory labor. 
D) both b and c 
E) a, b, and c 
A) an increase in sheep production. 
B) the migration of rural workers to cities. 
C) the development of factory labor. 
D) both b and c 
E) a, b, and c E

Question 3

Work tasks in hunting and gathering societies

Accepted Answer

A) were divided into very specialized tasks. 
B) were divided according to gender and age. 
C) were the basis for distinctions based on social class. 
D) were nonexistent. 
E) involved the use of slaves. 
A) were divided into very specialized tasks. 
B) were divided according to gender and age. 
C) were the basis for distinctions based on social class. 
D) were nonexistent. 
E) involved the use of slaves. B

Question 4

In the United States, agricultural productivity has increased over time.There is also a highly productive extractive sector, a large and productive manufacturing sector, and an increasing service sector.Given these characteristics, according to the textbook, what term best characterizes American society?

Accepted Answer

A) postindustrial society 
B) monopoly capitalism 
C) advanced industrial society 
D) democratic capitalism 
E) social democracy 
A) postindustrial society 
B) monopoly capitalism 
C) advanced industrial society 
D) democratic capitalism 
E) social democracy

Question 5

Which of the following is not associated with guilds?

Accepted Answer

A) encouraged destructive levels of competition 
B) controlled training and job advancement 
C) regulated prices of finished goods 
D) regulated quality of finished goods 
E) formed for mutual benefit of members 
A) encouraged destructive levels of competition 
B) controlled training and job advancement 
C) regulated prices of finished goods 
D) regulated quality of finished goods 
E) formed for mutual benefit of members

Question 6

Serfs are associated with

Accepted Answer

A) craft work in a city. 
B) service work. 
C) corvee labor. 
D) craft work in ancient Rome. 
E) sheep enclosures. 
A) craft work in a city. 
B) service work. 
C) corvee labor. 
D) craft work in ancient Rome. 
E) sheep enclosures.

Question 7

Feudal society differs from agricultural society in that under the feudal system

Accepted Answer

A) taxes are extracted from peasants. 
B) peasants are forced to labor on someone else's land. 
C) the putting-out system replaces the guild system. 
D) the first urban areas are established. 
E) there is no social stratification. 
A) taxes are extracted from peasants. 
B) peasants are forced to labor on someone else's land. 
C) the putting-out system replaces the guild system. 
D) the first urban areas are established. 
E) there is no social stratification.

Question 8

Postindustrial society

Accepted Answer

A) has no ideology. 
B) has no social relations of production. 
C) has a highly complex division of labor. 
D) has no remaining impact of religion. 
E) has no social classes. 
A) has no ideology. 
B) has no social relations of production. 
C) has a highly complex division of labor. 
D) has no remaining impact of religion. 
E) has no social classes.

Question 9

Which of the following statements about bureaucracy is true?

Accepted Answer

A) A bureaucracy is a hierarchy based on personal authority and charisma. 
B) Bureaucracies are highly inefficient by nature. 
C) A bureaucracy is characterized by standardized rules and procedures. 
D) By definition, a bureaucracy can exist only in the government or not-for-profit sector. 
E) Bureaucracies exist only in Europe and the United States. 
A) A bureaucracy is a hierarchy based on personal authority and charisma. 
B) Bureaucracies are highly inefficient by nature. 
C) A bureaucracy is characterized by standardized rules and procedures. 
D) By definition, a bureaucracy can exist only in the government or not-for-profit sector. 
E) Bureaucracies exist only in Europe and the United States.

Question 10

Why did factory owners use women as workers in the early factory system?

Accepted Answer

A) Religious beliefs stressed the necessity for women to work to win salvation. 
B) Using women as workers would ultimately decrease the rapid growth of the population. 
C) Women held up better under the harsh conditions of factory life. 
D) Women could be paid less than men. 
E) Most men were in military service. 
A) Religious beliefs stressed the necessity for women to work to win salvation. 
B) Using women as workers would ultimately decrease the rapid growth of the population. 
C) Women held up better under the harsh conditions of factory life. 
D) Women could be paid less than men. 
E) Most men were in military service.

Question 11

Compared with traditional societies, modern societies are more likely to encourage

Accepted Answer

A) a balance of work and leisure. 
B) more attention to religious practice. 
C) conformity and solidarity. 
D) diversity and competition. 
E) controlled adoption of technology. 
A) a balance of work and leisure. 
B) more attention to religious practice. 
C) conformity and solidarity. 
D) diversity and competition. 
E) controlled adoption of technology.

Question 12

Markets in modern societies

Accepted Answer

A) are global in reach. 
B) cover many more commodities used in daily life. 
C) have replaced barter. 
D) involve services as well as goods. 
E) all of the above 
A) are global in reach. 
B) cover many more commodities used in daily life. 
C) have replaced barter. 
D) involve services as well as goods. 
E) all of the above

Question 13

An oligopoly refers to

Accepted Answer

A) many buyers for a product. 
B) many workers employed at a site. 
C) relatively few producers of a product. 
D) the financing plan for large companies. 
E) any large company. 
A) many buyers for a product. 
B) many workers employed at a site. 
C) relatively few producers of a product. 
D) the financing plan for large companies. 
E) any large company.

Question 14

The contradictory nature of work is depicted by

Accepted Answer

A) the contrast between the situations of free workers and slaves. 
B) the fact that work generates both goods and services. 
C) the fact that both workers and managers can be described as working. 
D) the fact that work produces both satisfaction and alienation. 
E) the relationship of bureaucracy to technology. 
A) the contrast between the situations of free workers and slaves. 
B) the fact that work generates both goods and services. 
C) the fact that both workers and managers can be described as working. 
D) the fact that work produces both satisfaction and alienation. 
E) the relationship of bureaucracy to technology.

Question 15

Imperial societies developed

Accepted Answer

A) the assembly line. 
B) slave labor. 
C) bureaucracy. 
D) markets. 
E) agriculture. 
A) the assembly line. 
B) slave labor. 
C) bureaucracy. 
D) markets. 
E) agriculture.

Question 16

In which of these societies was work regarded as a sacred ritual?

Accepted Answer

A) hunting and gathering societies 
B) feudal system 
C) merchant capitalism 
D) mass production 
E) postindustrial society 
A) hunting and gathering societies 
B) feudal system 
C) merchant capitalism 
D) mass production 
E) postindustrial society

Question 17

Which of the following determines the nature of work at any given stage, according to the developmental model presented in the textbook?

Accepted Answer

A) the work ideology 
B) the social relations of work 
C) the nature of religious belief 
D) the nature of scientific belief 
E) the number of social classes 
A) the work ideology 
B) the social relations of work 
C) the nature of religious belief 
D) the nature of scientific belief 
E) the number of social classes

Question 18

Which type of society is characterized by the least material inequality (smallest social stratification)?

Accepted Answer

A) postindustrial society 
B) monopoly capitalism 
C) merchant capitalism 
D) feudal society 
E) hunting and gathering society 
A) postindustrial society 
B) monopoly capitalism 
C) merchant capitalism 
D) feudal society 
E) hunting and gathering society

Question 19

The most fundamental change over time in the nature of work is

Accepted Answer

A) increasing division of labor. 
B) development of technology. 
C) characteristics of the people in labor force. 
D) conditions of labor such as working time. 
E) type of government. 
A) increasing division of labor. 
B) development of technology. 
C) characteristics of the people in labor force. 
D) conditions of labor such as working time. 
E) type of government.

Question 20

In describing the history of work, Hodson and Sullivan use a developmental model to argue that __________ and __________ determine the nature of society and set the stage for the next development.

Accepted Answer

A) class structure; population size 
B) social organization; technology 
C) ideologies; the division of labor 
D) the degree of alienation; the size of markets 
E) economic surplus; working conditions 
A) class structure; population size 
B) social organization; technology 
C) ideologies; the division of labor 
D) the degree of alienation; the size of markets 
E) economic surplus; working conditions

The division of labor is highest in which type of society?

The enclosure movement was associated with

Work tasks in hunting and gathering societies

Which of the following is not associated with guilds?

Serfs are associated with

Feudal society differs from agricultural society in that under the feudal system

Postindustrial society

Which of the following statements about bureaucracy is true?

Why did factory owners use women as workers in the early factory system?

Compared with traditional societies, modern societies are more likely to encourage

Markets in modern societies

An oligopoly refers to

The contradictory nature of work is depicted by

Imperial societies developed

In which of these societies was work regarded as a sacred ritual?

Which of the following determines the nature of work at any given stage, according to the developmental model presented in the textbook?

Which type of society is characterized by the least material inequality (smallest social stratification)?

The most fundamental change over time in the nature of work is

In describing the history of work, Hodson and Sullivan use a developmental model to argue that and determine the nature of society and set the stage for the next development.

Studying the World of Work

Meaningful Work

Class, Race, and Gender

Work and Family

Collective Responses to Work

Technology and Organization

From Field, Mine, and Factory

The High-Tech Revolution

Services

Professions and Professionals

Managers

Administrative Support and Sales

Marginal Jobs

The World of the Large Corporation

Globalization

The Future of Work

Filters

Exam 1: Foundations

The division of labor is highest in which type of society?

The enclosure movement was associated with

Work tasks in hunting and gathering societies

Which of the following is not associated with guilds?

Serfs are associated with

Feudal society differs from agricultural society in that under the feudal system

Postindustrial society

Which of the following statements about bureaucracy is true?

Why did factory owners use women as workers in the early factory system?

Compared with traditional societies, modern societies are more likely to encourage

Markets in modern societies

An oligopoly refers to

The contradictory nature of work is depicted by

Imperial societies developed

In which of these societies was work regarded as a sacred ritual?

Which of the following determines the nature of work at any given stage, according to the developmental model presented in the textbook?

Which type of society is characterized by the least material inequality (smallest social stratification)?

The most fundamental change over time in the nature of work is

In describing the history of work, Hodson and Sullivan use a developmental model to argue that __________ and __________ determine the nature of society and set the stage for the next development.

Studying the World of Work

Meaningful Work

Class, Race, and Gender

Work and Family

Collective Responses to Work

Technology and Organization

From Field, Mine, and Factory

The High-Tech Revolution

Services

Professions and Professionals

Managers

Administrative Support and Sales

Marginal Jobs

The World of the Large Corporation

Globalization

The Future of Work

Filters

In describing the history of work, Hodson and Sullivan use a developmental model to argue that and determine the nature of society and set the stage for the next development.