Exam 11: Physical Activity and Exercise

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Type ____ individuals may want to engage in competitions to push themselves to higher levels of fitness but it is a better strategy to think of physical activity as an ongoing healthy lifestyle endeavor: you want to keep your body as injury free as possible to go the distance rather than sprinting toward possible injury to meet a competitive goal.

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What does BMI measure and is it a helpful tool? Why or why not?

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A person can reduce visceral fat through exercise without changing his or her overall body mass index (BMI).Note that BMI is a measure of the size of the body based on height and weight that is often used to estimate body fat.However, it is not always the most accurate proxy for body fat since a person can weigh more because of excess muscle rather than fat.For example, when Arnold Schwarzenegger was body building, he would have been considered overweight according to the BMI metric, yet his percentage of body fat was actually very low.Thus, exercise can be protective of health even when it is not noticeably apparent through BMI due to its ability to reduce visceral fat.

We know that we have entered the ____ zone when we can speak only a few words at a time before we need to pause our words to catch our breath.

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How do we know if we are engaging in moderate intensity activity? We know when we are able to talk during the activity but cannot ____.

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It appears as though exercisers must maintain a ____ threshold of activity to see ____ effects.

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Explain the abstinence violation effect.How would you avoid this?

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Physical activity during ____ may protect against developing ____ in late adulthood.

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What is the PAR-Q and when would it be used?

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Cardiorespiratory function, relative leanness, muscular strength, muscular endurance, and flexibility are examples of ____.

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Executive control tasks are associated with memory and ____.

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What are the short and long term benefits of exercise?

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What do the Canadian government and Warbuton and his colleagues recommend in terms of physical exercise?

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For very sedentary individuals using the standard formula to achieve moderate intensity exercise, it is best to start at ____% of maximum heart rate for the first few weeks and then gradually build intensity to the ____% level.

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Could it be that one stress management and well-being benefit of physical activity is that it can produce ____? Thus, in this context physical activity can be seen as an example of ____, a positive stress that we find both challenging and rewarding.

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The American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) and the American Heart Association (AHA) have similar guidelines to engage in moderate intensity aerobic exercise for a minimum of ____ minutes (up to ____ minutes) per day for ____ days a week or vigorously intense aerobic exercise for ____ to ____ minutes per day for a total of 75 to 150 minutes per week as well as twice a week of resistance training (i.e., strength training, weight lifting).

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Is there a dose effect for exercise and depression as well as for well-being?

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In general, high risk individuals for physical activity are those with a known history or symptoms of cardiovascular, pulmonary (i.e., lung), or metabolic disease (e.g., diabetes).Moderate risk individuals are men over the age of ____ or women over the age of __.

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Explain how expectancy effects are problematic in studies testing the effects of exercise on psychological states.

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Both anxiety and depression are ____ correlated with stress and there is evidence that both are ____ by exercise.

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The U.S.Department of Health and Human Services recommends doing muscle strengthening (i.e., resistance) exercises ____ a week that involve ____ of the body's major muscles.

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