Question 1

The term ____ refers to the idea that people are distressed by loss of freedom or loss of options, and that they will seek to reclaim or reassert them.

Accepted Answer

A) monitoring 
B) reactance 
C) self-regulation 
D) status quo bias 
A) monitoring 
B) reactance 
C) self-regulation 
D) status quo bias

Question 2

Suicidal people tend to focus a lot on the future and how miserable it appears to be.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Participants in a study of decision making were asked to rate a particular financial solution for solving a dispute with a neighbour.Half of the participants rated the favourability of a solution in which they would receive R600 and their neighbour would receive R800; the other half of participants rated a solution in which each received R500.Which option was most favourably rated?

Accepted Answer

A) The option that paid them $600 and their neighbour R800 was higher rated. 
B) The option that paid both their neighbour and themselves R500 was rated higher. 
C) The option that paid them $600 and their neighbour R800 received the highest percentage of 'highly favourable' ratings but also received the highest percentage of 'highly unfavourable' ratings. 
D) There was no difference in the favourability ratings for the two options. 
A) The option that paid them $600 and their neighbour R800 was higher rated. 
B) The option that paid both their neighbour and themselves R500 was rated higher. 
C) The option that paid them $600 and their neighbour R800 received the highest percentage of 'highly favourable' ratings but also received the highest percentage of 'highly unfavourable' ratings. 
D) There was no difference in the favourability ratings for the two options.

Question 4

The so-called panic button effect refers to the tendency for people ____.

Accepted Answer

A) to experience automatic, intrusive thoughts about a goal when pursuit of that goal has been interrupted 
B) to perceive negative things that happen to them as more stressful or painful than negative things that happen to other people 
C) to feel relatively less stress or suffering when they think that they have the option of escaping from a situation 
D) to give greater weight to potential losses than to potential gains, panicking when the losses become unacceptable 
A) to experience automatic, intrusive thoughts about a goal when pursuit of that goal has been interrupted 
B) to perceive negative things that happen to them as more stressful or painful than negative things that happen to other people 
C) to feel relatively less stress or suffering when they think that they have the option of escaping from a situation 
D) to give greater weight to potential losses than to potential gains, panicking when the losses become unacceptable

Question 5

Capacity for change is one of the key ingredients for successful self-regulation, and is essentially the same thing as ____.

Accepted Answer

A) potential 
B) willpower 
C) intent 
D) opportunity 
A) potential 
B) willpower 
C) intent 
D) opportunity

Question 6

Movies with ‘R’ ratings tend to be more appealing to children and teens than similar movies with ‘G’ or ‘PG’ ratings. This finding is good evidence of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  error management theory 
B)  self-monitoring theory 
C)  reactance theory 
D)  temporal bias 
A)  error management theory 
B)  self-monitoring theory 
C)  reactance theory 
D)  temporal bias

Question 7

Research shows that when making decisions, MOST people are more interested in ____ as opposed to ____.

Accepted Answer

A) avoiding losses; pursuing gains 
B) pursuing gains; avoiding losses 
C) taking a gamble; 'sure things' 
D) 'sure things'; taking a gamble 
A) avoiding losses; pursuing gains 
B) pursuing gains; avoiding losses 
C) taking a gamble; 'sure things' 
D) 'sure things'; taking a gamble

Question 8

Which individual is least likely to experience goal shielding?

Accepted Answer

A) Pinky, who is not very committed to achieving her goals 
B) Langa, who is somewhat committed to achieving his goals 
C) Xolani, who is very committed to achieving his goals 
D) Keitumetsi, who has decided in theory to commit to her goal 
A) Pinky, who is not very committed to achieving her goals 
B) Langa, who is somewhat committed to achieving his goals 
C) Xolani, who is very committed to achieving his goals 
D) Keitumetsi, who has decided in theory to commit to her goal

Question 9

Someone with a(n) ________________ theory of intelligence believes that you can become smarter if you work hard, study, and apply yourself.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Someone with a(n) ________________ theory of intelligence...

Question 10

Lareesha thinks that her abilities are fluid and capable of changing and developing over time.She decides to try to learn to garden.Her first year of planting is a complete failure - nearly every plant dies.She only harvests a few tomatoes.Given what you know about Lareesha, what can you predict about her interest in gardening?

Accepted Answer

A) She will try again the next year and plan to learn from her mistakes. 
B) She will probably experience learned helplessness and lose interest in gardening. 
C) She will probably be risk averse and not want to garden next year. 
D) She will probably plant only the tomatoes because those are what she had success with this year. 
A) She will try again the next year and plan to learn from her mistakes. 
B) She will probably experience learned helplessness and lose interest in gardening. 
C) She will probably be risk averse and not want to garden next year. 
D) She will probably plant only the tomatoes because those are what she had success with this year.

Question 11

Closing one's eyes, so one does not need to look at a desired (but forbidden) object, is a good way to increase one's ____.

Accepted Answer

A) self-awareness 
B) tendency to engage in self-defeating behaviour 
C) capacity to delay gratification 
D) learned helplessness 
A) self-awareness 
B) tendency to engage in self-defeating behaviour 
C) capacity to delay gratification 
D) learned helplessness

Question 12

When is the best time for a person to try to stop a habit like smoking?

Accepted Answer

A) when their job is most stressful 
B) when they are travelling on vacation 
C) when they are travelling for work 
D) when their marriage is breaking up 
A) when their job is most stressful 
B) when they are travelling on vacation 
C) when they are travelling for work 
D) when their marriage is breaking up

Question 13

What is self-regulation, and what are its three key components? What types of factors interfere with effective self-regulation?

Accepted Answer

Self-regulation essentially refers to 's

Question 14

Research on entity and incremental theorists has shown that they tend to make different kinds of attributions for other people's behaviours.Specifically, compared to entity theorists, incremental theorists tend to make more ____, for example suggesting that others' behaviours are the result of ____.

Accepted Answer

A) internal attributions; their circumstances 
B) internal attributions; their personalities 
C) external attributions; their circumstances 
D) external attributions; their personalities 
A) internal attributions; their circumstances 
B) internal attributions; their personalities 
C) external attributions; their circumstances 
D) external attributions; their personalities

Question 15

Even though she knows that most people take much longer than they anticipate in finishing their dissertations (sometimes even years longer), Christinah is certain that she will be able to conduct her dissertation research, write up her dissertation, and defend it to her dissertation committee, all within nine months.She is sure that if she works hard she will be able to successfully finish on schedule.Christinah appears to be ____.

Accepted Answer

A) subject to the planning fallacy 
B) showing evidence of the Zeigarnik effect 
C) subject to the omission bias 
D) an entity theorist 
A) subject to the planning fallacy 
B) showing evidence of the Zeigarnik effect 
C) subject to the omission bias 
D) an entity theorist

Question 16

Mr Mphalele has been drinking a lot of whiskey lately and wants to cut back.Research suggests that he is more likely to be successful if he keeps a record of exactly how much whiskey he consumes every week.In other words, ____.

Accepted Answer

A) he will be less likely to engage in temporal discounting if he self-regulates 
B) he will be less likely to engage in temporal discounting if he monitors his behaviour 
C) he will be more effective at self-regulation if he engages in temporal discounting 
D) he will be more effective at self-regulation if he monitors his behaviour 
A) he will be less likely to engage in temporal discounting if he self-regulates 
B) he will be less likely to engage in temporal discounting if he monitors his behaviour 
C) he will be more effective at self-regulation if he engages in temporal discounting 
D) he will be more effective at self-regulation if he monitors his behaviour

Question 17

Which term refers to the tendency to take whatever course of action does not require you to do anything (also called the default option)?

Accepted Answer

A) omission bias 
B) status quo bias 
C) certainty effect 
D) risk aversion 
A) omission bias 
B) status quo bias 
C) certainty effect 
D) risk aversion

Question 18

What are the common mistakes people make when planning to achieve their goals and what psychological processes promote them?

Accepted Answer

People tend to be overly optimistic when

Question 19

According to the textbook, children's capacity to delay gratification is increased when ____.

Accepted Answer

A) they do not have to look at the desired object 
B) they are with other children who weaken and give in to temptation 
C) they are distracted 
D) they have already weakened and given in to temptation once 
A) they do not have to look at the desired object 
B) they are with other children who weaken and give in to temptation 
C) they are distracted 
D) they have already weakened and given in to temptation once

Question 20

Suppose that Sipho has just asked Phindi whether she would like to study with him for an upcoming English exam.Phindi is struggling in the class, and she knows that Sipho is an excellent English student, so she enthusiastically agrees and says that she is excited to study with him.According to error management theory, it is likely that Sipho will view Phindi's enthusiasm as a sign that ____.

Accepted Answer

A) she has a crush on him 
B) she values his intelligence 
C) she is using him 
D) she is probably being insincere 
A) she has a crush on him 
B) she values his intelligence 
C) she is using him 
D) she is probably being insincere

The term ____ refers to the idea that people are distressed by loss of freedom or loss of options, and that they will seek to reclaim or reassert them.

Suicidal people tend to focus a lot on the future and how miserable it appears to be.

The so-called panic button effect refers to the tendency for people ____.

Capacity for change is one of the key ingredients for successful self-regulation, and is essentially the same thing as ____.

Movies with ‘R’ ratings tend to be more appealing to children and teens than similar movies with ‘G’ or ‘PG’ ratings. This finding is good evidence of ____.

Research shows that when making decisions, MOST people are more interested in as opposed to .

Which individual is least likely to experience goal shielding?

Someone with a(n) ________________ theory of intelligence believes that you can become smarter if you work hard, study, and apply yourself.

Closing one's eyes, so one does not need to look at a desired (but forbidden) object, is a good way to increase one's ____.

When is the best time for a person to try to stop a habit like smoking?

What is self-regulation, and what are its three key components? What types of factors interfere with effective self-regulation?

Research on entity and incremental theorists has shown that they tend to make different kinds of attributions for other people's behaviours.Specifically, compared to entity theorists, incremental theorists tend to make more , for example suggesting that others' behaviours are the result of .

Mr Mphalele has been drinking a lot of whiskey lately and wants to cut back.Research suggests that he is more likely to be successful if he keeps a record of exactly how much whiskey he consumes every week.In other words, ____.

Which term refers to the tendency to take whatever course of action does not require you to do anything (also called the default option)?

What are the common mistakes people make when planning to achieve their goals and what psychological processes promote them?

According to the textbook, children's capacity to delay gratification is increased when ____.

The Mission and the Method

Culture and Nature

The Self

Social Cognition

Emotion and Affect

Attitudes, Beliefs and Consistency

Social Influence and Persuasion

Prosocial Behaviour: Doing Whats Best for Others

Aggression and Antisocial Behavior

Interpersonal Attraction and Rejection

Close Relationships: Passion, Intimacy and Sexuality

Prejudice and Intergroup Relations

Groups

Applying social psychology to consumer behaviour

Applying social psychology to health

Applying social psychology to the workplace

Applying social psychology to the law

Applying social psychology to the environment

Filters

Exam 4: Choices and Actions: the Self in Control

The term ____ refers to the idea that people are distressed by loss of freedom or loss of options, and that they will seek to reclaim or reassert them.

Suicidal people tend to focus a lot on the future and how miserable it appears to be.

The so-called panic button effect refers to the tendency for people ____.

Capacity for change is one of the key ingredients for successful self-regulation, and is essentially the same thing as ____.

Movies with ‘R’ ratings tend to be more appealing to children and teens than similar movies with ‘G’ or ‘PG’ ratings. This finding is good evidence of ____.

Research shows that when making decisions, MOST people are more interested in ____ as opposed to ____.

Which individual is least likely to experience goal shielding?

Someone with a(n) ________________ theory of intelligence believes that you can become smarter if you work hard, study, and apply yourself.

Closing one's eyes, so one does not need to look at a desired (but forbidden) object, is a good way to increase one's ____.

When is the best time for a person to try to stop a habit like smoking?

What is self-regulation, and what are its three key components? What types of factors interfere with effective self-regulation?

Mr Mphalele has been drinking a lot of whiskey lately and wants to cut back.Research suggests that he is more likely to be successful if he keeps a record of exactly how much whiskey he consumes every week.In other words, ____.

Which term refers to the tendency to take whatever course of action does not require you to do anything (also called the default option)?

What are the common mistakes people make when planning to achieve their goals and what psychological processes promote them?

According to the textbook, children's capacity to delay gratification is increased when ____.

The Mission and the Method

Culture and Nature

The Self

Social Cognition

Emotion and Affect

Attitudes, Beliefs and Consistency

Social Influence and Persuasion

Prosocial Behaviour: Doing Whats Best for Others

Aggression and Antisocial Behavior

Interpersonal Attraction and Rejection

Close Relationships: Passion, Intimacy and Sexuality

Prejudice and Intergroup Relations

Groups

Applying social psychology to consumer behaviour

Applying social psychology to health

Applying social psychology to the workplace

Applying social psychology to the law

Applying social psychology to the environment

Filters

Research shows that when making decisions, MOST people are more interested in as opposed to .